• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2014

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute mucocutaneous disorder involving the skin, mouth, eyes, and genital organs. It is classified into EM minor and EM major according to the involvement of the mucosal membrane. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN) belong to EM major. Compared to EM minor, SJS presents with more severe and progressive symptoms, and has a higher mortality rate. Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of EM. We report three cases of EM (two cases of EM minor and one case of SJS) that developed during treatment with oral corticosteroid (deflazacort; $Calcort^{(R)}$) in children with nephrotic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.344-364
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• 2013

Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are immune-complex-mediated hypersensitivity reactions that predominantly involve skin and mucous membranes. Despite the low incidence, both are considered medical emergencies as the mortality rate has been estimated at 30-50%. Although as many as half of cases are idiopathic, several drugs have been implicated as main cause of SJS/TEN. This review therefore aimed to identify drugs that were potentially associated with SJS/TEN and compare the relative risk of the medications. Method: A comprehensive search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and 5 Korean databases. We defined study drugs as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, antiepileptics, and allopurinol. Only epidemiologic studies investigating associations between the above drugs and drug-induced SJS/TEN were included. Two reviewers independently selected and evaluated candidate papers and extracted odds ratios or incidence rates. Meta-analysis was performed only for drugs that were reported from 4 or more studies. Results: We found 8 case-control studies, 3 cohort studies and 1 RCT. The ranges of adjusted ORs were 0.6-34.0 for NSAIDs, 1.6-302.0 for antiepileptics, 0.3-10.0 for antibiotics and 1.0-187.0 for allopurinol. The drug with the highest incidence of SJS/TEN was carbamazepine (40 persons/1,000 DDD). Conclusion: Finally, the risk was highest in first 8 weeks after onset of treatment in all drugs.