• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

A moat is a pond or waterway paved on the outside of a fortress that is one of the facilities to prevent enemy from approaching the fortress wall or classify it as the boundary space, and this study was undertaken to find out the characteristics of the moat that was existed in the East and the West from ancient time to medieval time with the following result. First, the moat in the East was installed of natural moat and artificial moat at the same time while the moat in the West had the fortress built in naturally advantageous site to use natural most substantially more. Second, the moats of Korea were smaller in scale compared to other countries (Japan, China and the Western countries). Third, the fortresses in the East were built to protect towns or royal palace while the West had the fortress to protect the residence of kings, lords, great wealthy persons and the like, and they were used jointly with the natural moat and artificial moat to defend against the infiltration of enemy. Fourth, the Pungsujiri in the Orient is one of the numerous ideologies forming the supplementary ideologic system of Korean people that could not be denied as the perception that influences on Korean people after the Silla Dynasty, and this Pungsujiri was considered when determining the location of the castle. The moat surrounding the castle had the role to keep the good energy in the castle from escaping away. Fifth, the Ha-Ha technique in the west was designed to prevent the external power from infiltration by digging the ditch on the place applicable to the boundary of the garden site, rather than the fence. While walking around along the water-side path without knowing the existence of this ditch, when the road is discovered with the cut off in the ditch, people had the exclamation without actually recognizing such astonishment. It was originally the dike for military purpose during the medieval time that was designed to look into the garden without physical boundary surrounded with the vertical fence in the garden that by having the deep ditch like shape on the boundary line of the garden which was designed to form the farm by preventing various types of cattle from coming inside the garden and bring in the garden element for farms, forestry, agricultural land and the like.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.92.2-92.2
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• 2015

Negative-AND (NAND) flash의 대용량 및 소형화로 인해 10 nm급 공정을 도입한 128 Gb NAND flash가 개발된 이래, 공정이 미세화되면서 셀이 작이지고 간격이 좁아지게 되었다. 이로 인해 전자가 누설되는 간섭현상이 심화되게 된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 기존 NAND의 평면 구조를 수직으로 적층하는 3D NAND 기술이 개발되었으며 차세대 소자를 위한 필수 기술로 각광받고 있다. 3D NAND에서 channel hole etching시 고 선택 비의 중요도가 증가하여 증착막 보호 역할을 하는 hardmask의 두께가 증가하게 되었으며 기존 하드마스크 대비 내식각성이 2배 이상 향상된 hard material 개발이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 dopant에 따른 amorphous carbon layer (ACL)의 etch rate의 변화량을 Raman spectroscopy등의 측정장비를 이용하여 비교분석 하였다. dopant의 각각 유량별에 대한 etch rate 변화의 영향성을 비교하였다. dopant의 유량에 따라 etch rate이 변화하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 2000 sccm 이후에는 etch rate이 급격히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Raman 측정결과, etch rate의 감소에 따라 G-peak의 red shift가 발생하였으며 두 peak 간의 차이 값이 etch rate의 변화율과 유사한 경향을 보이는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2014

For accurate gain tuning of the lab-manufactured six-axis articulated robot RS2 with less noise, in this study, a program routine using dynamic signal analyzer, which is a realization of a controller design algorithm in the frequency domain, is programmed using LabVIEW$^{(R)}$. The contribution of this paper is the proposal of a simulation technique based on SolidWorks$^{(R)}$ and LabVIEW$^{(R)}$ for the gain tuning of a six-axis articulated robot. To realize the simulation, the LabVIEW$^{(R)}$ program used for experimental gain tuning is incorporated in to SolidWorks$^{(R)}$. A comparison shows that the results of simulation-based gain tuning and experimental gain tuning are almost the same within a 5% error bound. On the basis of the comparison, it can be suggested that the simulation-based technique for gain tuning can be applied instead of experimental gain tuning to a six-axis articulated robot by interlocking SolidWorks$^{(R)}$ and LabVIEW$^{(R)}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.318-324
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• 2014

Recent years have witnessed a growing demand for a wide variety of high-performance industrial robots. In this paper, for accurate gain tuning of a 6-axis articulated industrial robot with reduced noise, a program routine for a dynamic signal analyzer (DSA) using the frequency response method will be programmed using $LabVIEW^{(R)}$. Then, robot transfer functions can be obtained experimentally using the frequency response method with the DSA program. Data from the robot transfer functions are transformed into Bode plots, based on which an optimal gain tuning will be executed. Gain tuning can enhance the response quality of the output signal for a given input signal during real-time control of the robot. The effectiveness of our proposed technique will be verified by implementation with a (lab-manufactured) 6-axis articulated industrial robot (hereinafter called "RS2") and comparison with the zero position gain tuning, as well as other positions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.2015-2018
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• 2005

In this paper, we are willing to prepare the reasonable optimization, Combinatorial Optimization and Genetic Algorithm. Thus we define position status of end-effect (or terminative link module) using promised form, (G, M(G), A(G), and so on.). For this preparing step, the reorganizing procedure of Link and Joint Module is necessary, like as enumerating the kinematically identical assembly group of several links and joints. Thus, we draw a G, directed graph in a first step. Because, directed graph contains the path information between adjacent Link Module and Joint Module. From the directed graph,G, we can incite the Incidence Matrix, M(G). The incidence matrix, M(G), contains the contact information of the Link (Joint) Module and the type of Link (Joint). At the end of this paper, we generalize the modular information as a matrix form, A(G). From this matrix, we can make a population of assembly status. That is the finial output of this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2009

Maglev guideway is expected to be a new public transportation for future because of its environmental and special characteristics. Recently, Korean government initiated an urban maglev project to build a commercial line in Incheon International Airport by year 2012. For practical use of UTM02, it is essential not only to verify the performances of the vehicle but also to formulate the design rules of Maglev Guideway. In this paper, maglev guideway is analyzed by Finite Element Method and then obtained dynamic characteristics such as displacements, acceleration and impact factor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.327-333
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• 2015

As industrial robots come into wider use, their control techniques are being developed along with enhancements in their performance. Specially, the dynamic performance of a 6-axis articulated industrial robot is greatly changed according to the position and orientation of the robot. This means that the PI parameter tuning of the robot and orientation of the robot. This mconsidering the dynamic characteristics of robot mechanism. In this study, $LabView^{(R)}$ programming was applied to automatically conduct parameter scheduling for various robot motions. Using forward and inverse kinematics of RS2, we can divide the working envelope of RS2 into 24 subspaces. We then conduct the gain-tuning according to each subspace. Finally, we program the actual gain scheduling, in which the optimized gain-tuning for each subspace to be passed should be changed for various robot motions using $LabView^{(R)}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.113-118
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• 2017

As the demand for industrial robots and Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) increases, higher performance is also required from them. Fuzzy controllers, as part of an intelligent control system, are a direct control method that leverages human knowledge and experience to easily control highly nonlinear, uncertain, and complex systems. This paper uses a $LabVIEW^{(R)}-based$ fuzzy controller with gain scheduling to demonstrate better performance than one could obtain with a fuzzy controller alone. First, the work area was set based on forward kinematics and inverse kinematics programs. Next, $LabVIEW^{(R)}$ was used to configure the fuzzy controller and perform the gain scheduling. Finally, the proposed fuzzy gain scheduling controller was compared with to controllers without gain scheduling.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2002

This paper proposed a recognition method of english calling card using both 4-directed contour tracking algorithm and enhanced ART1 algorithm. After we extract candidate character string region using horizontal smearing and 4-directed contour tracking method, we extract character string region through comparison of character region and non-character region using horizontal and vertical ratio and area in english calling card. In extracted character string region, we extract each character using horizontal smearing and contour tracking algorithm, and recognize each character by enhanced ART1 algorithm. The proposed ART1 algorithm is enhanced by dynamic control of similarity using fuzzy sum connective operator. The result indicate that the proposed method is superior in performance.

• Proceedings of the Mineralogical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2003

포천-기산리 일대에 분포하는 쥬라기의 대보화강암류의 변형정도를 결정하기 위해 석영의 파동소광의 강도(IWE : Intensity of Wavy Extinction)를 편광현미경, 디지털 카메라, NIH Image로 측정하였다. 파동소광이 나타나는 석영입자의 한 부분이 편광현미경 상에서 최대 소광이 될 때 IWE를 측정하고, 이 때 나타나는 파동소광의 아입자경계에 수직한 방향으로 측정을 시도하였다 본 연구에 사용된 NIH Image는 파동소광을 보여주는 각 부분의 광도를 256단계의 흑백 농담변화로 나타낼 수 있다. 이를 이용하여 측정 길이에 대한 농담변화로 IWE를 구하였다. 이렇게 획득한 IWE를 5$^{\circ}$ 단위로 묶어 돗수분포표로 처리하였으며, 자료의 분포특성상 히스토그램의 최빈값과 중간값 사이의 중간값을 그 암석의 대표 IWE로 정의하였다. 이를 다시 5단계의 변형대(무변형, 저변형, 중변형, 고변형, 최고변형)와 각각의 변형지수(D1, D2, D3, D4, D5)로 묶었다. 본 연구지역에 분포하는 화강암류는 흑운모화강암(Gb), 동부의 석류석흑운모화강암(Ggb) 그리고 북부의 복운모화강암(Gtm)으로 구성되어 있는 바 본 연구에는 크게 포천읍을 기준으로 서부에 분포하는 Gb와 동부에 분포하는 Ggb에서 파동소광의 강도 측정이 이루어 졌다. 연구결과 Gb는 D2 이하의 낮은 변형도가 나타났고, Ggb는 D3이상의 고변형이 나타나, 전반적으로 조사지역의 북서부에서 남동부로 갈수록 변형도가 증가하는 양상을 보여주었다.