• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.819-825
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• 2002

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of sea tangle extracts on the excretion of neutral steroids and bile acid in diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on AIN-76 based experimental diets containing methanol extracts (2%, w/w) or water extracts (4%, w/w) of sea tangle for 4 weeks. And then they were induced to be diabetic by receiving streptozotocin (45 mg/kg BW) intramuscularly. The dried fecal weight was increased significantly in water extracts group compared with control group. The fecal content of cholesterol was higher in extracts groups of sea tangle than in control group. But there was no significant difference in fecal excretion of cholesterol between methanol and water extracts groups. The fecal excretion of coprostanol was increased significantly in water extracts group compared with the control group. The fecal excretion of bile acid was increased significantly in sea tangle extracts groups compared to the control group. These data suggest that dietary supplementation of sea tangle extracts might reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis through increasing the excretion of neutral steroids.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 2006

Recently, B. mori proteins such as silk fibroin and silk sericin have been found to have a water-holding capacity, anti hydrogen peroxide toxicity, antioxidant activity and tyrosinase-inhibitory activity (Yeo 2006, Kurioka 1999 & 2004), implying its potential usefulness of the application for cosmetic and functional food(Yamazaki 1999 & Une 2000). We are tried to application for dietary resources of B. mori silk fibroin and sericin that were prepared to some of different molecular cutting these resources by preparative recycling HPLC system. In our studies with rats have demonstrated that consumption of these silk proteins are being prevents constipation effect and it is maybe enhances intestinal absorption of water and dietary effects. These some of useful results further suggest a usefulness of sericin as dietary resources for health.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.455-459
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• 2008

This study examined the effects of Bulnesia sarmienti ethanol extract on lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley rats were induced with diabetes mellitus by injecting STZ (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein, and were then divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, and three experimental diabetic groups. The rats were fed a basal diet along with B. sarmienti ethanol extract for 8 weeks. According to the results, after 8 weeks of consuming the experimental diets, the body weights and food efficiency ratios of the B. sarmienti ethanol extract-fed groups were not different from those of the control group. However, the concentrations of plasma total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly lower in the B. sarmienti ethanol extract groups as compared to those of the control group. Although a blood glucose control effect was not observed after the eight weeks of B. sarmienti ethanol extract treatment in this type-l diabetes model, it was discovered that the experimental diets were highly effective at lowering levels of serum lipids, including triglycerides, total-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2013

The preventive actions of methanol extracts from Ribes diacanthum Pall. (RDP) against high blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice were investigated. ICR mice (male, 8 wks) were divided into four experimental groups: a normal group (N), an alloxan-induced group (control), a RDP 1 mg/kg b.w./day + alloxan group (RDP-1) and a RDP 3 mg/kg b.w./day + alloxan group (RDP-2). Mice were fed RDP extracts for 14 days and then a diabetic condition induced by injecting alloxan (50 mg/kg b.w. i.v.). The total phenolic contents of RDP were 0.508 mg/g. Plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in RDP groups (RDP+alloxan) than the control (alloxan-induced diabetic group). In an oral glucose tolerance test, the glucose levels of RDP extract groups were significantly decreased compared to the control group. The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen in serum were lower in the RDP groups than the control group, whereas levels of HDL-cholesterol showed no difference between treatment groups. We conclude that RDP extracts positively influence blood glucose levels in diabetic mice.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of depth of sawdust bedding and ground material in dairy cattle barn. Treatment included the concrete floor with a 10cm or 30cm sawdust and the earth floor with a 30cm sawdust. Eighteen cows were assigned to 3 pens with 16.5㎥/head bedding area. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The temperature of sawdust bed was highest in the earth floor with 30cm sawdust, and the moisture content of sawdust bed was highest in the concrete floor with 10cm sawdust bed. 2. Cows defecate feces 9.2, 8.7 and 9.3 times a day in 10cm sawdust on concrete floor(10S+C), 30cm sawdust on concrete floor(30S+C) and 30cm sawdust on non concrete floor(30S+ NC) respectively. In average, they excreta 9.1 times/day(85.8%) in the sawdust beds and 1.5 times/day(14.2%) in the feeding alley. 3. The ratio of daily water amount deposited vapor to total water amount deposited in sawdust beds was 74.0%, 61.5% and 47.1% in 10S+C, 30S+C and 30S+NC respectively. 4. N.P.K contents in the sawdust beds were higher for 10S+C compared with other treatments. 5. When 30cm of sawdust was applied on the earth ground NO$_3$-N contents in the sawdust bed was 37.7, 14.1 and 15.0ppm in depth of 30, 60 and 90cm under the ground, respectively, indicating some possibility of water pollution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.600-607
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the repeated-dose toxicity of Leuconostoc citreum GR1 (Leuc. citreum GR1), a lactic acid bacterium isolated from kimchi, in male and female rats. Sprague-Dawley male and female rats were divided into four group (ten animals in each group) and Leuc. citreum GR1 was administered daily by gavage to rats at dosage levels of 0, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg/kg/day for four weeks. There were no bacterial-related deaths or abnormal clinical signs in either gender of rats during the observation period. Furthermore, no differences were found between the control and treatment groups in terms of body weight, food intake, and water consumption. Hematological parameters, serum biochemical analysis, and histopathological examination also showed insignificant dose-dependent alterations. There were also no alterations in organ weights upon administration of Leuc. citreum GR1 alone. These results suggest the oral application of Leuc. citreum GR1, up to a dosage level of 2,000 mg/kg, causes no adverse effects in both male and female rats.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.394-403
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the four-week repeated-dose toxicity of the crude antifungal compounds produced by Lactobacillus plantarum AF1 (Lb. plantarum AF1), a lactic acid bacterium isolated from kimchi, in male and female rats. Sprague-Dawley male and female rats were divided into four groups, with 10 animals in each group. The test article was administered once daily by gavage to rats at dosage levels of 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg/day for four weeks. There were no test-article-related deaths or abnormal clinical signs in both the male and female rats during the observation period. Furthermore, no differences in the body weight changes, food intake and water consumption levels of the control and treatment groups were found. The hematological parameters, serum biochemical analysis results, histopathological examination results and all other findings also showed no significant or dose-dependent changes. There were also no changes in the organ weights upon the administration of the crude antifungal compounds produced by Lb. plantarum AF1. These results suggest that the oral administration of the crude antifungal compounds produced by Lb. plantarum AF1 had no adverse effects up to a dosage level of 2,000 mg/kg in both male and female rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.612-620
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the 4-week repeated-dose toxicity of $Lactobacillus$ $plantarum$ AF1 ($Lb.$ $plantarum$ AF1), a lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi, in male and female rats. Sprague-Dawley male and female rats were divided into four groups, with 10 animals in each group. The test article was administered once daily by gavage to rats at dosage levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg/day for 4-weeks. There were no test articlerelated deaths or abnormal clinical signs in either gender of rat during the observation period. Furthermore, no differences were found between the control and treatment groups in terms of body weight changes, food intake, and water consumptions. Hematological parameters, serum biochemical analysis, and any other findings also showed no significant or dose-dependent alterations. There were no alterations in organ weights upon administration of $Lb.$ $plantarum$ AF1. These results suggest that there were no adverse effects of oral application of $Lb.$ $plantarum$ AF1 up to a dosage level of 2.0 g/kg in both male and female rats.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2007

Sawdust biofiltration is an emerging bio-technology for control of ammonia emissions including compost odors from composting of biological wastes. Although sawdust is widely used as a medium for bulking agent in composting system and for microbial attachment in biofiltration systems, the performance of agitated bed composting and sawdust biofiltration are not well established. A pilot-scale composting of hog manure amended with sawdust and sawdust biofiltration systems for practical operation were investigated using aerated and agitated rectangular reactor with compost turner and sawdust biofilter operated under controlled conditions, each with a working capacity of approximately $40m^3\;and\;4.5m^3$ respectively. These were used to investigate the effect of compost temperature, seed germination rate and the C/N ratio of the compost on ammonia emissions, compost maturity and sawdust biofiltration performance. Temperature profiles showed that the material in three runs had been reached to temperature of 55 to $65^{\circ}C$ and above. The ammonia concentration in the exhaust gas of the sawdust biofilter media was below the maximum average value as 45 ppm. Seed germination rate levels of final compost was maintained from 70 to 93% and EC values of the finished compost varied between 2.8 and 4.8 ds/m, providing adequate conditions for plant growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the effects of fruits and stems of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino on water intake, feed intake, body weight, blood glucose level and glucose tolerance in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into non-diabetic control (NC), diabetic control (DC), 8% Opuntia fruit (DOF), 5% Opuntia stem (DO-5) and 10% Opuntia stem (DO-10) groups. Fruits and stems of Opuntia ficus-indica were freeze-dried and ground before use in the experiment. Animals were fed experimental diet for 3 weeks. DOF, DO-5 and DO-10 groups showed lower water and feed intake as well as less body weight loss than DC group. The fasting blood glucose levels were 100 mg/dL for NC and 379 mg/dL for DC. Fasting glucose level of DOF was a significantly low level of 28% (p<0.05), whereas DO-5 and DO-10 had a decrease of 5% and 9% compared to DC. As for the glucose tolerance test, the highest blood glucose levels for NC and DC-10 group were observed at 30 minutes after glucose injection while those of DOF and DO-5 groups were after 60 minutes. DOF and DO-5 plasma insulin level improved. Plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were also lower in DOF, DO-5 and DO-10 groups, although HDL-cholesterol level was only slightly affected by experimental diets compared to DC. These results suggest that the feeding of Opuntia ficus-indica fruits and stems improved blood glucose and lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats.