• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.3
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• pp.391-398
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• 1997

Present study describes a method on the application of efficient tissue culture systems for the micro-propagation of juvenile and mature sawtooth oak(Quercus acutissima). Nodal segments with axillary buds were used as initial explant sources. WPM(Woody Plant Medium) was the best in growth and proliferation of shoot among the media tested. Although the single effect of zeatin revealed on two dorminant shoot elongation with normal growth until the elevation of levels up to 3.0mg/l, BAP($N^6$-benzyl amino purine) usually showed better response than zeatin on shoot multiplication and/or elongation. In addition, the incorporation of BAP and zeatin onto the culture media represents more effectiveness in shoot proliferation and its growth. Optimum concentrations of BAP and zeatin were 0.5 and 0.05~1.0mg/l, respectively. Ninety percent of the proliferated shoots was rooted on half-strength GD (Gresshoff and Doy, 1972) medium containing 0.5mg/l IBA(indole butyric acid) in 4 weeks after culture. More than 70% of the rooted plantlets survived after 5 months of transplanting into artificial soil mix containing equal amount of peatmoss and perlite. Among 27 plus tree clones which were grafted twice onto the juvenile rootstocks, only 4 clones revealed the possibility for shoot multiplication through tissue culture system. The capacity for the micropropagation using mature explant sources was highly depended on clonal differences compared with those of octet age. More than 90% of rooting ratio was obtained from the best responding clone. Among the 7 rooting media tested, GD medium was the best far rooting. The most effective rooting was obtained on half-strength GD medium containing 0.2 to 2.0mg/l IBA. More than 60% of rooted plantlets survived after 5 months of transplanting into the artificial soil mix.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.127-141
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• 1995

The distribution of water mass in Deukryang Bay was investigated using observational data obtained on July 12 (spring tide) and 19 (neap tide) in 1994. In characteristics of water mass at the bay the area is divided into three ones by a vertical attenuation coefficient k and a stratification parameter, log sub (10) (H/U super (3)), was H is depth, and U mean velocity in the bay. The contour of k=0.6 has a similar distribution to the isobath of 10m depth in spring tide, and of 5m depth in neap tide, respectively. This indicates that the water mass in the area between the isobath of 5m and 10m depth is changed by tidal periods. The stratification parameter corresponding to k=0.6 was 2.1~2.2. In the shallow water of 5m depth the characteristics of water mass was distributed in temperature of 25.5~31.$0^{\circ}C$ and salinity of 32.8~33.8PSU(Practical Salinity Unit), the temperature was high and the salinity distributed widely. In the deep water of 10m depth it was the temperature of 22.0~29.5$^{\circ}C$ and the salinity of 33.0~33.6PSU, the temperature was low and the salinity distributed narrowly. In the middle depth water of 5m to 10m depth, the temperature of 22.0~30.$0^{\circ}C$ and the salinity of 32.8~33.5PSU, its values showed the middle between the values of the deep area and the values of the shallow area.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.267-283
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• 2003

This study reviewed the prisoners' dietary lift status under the world panics and Japanese food shortage based on the data of the 1920~1930's prisons' main dish supplies in Chosun, Shinchu boys' prison in Taiwan, Franue correction center in France and Moabit detention house in Germany. 1. The status of main dish food supply of Chosun prisons in 1920~1930's was as follows: 1) Meals were provided with 12 rates depending on the working activities. There were big differences in energy supply between 1$^{st}$ rate of 6045.0 ㎉ in the Mockpo prison and 12$^{th}$ rate of 1855.8 ㎉ in the Masan prison in accordance with the grain supply ratio and the diet rates. 2) The average ratio of energy provided with protein, fat and carbohydrate(PFC ratio) was 20.0: 20.2: 59.8. The supplies of protein and fat were relatively high because main dish was mostly composed of soybean. The soybean was used in 20 ~60％ of main dish in prisons except Gaesung. 3) It was estimated that PFC ratio(8.3: 8.1 : 83.6) in Gaesung boys' prison was not appropriate for growing boys because the soybean supply was low. 2. The overall comparison of nutrition supply of prisons in Chosun, Taiwan, France and Germany was as follows: 1) The daily supplies of energy in Keongsung prison was 3966.5 ㎉, of which the PFC ratio was 18.9: 16.6: 64.5. This showed that the PFC ratio seemed to be balanced, even though the total amount of energy is too high and the ratios of protein and fat were somewhat high and somewhat low, respectively. 2) The main dish of the Taiwan boys' prison was provided with 6 rates and the side dish in the from of weekly cycle menu. The energy intakes from 1$^{st}$ rate of 2862.9 ㎉ to 6$^{th}$ rate of 1388.9 ㎉ were not quite enough for growing boys. It was estimated that the amounts of protein and fat taken were small but the quality was not that bad because animal protein such as protein small fish and fried tofu were supplied. 3) In the French Frenue correction center and the German Moabit detention house, the daily total amounts of energy were 2771.3 ㎉ and 2678.7 ㎉, respectively, which was estimated as appropriate compared with standard energy amount of 3000 ㎉ at that time and the current energy RDA of 2500 ㎉ for adult. The ratio of PFC was 16.2: 12.0: 71.8 in Frenue correction center and 12.4: 14.3: 73.3 in Moabit detention house, which showed that the amount of fat was slightly lacked. From this study, it was suggested that the prisons in Chosun and Taiwan under the Japanese rule and European prisons after the world panic were making an efforts to supply prisoners the appropriate amount of energy. The only question remains is that this data may be from only the food supply plan not from the data the prisoners took in real.eal.

• Landscaping Tree
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• s.111
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• pp.27-31
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• 2009

여름철을 꽃으로 아름답게 장식하는 나무는 그리 많지 않은데, 그 중에서도 꽃, 잎, 수피, 수형 등 어느 한군데 나무랄 데 없는 나무가 있으니 바로 배롱나무속 식물들이다. 배롱나무속(Lagerstroemia)은 부처꽃과(Lythraceae)의 작거나 큰 나무로서 동남 아시아와 호주에 걸쳐 약 50여종이 분포하고 있다. 속명인 Lagerstroemia는 Linne의 친구인 스웨덴의 Magnus von Lagestrom(1696$\sim$1759)에서 유래되었다.

• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.20-24
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• 2016

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.106-109
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• 2008

• Landscaping Tree
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• s.104
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• pp.22-25
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• 2008

층층나무는 층층나무과에 속하며 중국, 일본에도 분포한다. 추위에 비교적 강하며 공원 및 도시 주변의 조경수나 가로수로 적당한 수종이라 할 수 있다. 특히 5월에 무리지어 피는 백색의 꽃은 많은 밀원을 갖고 있으며 층이진 우산형의 수형은 자연이 준 목탑의 심벌 같다. 비교적 병해충에 강한 수종으로 알려져 있으나 최근 황다리독나방의 피해가 많이 나타나 피해를 주고 있어 생태 및 방제법을 간략하게 기술하고 그 외 몇몇 해충에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.238-238
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• 2009

• Landscaping Tree
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• s.118
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• pp.31-33
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• 2010

국제화 시대에 대비한 조경수 생산기술개발은 어떠한 방향으로 이루어질 것인가? 조경수를 연구하고 있는 본인에게도 어려운 질문 중에 하나이다. 무엇보다도 국내의 조경수 생산기술 및 유통체계가 구축되지 않아 총체적인 문제점을 지니고 있기 때문이다. 이에 따라 현시점에서 국제화 시대에 대비하는 것이 우선적으로 나무의 수형, 비배관리, 수종선택이 필요하다.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.50
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• pp.35-44
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• 1997

화산동굴은 흔히 용암동굴, 용암터널 등으로 불려지고 있다. 흔히 화산활동의 작용에 의하여 이루어진 동굴인데 엄격히 구분하면 화산동굴은 용암굴, 용암수형, 화구 등으로 세분되고 있으니 그 대부분이 용암동굴이고 그 규모도 크기 때문에 화산동굴은 용암굴로 불리고 있다. 이와 같은 화산동굴은 우리나라에서는 그 대부분이 제주도에 극한 분포되고 있다.(중략)