• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.4
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• pp.55-69
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• 1999

일반적으로 잉크젯 프린터는 농도에 대해 선형적인 계조재현 특성을 나타낸다. 그러나 인간 시각의 경우 농도에 선형적인 프린터 출력에 대하여 비선형적인 지각반응을 나타낸다. 즉 농도가 큰 패치(patch)에 대해서는 명도나 색차에 대한 변별력이 작으며 농도가 작은 패치에 대해서는 좀 더 예민한 변별력을 갖는다. 따라서 농도에 선형적인 프린터 출력은 시각적인 활성영역을 줄이므로 프린터에서 구별되는 계조의 범위가 좁아진다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 인간의 시지각 특성과 매우 상관도가 높은 CIELAB 색공간을 이용하여 균등한 명도 변화 및 색차를 나타내도록 하는 프린터 계조재현 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이때 시각적으로 균등한 변화를 나타내는 프린터의 입력값을 찾기 위해 다층 퍼셉트론 신경망(multi-layer perceptron neural network, MLP)을 이용하였다. 신경망의 학습을 위해 계조에 따른 패치를 만들고, 프린터 구동입력신호 및 패치의 측정된 값으로 신경망을 학습하였다. 학습된 신경망으로 선형적인 출력을 내는 프린터 구동신호를 찾고 LUT(look-up table)를 이용하여 프린터 입력 신호를 역으로 보정하였다. 결과, 보정된 프린터의 출력이 선형적인 계조 변화를 보였고 변화가 인지되는 계조의 범위가 늘어났으며 실형상에 대한 실험에 있어서도 우수한 화질을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2011

This study investigates the evaluation on simple comparison and seeking hidden figures works under LED illumination conditions according to three types of color temperatures (7000K, 5000K, 3000K) in the classroom, Since the objective of this study is to develop an electric lighting conditions suitable for students in the classroom, the performance of concentration and visual discrimination by students under three types of LED illumination conditions were analyzed. The 4 kinds of simple tests concerning with concentration and 2 types of tests for visual discrimination were developed, and test results under natural light and LED illumination by 3 types of color temperatures were analyzed. There were differences on concentration as well as visual discrimination performance in most cases by t-test ($p{\leq}0.05$). For further analysis among three types of color temperatures and natural light, ANOVA tests were performed. The test results shows that illumination condition plays an important role when students try to concentrate on simple comparison of characters, figures or colors and seek hidden figures. The experimental results of this study might be applied to designing better luminous environment.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.122-126
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• 2002

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the 37-hour sleep deprivation on visual discrimination using the Cybernetic Flicker Fusion Analyzer (FLIMK) and to see the correlation between this finding and various subjective scale scores. Methods: Twenty six subjects (20 men 6 women, $24.50{\pm}1.45$ years of age) participated in this study. Subjects remained awake for 37 hours under continuous surveillance. In the morning and evening of two study days, the FLIMK and the self-reporting scale of sleepiness, fatigue, anxiety and mood states were instituted. Results: In FLIMK, the flicker fusion threshold was significantly decreased after sleep deprivation (F=7.66, p=0.01). The number of trials (responses) before reaching fusion frequency threshold was significantly increased after sleep deprivation (F=13.16, p=0.001). The reduction of fusion frequency was correlated with the increase of sleepiness and fatigue (p<0.05), and the number of the trials was correlated with the scores of negative mood, anxiety, and fatigue (p<0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that 37 hour total sleep deprivation cause the decrement in visual discrimination. The decrease of the fusion frequency after sleep deprivation was correlated with sleepiness and fatigue. Further study is needed to enlighten the biological mechanism of the decrement in visual function after sleep deprivation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.74-79
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 한국인'의 정서 연구에 적합한 시각자극의 표준화를 위해서 한국정서사진체계(Korean Affects Picture System: KAPS)의 제작을 수행하면서 얻어진 결과를 간략히 보고하고자 한다. 총 210개의 시각자극 사진을 선정하여 슬라이드로 제작하고, 충남대학교 남녀 대학생 442명 (20-25세)을 대상으로 의미변별척도와 기본정서 평정척도를 사용하여 주관적 정서반응을 측정하였다 의미변별척도 평정치의 요인분석 결과 18개의 양극성 형용사는 3개의, 정서차원, 즉 즐거움, 각성도, 지배성 차원으로 구분되었다. 이는 국제정서사진체계 (IAPS)의 시각자극을 사용하여 미국인을 대상으로 수행한 연구 결과 및 한국인을 대상으로 수행한 연구 결과와 잘 일치하고 있다. KAPS에 포함되는 시각자각 수는 연구가 계속됨에 파라 지속적으로 확대되며, 실험방법 및 각자의 사진에 대한 세 차원(즐거움, 각성도, 통제력) 및 비연속 기본 정서(기쁨. 공포, 슬픔, 혐오, 놀람, 분노)에 관한 주관적 평정치를 포함하는 manual을 제작하여 정서연구자들에게 제공한다. 다른 연구자들에 의해서 얻어진 평정치 자료들도 계속해서 추가 보완될 것이다. 이를 통해서, 안으로 우리 나라에서의 정서 연구방법의 표준화 및 인구성과의 공유화를 위한 토대를 만들 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 2004

The regression analysis and Adaptive -Network based Fuzzy-inference system (ANFIS) were applied to the explanation on human's visual texture of cotton fabrics with 7 mechanical properties. The ANFIS uses the structure with fuzzy membership function and neural network. The results obtained by the statistical analysis through the coefficient of correlation and regression analysis showed that subjective texture had a linear relationship with mechanical properties. But It had a relatively low coefficient of determination and was difficult that the statistical analysis explained other relationship with the exception of a lineality and interaction among mechanical properties. Comparing the statistical analysis, the ANFIS was an effective tool to explain human's non-linear perceptions and their interactions. But to apply ANFIS to human's perceptions more effectively, it is necessary to discriminate effective input variables through controlling the properties of samples.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a math test for identification of the mathematically gifted on the basis of their math creative problem solving ability and to evaluate the goodness of the test. Especially, testing reliability and validity of scoring method on the basis of fluency only for evaluation of math creative problem solving ability was one of the main purposes. Ten closed math problems and 5 open math problems were developed requiring math thinking abilities such as intuitive insight, organization of information, inductive and deductive reasoning, generalization and application, and reflective thinking. The 10 closed math test items of Type I and the 5 open math test items of Type II were administered to 1,032 Grade 7 students who were recommended by their teachers as candidates for gifted education programs. Students' responses were scored by math teachers. Their responses were analyzed by BIGSTEPS and 1 parameter model of item analyses technique. The item analyses revealed that the problems were good in reliability, validity, item difficulty and item discriminating power even when creativity was scored based on the single criteria of fluency. This also confirmed that the open problems which are less-defined, less-structured and non-entrenched were good in measuring math creative problem solving ability of the candidates for math gifted education programs. In addition, it was found that the math creative problem solving tests discriminated applicants for the two different gifted educational institutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.181-185
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• 1998

Recently, research and developmental direction of communication system is concurrent adopting voice data and face image in speaking to provide more higher recognition rate then in the case of only voice data. Therefore, we present a method of lipreading in speech image sequence by using the 3-D facial shape model. The method use a feature information of the face image such as the opening-level of lip, the movement of jaw, and the projection height of lip. At first, we adjust the 3-D face model to speeching face image sequence. Then, to get a feature information we compute variance quantity from adjusted 3-D shape model of image sequence and use the variance quality of the adjusted 3-D model as recognition parameters. We use the intensity inclination values which obtaining from the variance in 3-D feature points as the separation of recognition units from the sequential image. After then, we use discrete HMM algorithm at recognition process, depending on multiple observation sequence which considers the variance of 3-D feature point fully. As a result of recognition experiment with the 8 Korean vowels and 2 Korean consonants, we have about 80% of recognition rate for the plosives and vowels.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.783-788
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• 2002

Recently, research and developmental direction of communication system is concurrent adopting voice data and face image in speaking to provide more higher recognition rate then in the case of only voice data. Therefore, we present a method of lipreading in speech image sequence by using the 3-D facial shape model. The method use a feature information of the face image such as the opening-level of lip, the movement of jaw, and the projection height of lip. At first, we adjust the 3-D face model to speeching face Image sequence. Then, to get a feature information we compute variance quantity from adjusted 3-D shape model of image sequence and use the variance quality of the adjusted 3-D model as recognition parameters. We use the intensity inclination values which obtaining from the variance in 3-D feature points as the separation of recognition units from the sequential image. After then, we use discrete HMM algorithm at recognition process, depending on multiple observation sequence which considers the variance of 3-D feature point fully. As a result of recognition experiment with the 8 Korean vowels and 2 Korean consonants, we have about 80% of recognition rate for the plosives md vowels.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 1999

Recently, research and developmental direction of communication system is concurrent adopting voice data and face image in speaking to provide more higher recognition rate then in the case of only voice data. Therefore, we present a method of lipreading in speech image sequence by using the 3-D facial shape model. The method use a feature information of the face image such as the opening-level of lip, the movement of jaw, and the projection height of lip. At first, we adjust the 3-D face model to speeching face image sequence. Then, to get a feature information we compute variance quantity from adjusted 3-D shape model of image sequence and use the variance quality of the adjusted 3-D model as recognition parameters. We use the intensity inclination values which obtaining from the variance in 3-D feature points as the separation of recognition units from the sequential image. After then, we use discrete HMM algorithm at recognition process, depending on multiple observation sequence which considers the variance of 3-D feature point fully. As a result of recognition experiment with the 8 Korean vowels and 2 Korean consonants, we have about 80% of recognition rate for the plosives and vowels. We propose that usability with visual distinguishing factor that using feature vector because as a result of recognition experiment for recognition parameter with the 10 korean vowels, obtaining high recognition rate.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

The relationships between the ability to understand changes in meaning depending on the prosody of spoken words and the ability to perceive pitch and melodic contour in cochlear implants (CI) recipients were examined. Fifteen postlingual CI recipients were measured in terms of speech prosody perception, speech perception, pitch discrimination (PD), and melody contour identification (MCI). The speech prosody perception test consists of words with positive (PW) and neutral meaning (NW). Participants were asked to identify the meaning of words depending on the conditions of positive and negative prosody. The MCI consists of subtests 1 and 2 with different chance levels to choose. Then, the relationships between speech prosody perception, speech perception, PD, and MCI performance were analyzed. There was a significant difference in identifying the meaning of words expressed in a different prosody between the PW and NW conditions. Speech prosody perception showed a significant correlation with MCI 1 while there was no significant relationship with speech perception. Although speech perception may be possible after CI, limited spoken word comprehension due to decreased sensitivity for prosodic changes may persist in CI recipients. In addition, there was a limitation in perception of melodic contour change compared to pitch discrimination, which is related to speech prosody perception.