• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.168-173
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• 2007

게임이나 가상환경에서 오락성과 실감성을 증진시키는 여러 가지 방법들 가운데 지능적인 Non-Player Character (NPC)들의 존재는 중요하다. 컴퓨터 그래픽과 관련 하드웨어 플랫폼 기술의 발전으로 인해 사용자들은 이제 시각적인 만족을 넘어서서, NPC들이 보다 지능적으로 행동하면서 오락적인 만족감과 동시에 보다 향상된 실감성을 제공하기를 원한다. 하지만, 유한상태기계 (Finite State Machine, FSM)를 기반으로 하는 NPC 구현의 한계와 어려움으로 인해 이러한 사용자들의 요구사항을 만족시키는 것은 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 FSM과 추론 엔진(Inference Engine)을 결합한 새로운 NPC 행동제어 구조를 제안한다. 또한 제안된 구조의 가능성을 시연하기 위해 실제로 동작하는 데모를 소개한다. 이러한 FSM과 추론 엔진의 하이브리드 구조는 FSM이 제공하는 NPC 반응의 실시간성을 보장하는 동시에 추론 엔진이 제공할 수 있는 보다 지능적이고 계획적인 NPC들의 행동을 만들어 낼 수 있다는 장점이 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.515-518
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• 2009

이동단말기가 보급이 확산됨에 따라 많은 사용자들이 이동단말기를 사용하고 필연적으로 많은 통신행동을 하고 있다. 특히 SMS 는 시간과 장소의 제한이 적어 사용자들의 통신행동 중 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. SMS 통신행동에서 이모티콘의 사용이 많이 나타나고 있으며 이는 텍스트 기반의 의사소통의 한계를 극복하기 위한 방안으로 볼 수 있다. SMS 로부터 사용자의 감정을 추론하려는 기존의 연구가 있었지만 SMS 텍스트에 국한된다는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근 휴대폰, PDA, 스마트폰 등 이동단말기의 발전에 따라 통신행동 기록, 위치 정보와 같은 컨텍스트 정보를 수집하고 이용할 수 있음에 착안하여 SMS 텍스트와 함께 이동단말기의 컨텍스트 정보를 추론에 사용하였다. 의사결정트리를 이용하여 가용한 컨텍스트 정보로부터 추론한 정황 정보를 SMS 통신에서 사용하여 기존의 텍스트 기반의 의사소통의 한계를 극복할 수 있는 Visual SMS 를 제안한다. 사전에 정의한 훈련 데이터 집합을 통하여 의사결정트리를 생성하고 이를 기반으로 Visual SMS 를 구현, 시뮬레이션하여 추론 결과를 통해 그 기대효과를 확인한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.44-47
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 유비쿼터스 환경에서 인간의 행동패턴을 인식하고 이 결과를 활용하여 사용자의 의도를 추론하는 방법론에 관해 기술한다. 인간행동의 예측에 관한 지식표현으로부터의 추론기능과 예제패턴 기반의 학습기능을 동시에 지원하는 모델을 제시하고 이론의 타당성과 유용성을 고찰한다. 의도 추론 문제에서 지식기반 기법이 갖는 불완전성을 극복하기 위하여 예제기반 학습능력의 필요성을 도출하는 한편, 다양한 변이가 존재하는 응용에서 학습데이터 선정의 어려움을 보완하기 위한 방법론을 제시한다. 세부적으로 인간행동에 관한 특징표현과 행동패턴 클래스를 정의하고 이들간의 관계를 고유한 지식표현 규칙으로 정형화 한다. 또한 제안된 지식표현을 수용하는 추론 메커니즘을 제시하며, 제시한 모델의 부수적 특징으로 학습과정을 통한 지식 정련기능의 유용성을 고찰한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.300-303
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• 2007

사용자의 행동을 모니터링 하는 것에 대한 이전의 기술적인 연구는 네트워크 트래픽과 데이터 베이스 접근 패턴에 집중되어 있으나 이러한 접근은 사용자간의 데이터를 교환하고 공유하는 등의 상호 작용을 관찰하기에는 부족하다. 따라서 'BHave' 라는 가상 환경에서 사용자의 행동을 추적할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하여 문서에 접근하는 사용자의 행동을 모니터링한다. 서버쪽의 데이터베이스에서 데이터를 가져와서 클라이언트의 API 를 통하여 사용자가 선택한 데이터를 분석한 뒤 사용자에게 그래프를 통해서 시각적으로 분석 결과를 보여준다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.383-390
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• 2012

In this paper, we suggest an information retrieval visualization tool using the knowledge representation method. Information retrieval visualization tool suggested in this paper is designed to automatically extract retrieval intention using user's search history data and visualize extracted retrieval intention in the knowledge representation method structure. A psychological knowledge representation methodology was adopted for schema for retrieval intention representation and its effectiveness has been proved through the behavioral experiments. Result of experiment revealed that information retrieval visualization tool has been improved approximately 39% in user satisfaction compared to existing retrieval method, suggesting a measure to solve re-retrieval problem in the process of information retrieval.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.127-135
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• 2017

Consumers tend to feel concern about disclosure of personal information and, at the same time, to avoid inconvenience of procedural complexity caused by the privacy protections. The purpose of current paper is to investigate relationships between opt-in procedural complexity and shopping behavior using smart phones, moderating by the amount of visual attentions using eyetrackers. Therefore, we created a virtual mobile Web-site in which the complexity of opt-in procedures in our experiment is manipulated and measured. Also, we measured the dwell-time of area of interest using SMI-RED 250 instrument for tracking the real eye movement. Results indicated that the levels of procedural complexity are related to repurchase, indicating a moderating effect of the amount of visual attentions. Finally, we discussed several theoretical and practical implications of management for mobile commerce.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of the cognitive performance, emotional and behavioral problems among the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) groups that show the difference between visual and auditory attention. Method : Using 'ADHD Diagnostic System(ADS)', visual attention and auditory attention of 98 children diagnosed as ADHD were measured. According to the omission and commission error of ADS, they were divided into three groups ; 1) the group whose each visual omission and commission error scores were higher than each auditory omission and commission error scores(VV group), 2) the group whose each auditory omission and commission error scores were higher than each visual omission and commission error scores(AA group), 3) the group that was the rest of VV and AA group(M group). And the results of both the subscales of Korean Educational Development Institute-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(KEDI-WISC) and the subscales of Korean Child Behavior Checklist(K-CBCL) among three groups were compared. Finally, the correlation between the visual omission, visual commission, auditory omission, auditory commission error and the results of KEDI-WISC, K-CBCL were investigated. Results : The results were as follows ; 1) In 98 ADHD children, the number of VV group(N=56) was higher than that of AA (N=10) and M group (N=32). 2) All mean scores of the subscales of KEDI-WISC of VV group were higher than those of M and AA group. The score of verbal IQ(p=.039) of VV group was significantly higher than that of AA group and the scores of block design(p=.015), Kaufman's factor 2(p=.045), performance IQ(p=.004) were significantly higher than those of M group. The score of full IQ(p=.004) were significantly higher than that of M and AA group. 3) The mean scores of all K-CBCL subscales of VV group were higher than those of M and AA group, except the score of Somatic complaint subscale. The score of Social subscale(p=.041) of VV group was significantly higher than that of AA group. The score of Withdrawn subscale(p=.021) of AA group was significantly higher than that of VV group. 4) There were no significant correlation between the scores of visual omission/commission error and those of each subscale of KEDI-WISC. But, there were many significant correlations between the scores of auditory omission/commission error and those of each subscale of KEDI-WISC. 5) There were significant correlation between the score of the visual omission error and that of Thought problem subscale(r=.205, p=.043) of K-CBCL. There were significant correlation between the scores of the auditory omission error and those of Social subscale(r=-.319, p=.001), Social problems subscale(r=.206, p=.042), Thought problem subscale(r=.235, p=.021). Finally, there were significant correlation between the scores of auditory commission error and those of Social subscale(r=-.241, p=.017), Thought problem subscale(r=.235, p=.020). Conclusion : The ADHD children whose auditory attention ability were higher than visual attention ability had relatively better cognitive performance and less emotional/behavioral problems than the others. The more comprehensive experiment will be needed about the cognitive performance, emotion and behavior problems of the ADHD children showing the difference between visual and auditory attention.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2014

The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is currently identified as a restoration target species, because it is listed as level 1 in the Korean National Park Service's endangered species list. The present research was conducted to investigate the basic behavioral patterns distribution of red foxes. For this study, red foxes under semi-natural conditions were observed and recorded from May 2012 to April 2013. The results revealed that the activities of the red foxes began at $16:59{\pm}01:20t$ and ended at an average time of $05:50{\pm}03:02t$. The males began and ended their activities earlier than their female counterparts. Among the seasonal activity durations, the longest activity duration was observed in summer with activity of 14 hours and 5 minutes, while the shortest activity duration was observed in winter with activity periods of 10 hours and 11 minutes. Generally, the red foxes exhibited a nocturnal behavioral pattern; the activity start time of the foxes was influenced by the sunset time. However, the activity end time showed no relationship with the sunrise time. The frequency of daily feeding activity ranged from one to eight times per day, with the males ($2.40{\pm}1.66$) exhibiting higher frequency than their female counterparts ($1.87{\pm}1.24$). The feeding activity peaked in November (average, 3.52 times per day) and was lowest in January (average, 1.28 times per day). Both males and females engaged in daily drinking activity (average, $2.03{\pm}1.296$ times per day). Thus, the increase in the frequency of the feeding activity is related to increase in the frequency of the drinking activity. Although the present research was conducted under semi-natural condition, the findings will be useful for the daily specification management of the species, monitoring of the released foxes, and habitat management based on the behavioral characteristics of the species.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.11
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• pp.801-808
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• 2013

In the virtual space with the interactive 3D contents, the degree of mental satisfaction is determined by how fully it reflect the real world. There are a few factors for getting the high completeness of virtual space. The first is the modeling technique with high-polygons and high-resolution textures which can heighten an visual effect. The second is the functionality. It is about how realistic represents dynamic actions between the virtual space and the user or the system. Although the studies on the techniques for animating and controlling the virtual characters have been continued, there are problems such that the long production time, the high cost, and the animation without expected behaviors. This paper suggest a method of behavior control of animation by designing the optimized skeleton which produces the movement of character and applying the procedural technique using physical law and mathematical analysis. The proposed method is free from the constraint on one-to-one correspondence rules, and reduce the production time by controlling the simple parameters, and to increase the degree of visual satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

It is very important to research drivers' visual behavior. Angle of vision is very important and accounts for more than 90% as the source of driving information. In curve sections, drivers can know the front circumstances and drive more safely and comfortably through facilities guiding their eye movements. Therefore, the standards of installation and effectiveness of these facilities to guide drivers' gaze need to be reconsidered considering characteristics of drivers' eyes The national road no. 34 (Jincheon IC, Buckamri-Yiriangmun section), which is a high-accident-frequency location, is chosen for experimental place. The aim of this study is to understand the process of drivers' visual movement which is drivers' visual behavior and to check the facilities to guide their eyes. Another goal of this study is to improve facilities to guide drivers' eyes on a result basis of considering drivers' visual behavior especially for traffic safety in a high-accident-frequency curve sections.