• Title/Summary/Keyword: 수세척

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Treatment Characteristics of Rapid filtration Process treating Secondary Clarifier Effluent for Wastewater Reuse (처리수 재이용을 위한 최종침전지 유출수의 급속여과공정 처리특성)

  • Han, Dong-U
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.213-220
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    • 2002
  • This reserch was focused upon experimental study for wastewater reuse and conducted to evaluate optimum operating conditions of rapid filtration process such as filter flow rate, filtration time and backwashing condition for reuse of secondary-treated effluent using the pilot plant installed in real wastewater treatment plant. Also, the experiment on treatment char-acteristics of coagulant-added activated sludge process was performed to compare with activated sludge succeeded to rapid filtration. As the filtration velocity was 100m/day, the filtration time of the rapid filter connected with activated sludge system was revealed to 40 hours. Backwashing of filter was conducted by water wash and air scour. The optimum backwashing time and backwash flow rate were 10min and 10LPM, respectively. The quantity of backwashing water of the rapid filter was about 2% of total treated water.

Optimization of Operation and Backwashing Condition for an Upflow Stormwater Filtration System Utilizing Ceramic Media (세라믹 여재를 활용한 상향류식 여과형 비점오염저감시설의 최적 운전 및 역세척 조건)

  • Hwang, Yuhoon;Seo, Younggyo;Kim, Hyowon;Roh, Kunwan;Shin, Hyunsang;Kim, Dogun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.39 no.8
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    • pp.478-488
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    • 2017
  • Stormwater filtration is widely used for the urban runoff treatment. However, intensive maintenance and lack of information about the performance have resulted in an increased need of proper evaluation. In this study, the performance of an upflow stormwater runoff filtration system, consisting of a supporting unit and a filtration unit filled with a ceramic media, was investigated. The maximum head loss increase was about 3 cm under the suspended solid (SS) load of $30kg/m^2$ and the SS removal was more than 96%, when the filtration velocity was 20-40 m/h. The head loss and the porosity of the media can successfully be described by a power model. It was confirmed that the a significant amount of SS can effectively be removed at supporting unit, minimizing SS load to the filter media bed. Several backwashing strategies have been tested to establish the optimum condition. It was found that the stagnant water discharge is important to minimize the SS release immediately after backwashing. Also, the filter bed loaded with $400-450kg/m^2$ SS can almost completely be washed to reduce the head loss to the that of empty bed. The results in this study indicate that the upflow ceramic media filter is an excellent alternative to stormwater treatment, with high SS removal and long lifespan.

Study on Discharge Electrode Design applied for Road Tunnel (터널용 전기집진시스템 개발을 위한 방전극 설계)

  • Kim, Jong-Ryul;Weon, Jong-Oung;Jang, Chun-Man
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2009.06a
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    • pp.1238-1243
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    • 2009
  • As Social Overhead Capital(SOC) has been expanded, the highway road construction has been accelerated and city road system has been more complicated. So, long road tunnels have been increased and traffic flow rate also has been raised. Accordingly, the exhausting gas of vehicle cars seriously deteriorates the tunnel inside air quality and driving view. In order to improve tunnel inside air quality, it is needed to introduce a compulsory ventilation system as well as natural ventilation mechanism. The former, that is, a special compulsory ventilation facility is very useful and helpful to prevent a tunnel of being contaminated by traffic in most case. In the case of obtaining clearer and longer driving view, the ventilation systems have to be considered in order to remove floating contaminants or exhaust gas from engines. In this paper, discharge electrode design technology will be discussed.

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Recovery and Utilization of Proteins and Lipids from Washing Wastewater in Marine Manufacture by Isoelectric Point Precipitation Method 1. The Coagulation Treatment for Washing Wastewatfr of Minced Mackerel Meat (수산가공공장 폐액의 등전점 침전처리에 의한 유용성분 재회수 이용 1. 고등어 육 고기풀 제조시 발생되는 폐액의 처리장치 개발)

  • 서재수;조순영
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1995
  • A lot of water soluble proteins and lipids are released from minced mackerel meat and lost into the washing waste during the leaching process of Kamaboko or surimi manufacture. The removed proteins and lipids are not only an edible things but also a big burden for treating the wastewater. In order to recover the proteins from the effluent and to use as food stuff, the "pH-shifting" treatment, a modified isoelectric point precipitation method, was tried. This method is based on a myogen-aggregation phenomenon, which occurs when a solution of sarcoplasmic proteins is acidified or alkalified beyond the critical pH zone of 2∼3 or 12∼13 respectively and then neutralized. The maximum amount of precipitation was obtained by shifting the pH of the wastewater from original pH to isoelectric point (pH 4) or alkali pH 12 and then changing to neutral pH. The precipitates were easily collected by filteration or centrifuging at 10,000rpm. The oils which were only floating in the washing wastewater are easily recovered by seperating with oil separator after pouring. The recovered proteins were slightly denaturated during this pH shifting precipitation process, while the composition of amino acids was good balance as a food.

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참깨의 수세 후 탈수 정도에 따른 참깨 볶음 조건과 참기름 품질 영향 비교

  • 모승영;이우진;은종방
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.153-153
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    • 2003
  • 우리나라와 일본에서 특유의 향미로 인해 오래 전부턴 조미식품으로 애용되었던 참기름은 최근 토코페롤과 세사몰류 항산화 성분의 인체 기능성으로 인해 유지시장에 서 더욱 증가일로에 있다. 지금까지 좋은 향미와 품질을 지닌 참기름을 얻기 위해 참깨의 roasting조건에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔으나, 가공 전처리인 이물질 제거를 위한 수세 작업 및 탈수 작업에 관한 연구는 아직까지 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이물질을 제거하는 수세 작업을 한 후 수분의 제거 정도 즉, 참깨가 roasting 과정으로 들어가기 직전의 수분 함량이 참기름의 제조와 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 시료 350g을 수세 후 24 hr, 48 hr, 120 hr 실온에서 송풍 건조를 시켜 참깨 자체의 수분 함량을 각각 17.14%, 11.78%, 6.08%로 조절하여 착유하였다. 수분함량이 다른 세 군 시료를 각기 24$0^{\circ}C$, 26$0^{\circ}C$, 28$0^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 roasting하여 착유된 참기름에 대해 이화학적 품질 특성을 알기 위해 seed와 oil의 색도, 산가, 과산화물가, TBA가, 점도와 굴절률을 측정하였다. 또한, sample single test(5점 척도)를 이용한 관능검사를 행하여 benny, nutty, burnt flavor 및 전체적 만족도와 향의 강도 항목을 조사한 후 상관분석을 실시하였다. roasted sesame seed와 oil에 대해 색도를 측정하고 분산 분석을 실시한 결과, 참깨의 색도 중 L*가 R-suare=1로서 전체 자료가 모형을 잘 설명해줌을 의미하는데, 고수분 시료일수록 whiteness가 높게 나왔고(60이상), 고온일수록 미미한 감소가 나타났다. 이것은 수분함량이 시료의 건화속도에 요인자로 작용함을 말해준다. oil의 L*도 마찬가지 경향을 보이나 고수분 시료구의 경우(40 이상), 타 시료구(20이하)에 비해 백색도가 높은 것을 볼 수 있어 볶음에 더 많은 시간을 투자해야 함을 보여주었다. 그러나 a*와b*는 시료구간 뚜렷한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 참기름에 대하여 화학적 품질 평가로 산가는 수분함량 시료구별로 1.204, 3.28, 1.862가 측정되었고, 과산화물가는 0.493, 0.169, 0.315가 기록되었고, TBA가 또한 13.45, 10.27, 11.73로서 시료의 수분 함량과 상관없이 초기 산패 경향은 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 참기름의 물리적 품질요소로서 점도는 평균 85.57 cS, 굴절률은 평균 1.471로서 시험구간 이화학적 차이는 없는 것으로 드러났다. 관능검사결과의 상관분석에서는 beany와 burnt flavor간에 -0.9975(p<0.05)의 음상관을, nutty flavor와 전체favor간에 0.99662의 양상관(p$\leq$0.05)을 보였고, burnt와 향의 strength, 전체 favor와 nutty flavor간에도 상관성이 높았다. strength와 nutty 항목간에도 0.982의 높은 상관을 보였으나 전체 favor와 burnt 항목간에는 높은 음상관(-0.9862)을 보였다. 고수분 함량의 시료는 28$0^{\circ}C$의 고온 처리시 외에는 향미가 좋지 못한 것으로 나타났고, 수분량이 적은 실험구는 고온일수록 향과 고소함은 강해지나 수분 보유량이 적어 타 실험구에 비해 탄내가 많이 발생하였다. 향미 만족도는 중간 수분량, 26$0^{\circ}C$ 볶음 처리구가 가장 컸다. 결론적으로 수분함량을 10~12%로 조절한 시료로 26$0^{\circ}C$~28$0^{\circ}C$에서 20분 이내로 roasting할 때가 좋은 참기름을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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Optimization of Enzymatic Treatment for the Production of Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein (가수분해 식물성 단백질의 효소적 생산을 위한 효소 반응 시스템의 최적화)

  • Chae, Hee-Jeong;In, Man-Jin;Kim, Min-Hong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.1125-1130
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    • 1997
  • The effects of enzyme combination, pH, acid washing and enzyme treatment sequence were investigated in the hydrolysis of soy protein. Comparing Alcalase vs. Neutrase/Alcalase, it appeared that Neutrase/Alcalase was more efficient than Alcalase alone, as the highest degree of hydrolysis (DH) was seen in Neutrase/Alcalase. A surprisingly high DH (more than 60%) was observed with Flavourzyme in the second hydrolysis. The separation of insolubles from the first hydrolysis had little effect on the second hydrolysis. When the washing water from the first hydrolysis was reused in the next hydrolysis, the DH and protein recovery were increased. The addition of calcium ion showed not so much positive effects by the stabilization of Neutrase on the Protein hydrolysis. The use of carbohydrase and repeated acid washing gave positive effects on DH. The simultaneous treatment using endoprotease and exoprotease with pH adjustment improved DH significantly.

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Improvement of Dry-blasting Efficiency for Ballast used as Aggregate of Paved Track (포장궤도 골재용 도상자갈의 건식 블라스팅 효율 향상 연구)

  • Lee, Il-Wha
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.78-83
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    • 2010
  • On the paved track, the ballast is used as aggregate for the filling layer using the pre-packed concrete technique. The most important condition of aggregate is adhesive strength with mortar. To satisfy this condition, surface of aggregate should be cleaned by water or others. In a paved-track method to be introduced domestically, an environment-friendly dry-washing technology which will replace the water-washing method has been developed. A dry-washing method was designed to blast the crushed weight material with a diameter of 0.3~0.5mm at high pressure to peel the surface of the aggregate. The study was intended to enhance the washing efficiency of dry-blasting technology and to that end, the tests including blasting material, content of fine aggregate depending on time elapsed, content of chloride, LA abrasion rate and compressive strength were conducted to recommend the efficient washing material and the process.

Recovery of Cobalt from Synthetic Leaching Solution of Manganese Nodule Matte by Solvent Extraction-electrowinning (용매추출-전해채취법에 의한 망간단괴 매트상 모의 침출용액으로부터 코발트 회수)

  • Kim, Hyun-Ho;Nam, Chul-Woo;Park, Kyung-Ho;Yoon, Ho-Sung;Kim, Min-Seuk;Kim, Chul-Joo;Park, Sang-Woon
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2016
  • A scale up tests (380 kg/day) using a continuous solvent extraction and electro-winning system was carried out to separate and recover cobalt from a solution containing 1.91 g/L Co and 14.65 g/L Ni. The solution was obtained during a process including solvent extraction and precipitation stages for removal of Cu and Fe from a synthetic sulfuric acid solution of manganese nodule matte. The optimal condition for solvent extraction was : solvent concentration of 0.22M Na-Cyanex 272 (45% saponified with NaOH) and O:A phase ratios of 1:1.5, 10:1 and 1.5:1 used in extraction, scrubbing and stripping stages, respectively. The extraction and stripping efficiencies were found to be 99.8% and 99.88%, respectively. The stripped solution contained 40.27 g/L Co with 4 ppm Ni. Cobalt metal of 99.963% purity was yielded with current efficiency of 67% and current density of $0.563A/dm^2$ during the electro-winning process.

Effects of Taeumin, Soeumin and Soyangin Prescriptions on the Adipocyte Induced by Gold Thioglucose in the Rat (태(太)·소음인(少陰人), 소양인(少陽人)의 처방(處方)이 Gold thioglucose로 유발(誘發)된 백서(白鼠)의 비만병(肥滿病)에 미치는 효과(效果))

  • Kim, Kyung-Yo
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.295-317
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    • 1996
  • It is researched to elucidate the effects of Taeumjowuitang(TE,太陰調胃湯), Sibimikwanjungtang(SE, 十二味寬中湯) and Yangkeogsanwhatang(SY,凉膈散火湯) on the obesity induced by gold thioglucose and the differentiation and growth of preadipocyte 3T3-L1 in the mouse. The result were as follows: 1. TE,SE and SY extracts improved the blood level of transaminase in the obese mouse induced by gold thioglucose. 2. TE,SE and SY extracts inhibited the increase of liver fat and body fat in the obese mouse induced by gold thioglucose. 3. TE,SE and SY extracts inhibited the increase of body weight in the obese mouse induced by gold thioglucose. 4. TE,SE and SY extracts inhibited the growth of undifferentiate preadipocyte 3T3-L1. 5. TE,SE and SY extracts showed inhibitory effect on the differentiation of preadipocyte 3T3-L1. The above results suggest that the TE,SE and SY extracts may be used on the obesity induced by the overgrowth and differentiation of adipocyte, and the accumulation of fat in liver and body.

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