• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.168-172
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• 1986

The swelling and hydration properties of Korean red ginseng tails and yield of total solids in extract were studied during extraction with ethanol solution having a concentration of 0-90% at $60-100^{\circ}C$. Extraction was carried out 5 times which was taken 8 hours per each time of extraction. The swelling, hydration and total solids yield were increased as the ethanol concentration decreased and as the extraction temperature raised. The cumulative value of solids yield suggested that three times of extractions with water or 70% ethanol were effective to recover more than 84%. Linear regression analysis on the properties investigated and extraction conditions showed a linear logarithmic relationship .

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.335-338
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 주파수 영역에서의 확산 스펙트럼 방식을 이용한 오디오 워터마킹 기법을 사용하고 있다. 워터마크 삽입은 오디오 신호를 MCLT(Modulated Complex Lapped Transform)로 분석한 후, 특정 주파수 영역의 진폭에 삽입되며 추출은 상관도를 이용하여 추출하게 된다. 워터마크 삽입은 44.1 kHz의 음악에 80 bits의 정보가 4초 단위로 반복적으로 삽입되며, 추출에서는 무작위로 추출된 8초 분량의 오디오 신호로부터 80 bits 비트 열과의 상관도를 계산하여 선정된 문턱 값을 초과하게 되면 워터마크가 존재하는 것으로 판단하게 된다 피치 스케일에 대응하기 위하여 120개 정도의 탐색을 수행하며, 시간 스케일에 대응하기 위하여 상관도의 지역 최대 점을 추출하고, 이러한 지역 최대 점들로부터 추출된 비트 열과 실제 비트 열과의 상관도를 계산하게 된다. 그러나 추출된 비트 열은 삽입 에러와 삭제 에러를 가질 수 있기 때문에 이러한 비트 열과의 최대 상관도를 구하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 동적계획법에 의한 최대 상관도 추출 알고리즘을 제시한다. 제안된 방법은 피치 및 시간 스케일링 변환 뿐만 아니라, 오디오 압축에도 견고함을 보인다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.542-547
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• 2017

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) has attracted growing interest, as it is an effective method for the rapid extraction of bioactive compounds from plants with a high extraction efficiency comparable to the conventional extraction. In this study, UAE was used for the extraction of polyphenols from lipid extracted microalgae (Tetraselmis KCTC 12236BP) and the effects of five extraction variables on the total phenolic compounds (TPC) were studied. For the optimization of extraction parameters, particle size, solid-to-liquid (L/S) ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time have been examined as independent variables. All variables exhibited the significant effects on the extraction of TPC and extraction temperature showed the most significant effect among five variables. The optimal extraction conditions were the extraction using mixed particle, S/L ratio of 10%, ethanol concentration of 60%, extraction temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ and extraction time of 30 min, which gave the 8.7 mg GAE/g DW for TPC. Compared with conventional hot-water extraction, TPC extraction under UAE was increased by up to 1.8 fold with same extraction condition. This study showed that UAE under low temperature and short extraction time was proven to be an effective extraction process for TPC production from LEA compared to conventional hot-water extraction process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.254-258
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• 2002

멀티미디어의 내용 기반 검색을 위한 표준인 MPEG-7은 컨텐츠의 비주얼 내용 정보를 표현하기 위해 Part3에서 비주얼 기술자를 정의하고 있다. MPEG-7 비주얼 컬러 기술자에 의해 정의된 컨텐츠의 컬러 정보를 추출하기 위해서는 주파수 영역 정보를 공간 영역 정보로 변환해야 한다. 이때 변환 과정에서 수행되는 IDCT(Inverse DCT)의 연산 속도는 특징 추출 시간을 증가시키는 원인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 IDCT의 연산 시간을 최소화하는 방법으로 DCT 계수 영역에서 컬러 특징 정보를 빠르게 추출하는 방법에 대해 제안하였다. 제안한 방법에 대해 MPEG-7 실험 모듈과 공인 데이터 베이스를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였고 실험 결과, 검색 율이 평균 5% 감소한 반면 추출 시간은 평균 80% 향상되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.242-251
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• 2000

퍼지관계 개념을 응용한 BK-퍼지정보검색기법은 형태론에 입각하는 기존의 정보검색기법과는 달리 문서와 용어의 상대적 의미에 근거한 정보검색 기법이다. 그러나 BK-퍼지정보검색기법은 높은 시간복잡도(time complexity)의 검색 연산을 내재하고 있어 실제 대용량의 정보 검색은 사실상 불가능하다. 본 논문에서는 BK-퍼지검색정보모델의 시간복잡도를 낮추기 위해, 축소용어집합(reduced term set)을 이용한 개선된 BK-퍼지정보검색모델(A-FIRM)을 제안한다. 개선된 BK-FIRM은 시스템 처리시간과 신뢰도 간 상층점(trade-off)을 제공한다. 축소용어집합은 용어집합의 부분집합으로서 검색결과의 신뢰도와 밀접한 관계를 가진다. 동일한 크기의 축소용어집합이 주어질 때, 보다 적절한 용어들로 구성된 축소용어집합이 보다 나은 검색 신뢰도를 이끈다. 따라서 보다 적절한 축소용어집합 구성을 위한 축소용어집합 추출방법이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 축소용어집합 추출방법을 크게 무작위 추출, 규칙에 의한 추출, 인간에 의한 직관적 추출 방법으로 구분하고 검색결과의 신뢰도 변화 형태를 분석한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.229-231
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• 1998

시간지원 데이터베이스내에는 다양한 유형의 시간 정보가 내포되어 있다. 이 논문은 다양한 시간 정보를 기반으로 하는 시간 연관규칙 탐사에 관한연구이다. 기존의 연관규칙 탐사에 관한 연구는 현실세계에 존재하는 사건을 탐사 대상으로 하면서도 시간 개념을 지니지 않은 형태의 데이터 집합을 대상으로 하고 있다. 그리고 단순히 단일 시점의 트랜잭션 시간마을 고려하여 순차패턴을 추출해내는 연구가 진행되었다. 이러한 연구는 시간 데이터의 시간 간격 특성과 시간 위상 특성을 간과하게 된다. 또한 시간 종속적인 데이터에 관한 정보의 탐사 시에는 한계점을 지니게 된다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 시간 간격과 시간 위상을 지니는 시간지원 데이터베이스로부터 추출될 수 있는 시간 정보 유형을 제시하고 이에 기반한 다양한 유형의 연관규칙을 제시한다. 또한 시간 연관규칙을 정의하고 이를 탐사하는 과정을 설명하며 궁극적으로 시간지원 데이터베이스에서의 시간 연관규칙 탐사 시스템을 소개한다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.381-388
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• 2009

Antioxidant substances were extracted from flowers of Aster scaber, Aster maackii, Coreopsis lanceolata and Coreopsis tinctoria using 2 types of extraction methods- ultrasonic wave and reflux, and antioxidant effects were compared. Higher yield of extract was obtained by ultrasonic wave method in all 4 species. Extraction time was different depending on species, but in all 4 species DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging and ferrous ion chelating activity were higher or similar by ultrasonic wave than reflux method. Content of total polyphenol and flavonoid was mainly higher by ultrasonic wave than reflux method. Longer the treatment, the more the antioxidant activity and bioactive substances. Anti-lipid peroxidation of ultrasonic and reflux extracts obtained from flowers of Aster scaber and Coreopsis lanceolata were compared. Flower extract of Aster scaber obtained by reflux method showed the highest inhibition effect against peroxidation of linoleic acid, but extract of Coreopsis lanceolata obtained by 15-minute ultrasonic extract showed the highest effect. Ultrasonic wave extraction was more economical and efficient method than reflux extraction.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.949-956
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• 2017

This study attempted to find optimum extract range of active ingredient for barley sprouts (Hordeum vulgare L.). Extracts from Hordeum vulgare L. were made by microwave extraction method and total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH) were measured with extract of Hordeum vulgare L.. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to a extraction process, and central composite design (CCD) was also used for this process to examine the optimum condition. Independent variables ($X_n$) are concentration of ethanol ($X_1$: 0, 25, 50, 75, 100%), microwave power ($X_2$: 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 W), extraction time ($X_3$: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 min). Dependent variables ($Y_n$) are TPC ($Y_1$), TFC ($Y_2$), DPPH radical scavenging ($Y_3$). It is formed by sixteen conditions to extract. The $R^2$ value of dependent variables is ranged from 0.90 to 0.97 (p<0.05). Experiments values within the optimal range (40% of ethanol concentration, 120 W of microwave power, 18 min of extraction time) were 3.74 mg GAE/g (TPC), 3.00 mg RE/g (TFC), 35.43% (DPPH), respectively. Under the optimized conditions, predicted value showed no significant difference comparing with the experimental values.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.219-223
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• 2003

Response surface methodology was used for monitoring and optimizing the extraction conditions of campesterol, stigmasterol, ${\beta}$ -sitosterol, and total sterols from the safflower seed. The conditions of phytosterol extraction were optimized by using central composite design with the temperature(35∼75$^{\circ}C$, X$_1$), the time (1∼11hr, X$_2$), and the preheating temperature(60∼100$^{\circ}C$, X$_3$) as three variables. The extraction conditions for maximum campesterol content were 59.01$^{\circ}C$(X$_1$), 2.88hr(X$_2$), and 75.04$^{\circ}C$(X$_3$). But stigmasterol, ${\beta}$ -sitosterol and total sterols were not significantly different under designed extraction condition in this study. Besides, oil was extracted from safflower seed at various conditions and yields were 23.44% at 35$^{\circ}C$ and 20.05% at 80$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Total tocopherol content increased from 0.172% to 0.207% as the extraction temperature increased from 35$^{\circ}C$ to 80$^{\circ}C$. A structured lipids(SL) was synthesized enzymatically by extracted safflower oil and conjugated linoleic acid(CLA). After 24hr reaction, 31.79 mol% CLA was incorporated into the extracted safflower oil.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.359-367
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ingestion of rabies and ginseng fruit extracts on alcohol hangover, liver damage protection, fatigue recovery, and physical strength improvement. A total of 64 volunteers aged over 20 were participated in this study and the randomized and repeated measures design method was used to divide a group of participants with a random assignment. All participants were divided into 4 groups (n=16) treated with hoveni dulcis thunb extract + ginseng berry extract (ARI 1000), hoveni dulcis thunb extract, ginseng berry extract, and placebo. As a result of respiratory alcohol concentration change, the group treated with ARI 1000 was significantly lower than the group treated with hoveni dulcis thunb extract, ginseng berry extract, and placebo in 1 hour of drinking, and significantly lower than the placebo group in 2 hours and 3 hours of drinking (p<0.05). After 2 and 3 hours of alcohol consumption, blood alcohol concentration of the group treated with rabies ARI 1000 was significantly lower than those of the other 3 groups (p <0.05). In conclusion, ingestion of ARI 1000 before drinking may significantly reduce the respiratory and blood alcohol concentrations, which may induce an effect on the hangover effect.