• Title/Summary/Keyword: 수목생장

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Long-Term Monitoring of Climatic and Soil Factors, and Tree Growths in Worak Mountain Using Phytogram System (파이토그램을 이용한 월악산 기후요소, 토양환경 및 수목생장 장기간 모니터링)

  • 박원규;서정욱
    • The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2000
  • Using the phytogram system, this study monitored hourly environmental factors(climate and soil), and radial growths and cambium activities of conifers in Worak mountain for 28 months from May 1996 to October 1998 to examine the influences of climatic factors on tree growths/carnbium activities of conifers in Worak Mountain, Korea. The phytogram system first puts a fine electrode into cambial zone. This device can automatically record environmental factors and cambium electrochemistry(hydration and proton levels). Dendrometers are attached to the phytogram for monitoring seasonal dynamics of cambial growth. We compared the results of radial growth by species and by diameter class. The growth decreased in order of Larix leptolepis, Pinus densiflora and Pinus rigida. Pre-monsoon growths were fast and May-June moisture regime was the most critical for all species. In the middle of September, radial growths were finished. The proton level and stem diameter reached the minimum at 4 p.m. On the other hand, the hydration level reached the maximum at 4 p.m. This diurnal change resulted from transpiration and the release of water from phloem storage to sapwood through xylem stream.

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Management Period Setting Study of through Analysis of the Growth Amount after Planting of Deciduous Broadleaf Species Planted in Ecological Restoration Sites (생태복원지에 식재된 낙엽활엽수종의 이식 후 생장량 분석을 통한 관리기간 설정 연구)

  • Lee, Soo-Dong;Bae, Soon-Hyoung
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.496-506
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    • 2022
  • The growth of trees planted through transplantation rapidly decreases immediately after planting due to extreme disturbances such as root cutting and crown damage. Although the growth rate is recovered as time elapses, the time required to restore the original growth varies by species. Therefore, it is necessary to set an appropriate tree management period for survival after transplantation by analyzing each species' annual growth change. In this study, we analyzed the growth amount of deciduous broad-leaf species planted in the area where the riparian ecological belt was formed and proposed the management period based on the results. Slowed growth immediately after planting is a common phenomenon due to root cutting and pruning, the pre-works performed to increase tree survival rate during the transplantation process. Afterward, the original growth rate is recovered as time passes, but the time required may vary depending on the species and planting environment. Most of the trees showed a rapid decrease in growth immediately after transplantation. After that, although it is different for each species, most of them showed a gradual recovery from 2 years onwards. The analysis of the growth rate by tree species confirmed that it took 2 to 4 years, depending on the tree species, to recover the growth level before transplantation after a rapid decrease in growth immediately after transplantation. The results suggest that improving the defect rate of planted trees is necessary to meet the project objectives: ecological restoration and pollutant reduction. It requires setting a tree management period of at least two years and creating an appropriate base environment.

Quantitative Analysis of Effects on Tree Growth of the Changes in Meteorological Environment around Imha Dam (임하댐 주변지역(周邊地域)의 기상환경(氣象環境) 변화(變化)가 수목생장(樹木生長)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관한 정량적(定量的) 분석(分析))

  • Shin, Man Yong;Chun, Jung Wha
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.85 no.3
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    • pp.462-471
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    • 1996
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of meteorological changes on tree growth due to the reservoir construction. First, climatic normals were estimated before and after the reservoir construction at the area of Imha, through the topoclimatological relationships. Secondly, the amount of meteorological changes was quantified based on the difference analysis of the climatic normals. Thirdly, the diameter increments of Pinus densiflora around Imha area were measured with increment borer. Sample trees were taken on the 6 points of 30m, 100m, 500m, 1km, 3km, and 5km from the reservoir, respectively. Finally, effects of meteorological changes on tree growth were investigated based on the analysis of tree ring increment patterns. Results showed that the growth of trees within the range of 1km from the reservoir had been increased, but the growth of ones out of 1km range had no relationship with meteorological changes after the reservoir construction. It seems that the diameter increment of trees grown near reservoir has been increased mainly due to the increased solar radiation in spring and the increased total amount of precipitation during growing season, compared with those before the reservoir construction. It is supposed, however, that the changes of monthly mean temperature has little effect on the tree growth because of its small amount of changes.

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Analysis of the Relationship between Urban Permeable/Impermeable Surfaces and Urban Tree Growth Using GeoXAI (GeoXAI를 활용한 도시 투수/불투수면과 도시수목 생육 관계 분석)

  • Seok Jun Kong;Joon Woo Lee;Geun Han Kim
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.39 no.6_1
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    • pp.1437-1449
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    • 2023
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze whether pervious and impervious areas in urban areas affect tree growth. In order to determine the differences in the growth of six species of trees planted simultaneously, the effects of pervious and impervious surfaces on tree growth were analyzed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) produced using Sentinel-2 and sub-divided land cover map from the Ministry of Environment. For this purpose, the Geospatial eXplainable Artificial Intelligence(GeoXAI) concept was applied. As a result of the analysis, the explanatory power of the model was found to be the best when considering the area of land cover included in the 10m range for Pinus densiflora, the 20 m range for Zelkova Serrata, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, and Ginkgo biloba, the 30 m range for Platanus occidentalis, and the 40 m range for Yoshino cherry trees. In addition, the wider the pervious area, the more active the growth of trees,showing a positive correlation, and the wider the impervious area, such as nearby artificial ground, showed a negative correlation with tree growth. This shows that surrounding pervious and impervious areas affect the growth of trees and that the scope of influence varies depending on the tree species.

Effects of Heavy Metal Concentrations on Seed Germination and Rhizome Development of Campanula takesimana Nakai (중금속 농도가 섬초롱꽃 종자 발아 및 유근 발달에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Tae Hyun;Kim, Do Hyun;Im, Hyeon Jeong;Choi, Kyu Seung;Kim, Sang Geun;Song, Chi Hyeon;Oh, Beom Seok;Kim, Yang Su;Song, Ki Seon;Won, Chang O
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.10a
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    • pp.39-39
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    • 2019
  • 섬초롱꽃은 울릉군에 한정적으로 분포하는 여러해살이풀이다. 산림청에서는 약관심종(LC) 등급의 희귀식물이자 특산식물로 분류하고 있으며, 꽃의 관상가치가 특히 높아 화단용 소재, 절화용, 화분재배 등으로 흔히 이용되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 섬초롱꽃의 대량증식 시, 중금속이 미칠 수 있는 영향에 대해 파악하고자 수행하였다. 실험에 사용한 중금속은 카드뮴(Cd), 철(Fe) 두 종류이며, 두 종류 모두 1% 한천(agar)배지에 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L 농도로 녹여 사용하였다. 발아율 및 유근 생장을 위해 종자 및 유묘를 치상 후, $25^{\circ}C$ 항온 생장상에서 발아율 및 유근 발달을 관찰하였다. 발아율 측정결과, 아무처리도하지 않은 1% 한천(agar) 배지에서 $62.7{\pm}7.4%$로 가장 높았고 중금속 농도가 높아질수록 감소하였다. 카드뮴(Cd) 처리구에서는 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L 농도에서 각각 $17.3{\pm}1.3$, $2.7{\pm}1.3$, $1.3{\pm}1.3$, 0, 0%로 나타났다. 한편, 철(Fe) 처리구에서는 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L 농도에서 각각 $46.7{\pm}4.8$, $24.0{\pm}2.3$, $36.0{\pm}6.9$, $20.0{\pm}2.3$, 0%로 나타났다. 유근의 평균 생장 길이(mm)는 아무처리도 하지 않은 1% 한천(agar) 배지에서 19.6 mm로 가장 높았고, 중금속 농도가 높아질수록 낮게 나타났다. 카드뮴(Cd) 처리구에서는 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L 농도에서 각각 4.6 mm, 1.9 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm, 0 mm 생장한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 철(Fe) 처리구에서는 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L 농도에서 각각 15.9 mm, 8.6 mm, 8.1 mm, 0.9 mm, 0 mm 생장한 것으로 나타났다. 실험결과를 종합해 볼 때, 섬초롱꽃 종자 발아 및 유근 생장의 억제는 카드뮴(Cd) 처리구에서 높게 나타났고, 철(Fe) 처리구에서는 비교적 영향을 덜 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 카드뮴은 10 mg/L 농도만 처리하더라도 약 3.6~4.2배의 발아율 생장율 감소가 나타나, 섬초롱꽃 대량증식 시, 치명적일 것으로 판단된다. 본 실험의 결과는 섬초롱꽃 종자를 이용한 대량증식 및 유묘재배에 있어, 토양을 선택하는데 중요한 기초자료로서 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

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Indicatrors of Carbon Storage and Uptake by Tree Growth in Natural Ecosystem (자연생태계 수목의 생장에 따른 탄소저장 및 흡수량 지표)

  • 조현길;안태원
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.175-182
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    • 2000
  • 본 연구는 자연생태계 소목의 생장에 따른 탄소저장 및 흡수량 지표를 도출하고 용인시를 대상으로 임상유형의 영급별 탄소저장 및 흡수를 계량하였다. 침엽수 1주당 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 중부와 남부의 생장지역간 유의한 차이가 없었으나(p>0.05). 활엽수의경우는 남부지역에서 중부지역보다 더욱 많았다. 수목 1주당 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 활엽수가 동일 직경의 침엽수보다 더욱 많았으며, 그 차이는 직경생장과 더불어 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 용인시 자연생태계의 단위면적당 평균 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 역시 영급이 높을수록 많았으며, II 영급을 제외한 동일 영급내에서는 침엽수림보다는 혼효림이, 혼효림보다는 활엽수림이 더욱 많았다. 중부지역에서 생장하는 흉고직경 20cm 의 활엽수 1주는 약 175리터의 휘발유 소비로 인하여 배출되는 탄소량을 저장하고, 1ha의 IV 영급 활엽수림은 시민 57명이 화석연료 소비로 연간 배출하는 탄소량을 저장하였다. 본 연구의 탄소저장 및 흡수 지표는 직경 생장에 따른 삼림수목의 대기탄소농도 저감 가치를 용이하게 추정하는데 활용될 수 있다.

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The Issues of Topsoil Preservation in Land Development Projects (토지개발사업의 표토보존에 있어서의 과제)

  • Kim, Sun-Mi;Lee, In-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.35 no.2 s.121
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2007
  • 대규모 개발사업을 시행함에 있어 우리는 종종 무의식적으로 토양층을 교란시키게 된다. 식물 성장에 있어 토양은 영양분을 공급하는 중요한 역할을 하고 특히 토양 중 표토층은 식물 생장에 필요한 많은 영양성분을 갖고 있으므로 토양층의 파괴는 식재된 수목의 하자와 직접 연결된다. 살아있는 식물을 다루는 조경공사에서는 공사 후 높은 하자율을 걱정하기에 앞서 수목의 원활한 활착을 위해 토양을 건강하게 유지하도록 노력해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 수목과 토양의 생리학적 관계 및 토양의 기본적인 성질과 표토의 중요성, 표토의 특성을 유지하는 방안 등에 대해 고찰하고 사례연구로 한국토지공사에서 시행한 용인 동백지구의 표토 활용사례를 검토하여 문제점을 파악하고 보다 효과적인 표토층 보존을 위한 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 수목의 성장률, 건강도, 수형 등은 직접적으로 토양의 질과 연결되고 양질의 토양은 수목의 원활한 생장을 가져와 결국 수준 높은 경관을 형성할 수 있게 된다. 본 연구를 통해 수목과 토양의 생리학적 관계를 파악하고 수목의 성장에 적정한 환경을 제공함으로써 불량한 토양으로 인한 수목의 하자율을 사전에 방지하고 수목의 건강성을 유지하는 방안 설정에 도움이 되고자 한다.

Tree-Ring Growth Characteristics of Pinus thunbergii Parl. after Replanting on the Reclaimed Land from the Sea in Gwangyang Bay (광양만 임해매립지의 곰솔 이식 이후의 연륜생장 특성)

  • 김도균;박원규;서정욱
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to examine the tree-ring growth characteristics of Pinus thunbergii Parl. after replanting on the reclaimed land from the sea in Kwangyang bay, The factors, mostly affecting the growths of Pinus thunbergii Parl. , were the replanting stress and drought. The growth reduction due to replanting occurred in the replanting year and following year, but that due to drought after 2-3 years of replanting. The growth recovery after replanting differed with soil condition. The sites showing fast recovery were the covered ground of improve soil, the ground of medium mounding, the top and the slope ground of big mounding sites. The filled ground of improve soil and the lower ground of big mounding sites showed retarded growths. The mean sensitivity(year-to-year variation) and the coefficient of variation(tree-to-tree variation in a certain year) in tree rings of Pinus thunbergii Parl. were higher in the poor soil sites than in the favourable soil ones. The physical characteristics of the soil, especially soil hardness, were the most crucial. The mean sensitivity and the coefficient of variation were also low in the salty soil environment.

Relation between the Shade Hours and the Landscape Tree Growth in the Apartment Housing Areas (공동주택단지내 조경수목의 생장과 피음시간과의 관계)

  • 윤근영;안건용
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 1996
  • To figure out the relation between the shade hours and the landscape tree growth in the apartment housing areas, the present sizes and planting positions of 4 tree species in Gwacheon-si apartment housing areas were surveyed. Then, shade hours were analyzed and the data were analyzed by simple linear regression method. As a whole, the R$^{2}$ was too low to generalize the regression equation. Therefore, it was presumed that the gravity of shade hours in landscape tree growth in this sample site was relatively lower than that of any other environmental factors. However, it was presumed that the characteristics of shade intolerant and tolerant tree were turned up, because Pinus strobus showed a low negative correlation with shade housm and Acer palmatum and Magnolia denudata showed a low positive correlation with shade hours generally. And, it was proved that the statistically significant cases were the tree diameter at root collar and tree sidth of Acer palmatum and tree width of Magnolia denudata with shade hours showing a low correlation coefficient less than 0.4.

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Correlation between the Illuminance and the Flowering and Leaf Growth of Trees at Night - In Case of Downtown from Jamsil Station to Olympic Park, Seoul - (도심 내 야간의 조도와 봄철 수목 개화 및 잎 생장 간 상관관계 - 서울 잠실역에서 올림픽공원 구간을 대상으로 -)

  • Han, Bong-Ho;Kim, Jong-Yup;Kwak, Jeong-In;Choi, Tae-Young
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.441-453
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, according to the illuminance at night with artificial lighting in downtown Seoul, trees flowering and leaf growth rate was performed as a case study to examine whether there is a difference. The illuminance was measured at 78 points on a total of 26 points, the range of illuminance were divided into three groups considering land use, Group A (plots 1-7) were 4.90 ~ 112.50 lx, Group B (plots 8 to 18) were 0.45 ~ 42.40 lx, group C (plots 19 to 26) were 0.28 ~ 22.10 lx. According to the One-way ANOVA on illuminance difference, the survey groups were classified into three groups. To survey the ratio of the flowering Prunus yedoensis and Rhododendron spp. and to survey the ratio of leaf growth Zelkova serrata, Ginkgo biloba, and Acer palmatum each 30 individuals were investigated. Rhododendron spp. to study the ratio of the flowering and Acer palmatum to study the ratio of leaf growth were determined to be useful as indicator woody species according to the correlation. The higher illuminance of night lighting is, the faster flowering and leaf growth of trees will be by correlation between the mean illuminance of each group and the flowering and leaf growth of trees. In the future, should be made a more detailed study of how much affect to the trees with some impact on the level of light pollution at night lighting.