• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.9-19
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate natural insectifuge materials from tree extractives in order to substitute for organic synthetic insecticides for food wrapping corrugated board. Tree samples were collected, extracted, fractionated with hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, ethylacetate(EtOAc) and $H_2O$, and then freezed dried for further study. EtOAc or $H_2O$ fractions were chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column for isolation and purification, and the isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic tools such as NMR and MS. Crude extractives of EtOAc and $H_2O$ fractions were added to the printing ink for corrugated board with the concentration of 2% or 3% based on the weight of the ink, then the prepared ink was printed on the corrugated board to be used for evasion test using larva of indian meal moth(Plodia interpunctella(Hubner)). Robtin, dihydrorobinetin and leucorobinetinidin were isolated from the wood extractives of black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia) and the bark of poplar(Populus alba $\times$ glandulosa) contained many kinds of compounds such as (+)-catechin, naringenin, aromadendrin, eriodictyol, sakuranetin and its glycoside, taxifolin, neosaturanin, salireposide, p-coumaric acid and aesculin. Much of (+)-catechin was isolated from the bark extractives of willow(Salix koreensis) in addition to (+)-gallocatechin and p-coumaric acid and the bark of weeping willow(Salix babylonica) also contained (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, dihydromyricetin and myricetin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.157-162
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• 2003

중저해상도 광학영상의 순간시야각(instantaneous filed of view -IFOV)에 포함되는 공간에는 반사특성이 상이한 두 개 이상의 지표물이 존재하는 경우가 대부분이다. 영상분류와 같은 기존의 영상처리기법에서는 하나의 화소가 단일의 지표물을 대표한다는 가정에서 접근하였으나, 최근 화소의 혼합정도를 세분하는 분광혼합분석(spectral mixture analysis)기법이 개발되고 있다. 분광혼합분석법을 이용하여 혼합된 화소에 포함된 지표물을 분해(unmixing) 하고 그 효과를 분석하고자 하여 경기도 광릉국립수목원의 시험림 지역을 대상으로 Landsat-7 ETM＋영상을 이용하여 선형혼합 모델을 적용하였고, 그 결과 각각의 화소를 6개의 End-member의 혼합비로 구분하였다. Endmember의 비율을 나타낸 영상을 분석하여 점유비율에 따른 활엽수와 침엽수의 구분을 할 수 있었고, 각 임상별의 특징도 얻을 수 있었다. 특히 침엽수의 경우 그림자의 효과가 높다는 특성도 파악 할 수 있었다. 분광혼합분석법은 기존의 전통 분류방법과는 달리 다양한 산림의 정보를 추출해 낼 수 있다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.269-272
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the antifungal activities of the extracts from various parts of three pinus species, P. densiflora, P. rigida and P. koraiensis to pathogenic fungus Collectotrichum gloeosporioides. The EtOAc fraction from the bark of P. koraiensis stem and root showed 98.8 and 100% of activity, respectively to the fungus. Median effective doses $(ED_{50})$ of above two fractions were 469 and 588 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively in the bioassay with the fungus. $ED_{50}$ of the EtOAc fraction from the bark of P. koraiensis stem against Alternaria brassicicola and Fusarium oxysporum was 533 and 2,277 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. This means that the fraction was more sensitive to the C. gloeosporioides and A. brassicicola than the fungus F. oxysporum. The EtOAc fraction from the leaves of P. densiflord showed 39.6% of activity to C. gloeosporioides, but all the fractions from the leaves of two species showed no activity. The active compounds in the bark of P. koraiensis stem and root are being identified.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.449-455
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• 2013

Human skin is constantly exposed to environmental conditions such as UV rays, polluted air, and chemical products. UV rays, in particular, affect skin in many ways causing wrinkles, fine wrinkles, rough skin, and xeroderma through a skin aging process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-wrinkling effect of Juniperus rigida Sieb., derived from a common cedar tree found the world over. Measuring the elastase to investigate wrinkling efficacy, it was shown that at a concentration level of $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of the two extracts, the water extract exhibited a lower than 10% inhibition activity, while the ethanol extract exhibited a 68.5% inhibition activity. Collagenase inhibition activity in the water extract and ethanol extract were 44.9% in the former and 97.2% in the latter extract, which in the case of the ethanol extract, is similar to ascorbic acid (99.6%). Moreover, measuring the biosynthesis of collagen by fibroblast, a concentration level of $50{\mu}g/ml$ of ethanol extract produced 151.52% of biosynthetic promotion, proving that the ethanol extract acts as a superb anti-wrinkling agent. The result of an investigation conducted on the influence of the ethanol extract on MMP-1 caused by UVA showed that at a concentration level of $1,00{\mu}g/ml$ of the ethanol extract of J. rigida Sieb a 67.1% inhibition activity was noted. At a concentration level of $50{\mu}g/ml$ of the ethanol extract of J. rigida Sieb a 35% and 39% inhibition ratio to MMP-1 protein and mRNA were observed respectively, thereby restraining the appearance of the collagen breakdown enzyme MMP-1 and wrinkle creation by skin photo-aging.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.149-152
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• 2006

LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging)는 레이저 광선을 주사하여 목표물에 도달하는 시간측정을 바탕으로 x, y, z 좌표의 고밀도의 정밀한 점 자료를 획득하며, 도시 지역의 형상 추출, 수치고도모델 제작 및 산림 지역에서 수고 측정 등의 생태학적인 분야에 이르기까지 그 활용분야가 점차로 증대되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 LiDAR 시스템이 목표물에서 반사되어 들어오는 신호(return)를 여러 번에 걸쳐 나누어 기록하는 자료를 이용하여 수목의 수관층 및 하층 식생 등으로 복잡한 구조를 보이는 산림지역에서 LiDAR 신호가 투과되는 특성을 이용한 지수를 계산하였다. 수관점유율과 관련성을 보이는 지수는 향후 엽면적지수(LAI)와의 객관적인 관계를 규명하게 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1204-1209
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• 2001

As a basic study to find bioactive principles for the hypolipidemic effect from natural sources, various biological influences of MeOH extracts of Thuja accidentalis L. and Juniperus chinensis var. horizontalis Nakai on rats were examined. The concentrates obtained from the organic layer and aqueous layer fractions of each species were orally administered to rats and then their effect on the body weight, organ weight, serum lipids profile, and blood glucose concentration were examined. Among the samples tested, the organic layer of Juniperus chinensis var. horizontalis exhibited the possibility of the hypolipidemic effects. The corresponding layer was chromatographed to give three fractions and reexamined their effects on rats. The results demonstrated that the fraction corresponding for the R$_{f}$ 0.4~0.7 which was the mixture of many minor components showed the effect of lowering the blood-lipid bevel effectively without any side effects. Besides, communic acid, identified from and isolated as a major component of the species exhibited the possibe hypolipidemic effects.s.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2020

This study is apply 3D spatial information per traditional landscape space by comparing spatial information data created using a small drone and 3D scanner used for 3D spatial information construction for efficient preservation and management of traditional landscaping space composed of areas such as scenic sites and traditional landscape architectures. The analysis results are as follows. First, aerial photogrammetry data is less accurate than 3D scanners, but it was confirmed to be more suitable for monitoring landscape changes by reading RGB images than 3D scanners by texture mapping using digital data in constructing orthographic image data. Second, the orthographic image data constructed by aerial photogrammetry in a traditional landscaping space consisting of a fixed area, such as Gwanghalluwon Garden, produced visually accurate and precise results. However, as a result of the data extraction, data for trees, which is one of the elements that make up the traditional landscaping, was not extracted, so it was determined that 3D scanning and aerial surveying had to be performed in parallel, especially in areas where trees were densely populated. Third, The surrounding trees in Soswaewon Garden caused many errors in 3D spatial information data including topographic data. It was analyzed that it is preferable to use 3D scanning technology for precise measurement rather than aerial photogrammetry because buildings, landscaping facilities and trees are dense in a relatively small space. When 3D spatial information construction data for a traditional landscaping space composed of area using a small drone and a 3D scanner free from temporal and spatial constraints and compared the data was compared, the aerial photogrammetry is effective for large site such as Hahoe Village, Gyeongju and construction of a 3D space using a 3D scanner is effective for traditional garden such as Soswaewon Garden.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.104-114
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• 2014

Scale insects heavily damaged many agricultural crops and trees in urban and forest areas. This study was conducted to carry out alternative control methods for environmentally friendly control of scale insects. Hot water extract of Quisquali indica produced high mortality against the black pine bast scale, Matsucoccus thunbergianae in previously experiment. Methanol extract obtained from fruit of Q. indica was successively fractionated using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, buthanol and water which were examined by exposing for their insecticidal activity against four Cocoidea species (Eriococcus lagerstroemiae, Ceroplastes japonicus, Crisicoccus pini and Planococcus citri) in laboratory. Hexane fraction gave the highest insecticidal activity against scale insect pest. GC-mass analysis confirmed that the main compounds of Q. indica were alpha-pinene, methyl palmitate, eugenol, methyl myristate, phthalic acid mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester and palmitic acid. Among those compounds, ${\alpha}$-pinene was included 10 hexane subfractions. $LC_{50}$ of ${\alpha}$-pinene was 0.0114 ppm against 2nd instar of E. lagerstroemiae. These results suggest that Q. indica extracts might be used as an alternative control agent of scale insects.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.777-780
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• 2000

Propolis는 꿀벌이 다양한 식물로부터 모아온 수지상의 물질이며 꿀벌의 분비물과 수목의 삼출액 등의 다양한 형태를 함유하고 있다. Propolis는 고대로부터 항생작용과 상처치유에 효과적인 혼합물로 알려져 있다. 또한 에탄올 추출 Propolis는 항박테리아, 항미생물, 항곰팡이, 마취성, 항염증, 통증저하, 면역상승과 세포증식억제작용 특성과 같은 약물학적 활성을 나타낸다고 알려져 있다. 이 연구에서는 국내산 Crude Propolis로부터 얻어진 EEP의 첨가가 미생물의 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Paper Disc Diffusion Method와 균주의 성장에 따른 저해 정도를 확인하기 위한 20mg EEP/100mL MH배지에서도 균주의 성장을 저해함을 확인할 수 있었다. 70% EEP와 95% EEP에서 모두 저해를 확인할 수 있었고95% EEP에서 저해활성이 더 좋았다.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.194-197
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• 2011

The transitivity of Chemical constituents by Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in different raw sawdusts, which are Acer tegmentosum MAX, Rhus verniciflura, was investigated. The HPLC chromatography patterns on the chemical constituents of P. ostreatus showed the similar chromatography patterns in the different raw sawdusts and control sawdust. The unknown chemical constituents of P. ostreatus cultivated in the mixed medium added 10 %, 20% raw sawdusts, respectively, were increased. But the significance results in the mixed medium added 50% raw sawdusts were not showed. The chromatography patterns of mycelia grown in media added the 80% MeOH extracts of A. tegmentosum and R. verniciflura showed the similar patterns in comparison with control mycelia. In the results, the secondary metabolites of functional media were not degrade and changed to other derivatives compounds by P. ostreatus.