• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

Recently, evacuation safety of a resident of building become the major concern, because building has been higher and more complicated. Buildings in Korea should install the natural smoke venting or mechanical smoke exhaust equipment according to the building law. The smoke control is the most important to guarantee the evacuation safety. This study evaluate the influence to the height and temperature of smoke layer by enlarging smoke vent size and operating sprinkler system using CFAST (Version 6). Smoke venting size is larger, the effect to height and temperature of smoke layer is increased in below 5 MW fire. But, the correlation of these is decreased in above 10 MW fire. The case that opened smoke vent and sprinklered are applied, life safety criteria are satisfied regardless of fire size. After design the fire scenario according to the service and size of building. Install the smoke vent suitable for the fire size and verify that by experiment or simulation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.38-50
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• 2022

Purpose: The goal of this research is to create a numerical analytic database that may assist fire prevention managers and building officials in prioritizing items that need to be addressed in order to improve evacuation safety performance while working within a constrained budget and time frame. Method: It was carried out utilizing the CFD Tool, a quantitative evaluation approach, to assess evacuation safety. One direct staircase-type apartment houses and one corridor-type apartment were chosen to make it. Result: In the fire compartment category, Apartment A's evacuation time was around 130 percent longer than that of sprinkler facilities. Conclusion: Fire prevention managers and building officials feel that starting with a single level and implementing "dwelling unit separations" will increase evacuation safety, and that maintaining fire compartments and sprinkler systems at all times will be effective. Because of the limited characteristics of smoke propagation in corridor-type apartments compared to direct staircase-type flats, it is thought that fire extinguishing equipment should be addressed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.52-59
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• 2012

The sprinkler system is regarded as the most effective fire extinguishing system. In this study, we proposed a sprinkler layout optimization framework based on fire simulation and mathematical programming. As a case study, the target space in the form of ordinary residence was set up with the size of $5.2m(L){\times}5.4m(W){\times}2.4m(H)$, and we constructed the fire scenario that polyurethane couch was ignited through carelessness. And we simulated and analyzed fire speed, temperature change and heat release rate according to the type and number of sprinklers installed. Through the formulation of installation and damage costs depending on sprinklers, the sprinkler layout showing optimal performance was resulted from mathematical programming.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.98-108
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the sprinkler performance to protect the wall and ceiling joints of the sandwich panel warehouse in case of fire. Method: Based on the field surveys, test was setup and combustibles were prepared. The sprinkler discharge tests were performed at the corner of the wall and right under the sprinkler head. Results: It has been found that operation of the K-80 closed sprinkler head prevents the ignition of the sandwich panel and therefore no damage to the joints of sandwich panels. To prevent skipping phenomenon, it is necessary to install the sprinkler head from the corner of the wall and to keep a minimum distance of 2.4m and a maximum distance of 3m. Conclution: A Standard Operation Procedure should be prepared to suppress and rescue of fire brigade for a sandwich panel warehouse protected by perimeter sprinklers preventing a ignition of core materials and control fire.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is developing the computer program for hydraulic design sprinkler systems have performed the means for the general use of network analysis method. The computer program is based on the theoretical concepts of the related Hazen-Williams equations, a modified Bernoulli equations, and the Hardy Cross method of pipe network analysis. Looped piping calculations are solved by using either the Hardy Cross method or the other iteration methods. While the other methods are solved using simultaneous equations, the Hardy Cross method is concerned with one loop at a time using reiterative process. Due to its simplicity the Hardy Cross method will be the primary method described in this thesis. The purpose of this study is to develope hydraulic calculation program by using algorithm for network analysis method. The development of computer program for the hydraulic design of sprinkler systems will perform the means in the performance-based sprinkler system design.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.69-75
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• 2014

Recently Amore pacific rack-type warehouse fire broke out and argue an urgent improvement of fire protection design code including automatic sprinkler and detection design. Various type of commodities have their unique fire characteristics from fire spread rate and heat lease rate and fire hazard depends on storage height, rack arrangement, aisle width, fire load etc. With increasing ceiling height for more storage space prevent effective water spray of sprinkler head, also delays detection time causes failure of early suppression. To achieve fire protection code performance of this occupancy, Major code articles relating to a classification of commodity, sprinkler system installation, detection and fire fighting are reviewed and suggested based on fire case analysis, code review between country and field survey.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.69-78
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• 2010

In this study, Fire Hazards were evaluated through computer simulation using FDS program for an apartment fire accident. The results of fire simulation showed that the maximum heat release rate in the case of no sprinklers activation was 7,700 kW which was about 16 times of that in the case of sprinklers activation, 497 kW and there was a very high fire hazard due to the backdraft phenomenon when the door of fire room was forced to open. Regarding the hazard time of fire room temperature and detection time of detectors, available evacuation time was 32.5 seconds of minimum to 53.5 seconds of maximum. In the case of sprinklers activation, fire hazard in the apartment was showed to be very low due to the fire control by the spray cooling of sprinklers. This study shows that what a important function for fire safety is the activations of fire sprinkler system and emergency alarm system and what a large loss can cause if these systems don’t activate in fire accidents.

• Fire Protection Technology
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• s.10
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• pp.9-12
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• 1991

As the present idustry is devolping rapidly, automatic sprinklers continue to play a key role in modern fire protection. But the technical basis and methods of measurement of the thermal response of sprinklers are not studying in our country. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the thermal response characteristics and condition parameters of automatic sprinkler head.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.246-246
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• 2003

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.130-139
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• 2019

The electronics factory fire, that occurred at 15:40 on August 21, 2018, killed nine people and injured six. This study analyzes the causes of many of the casualties from the fire, and is based on fire investigation results and so on. The findings suggest that major causes included failure of the automatic alarm system to function, failure of the emergency broadcasting system to function, the fire suddenly spreading due to polyurethane foam in a ceiling on the 4thfloor, a power outage immediately after the fire started, a sprinkler system that was not working, a delay in reporting the fire, and improper management of fire facilities by a fire safety management company.