• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.135-154
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• 2020

This paper analyzes the 5,521 samples of the small and medium-sized businesses(SMBs) obtained from the Korea Credit Guarantee Fund. From January 2014 to September 2019, 85% of the SMBs have 5 or fewer full-time employees. The proportion of SMBs is overwhelmed by the elderly men, and most founders are the CEO. Also, about 87% of the workplace types are rented, while 64% of the CEO's residence types are owner-occupation. 47% of the financial grade score is less than 10 points out of 100 and 80% of SMBs have less than 200 million won of the loan guarantee. In particular, the total guarantee loan amount or the days of net guarantee have significantly positive relations with the working period of the CEO in the same industry, the number of employees, the operation period of SMBs, and the corporate business type. In the case of the financial grading score which has the highest weight in overall credit rating gets higher with the higher number of employees, the longer the operation period, and the corporate business type. However, the quantified non-financial grading score has no significant relationship with other explanatory variables, except for the corporate business type. This implies that a non-financial grade score is measured by other determinants that are not observed by the Korea credit guarantee fund. The pure non-financial grade score has positive relations with the working period of the CEO. Overall, this paper would help Korean SMBs upgrade their credit ratings and expand the money supply when there is no standardized credit rating model or no publicly available evaluation criteria for SMBs. We expect this paper provides important insights for further research and policy-makers for SMBs. In particular, to address the financial needs of thin-filers such as SMBs, technology-based financial services (TechFin) would use alternative data to evaluate the financial capabilities of thin-filers and to develop new financial services.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.729-746
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• 2020

For the development and better use of information and communication technology(ICT) for promoting health and quality of life in older people, it is important to understand personal factors associated with ICT use. The aims of this study were to describe the pattern of ICT use according to health characteristics of elderly and to investigate significant factors related to ICT use among three age groups. The data of 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans was used for analysis and 10,058 of older adults aged 65 and over were included for study participants. As results, first, the young old(65~74) used more functions of ICT than the middle-old(75~84) and the old-old(85 and over). Second, ICT was more used among older people with good conditions in chronic disease, subjective health, cognition, depression, vision, hearing, walking and IADL. Third, higher prevalence of ICT use was significantly associated with age, education, household income, subjective health, depression, cognitive function, vision limitation and walking limitation. Fourth, factors influencing the use of ICT were a little different among three age groups. For the young-old(65~74), subjective health, depression, cognitive decline, walking limitation, and IADL disability were significant factors affecting on ICT use. For the middle-old(75-84), subjective health, depression, cognitive decline, vision, hearing, and walking limitation were related with their ICT use. For the old-old(85 and over), only cognitive function and depression were associated with their ICT use. Based on these results, this study suggested the need to consider multiple health conditions for developing and using ICT for older adults.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.29-44
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• 2017

In Internet commerce, consumers are heavily influenced by product reviews written by other users who have already purchased the product. However, as the product reviews accumulate, it takes a lot of time and effort for consumers to individually check the massive number of product reviews. Moreover, product reviews that are written carelessly actually inconvenience consumers. Thus many online vendors provide mechanisms to identify reviews that customers perceive as most helpful (Cao et al. 2011; Mudambi and Schuff 2010). For example, some online retailers, such as Amazon.com and TripAdvisor, allow users to rate the helpfulness of each review, and use this feedback information to rank and re-order them. However, many reviews have only a few feedbacks or no feedback at all, thus making it hard to identify their helpfulness. Also, it takes time to accumulate feedbacks, thus the newly authored reviews do not have enough ones. For example, only 20% of the reviews in Amazon Review Dataset (Mcauley and Leskovec, 2013) have more than 5 reviews (Yan et al, 2014). The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the usefulness of online product reviews and to derive a forecasting model that selectively provides product reviews that can be helpful to consumers. In order to do this, we extracted the various linguistic, psychological, and perceptual elements included in product reviews by using text-mining techniques and identifying the determinants among these elements that affect the usability of product reviews. In particular, considering that the characteristics of the product reviews and determinants of usability for apparel products (which are experiential products) and electronic products (which are search goods) can differ, the characteristics of the product reviews were compared within each product group and the determinants were established for each. This study used 7,498 apparel product reviews and 106,962 electronic product reviews from Amazon.com. In order to understand a review text, we first extract linguistic and psychological characteristics from review texts such as a word count, the level of emotional tone and analytical thinking embedded in review text using widely adopted text analysis software LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count). After then, we explore the descriptive statistics of review text for each category and statistically compare their differences using t-test. Lastly, we regression analysis using the data mining software RapidMiner to find out determinant factors. As a result of comparing and analyzing product review characteristics of electronic products and apparel products, it was found that reviewers used more words as well as longer sentences when writing product reviews for electronic products. As for the content characteristics of the product reviews, it was found that these reviews included many analytic words, carried more clout, and related to the cognitive processes (CogProc) more so than the apparel product reviews, in addition to including many words expressing negative emotions (NegEmo). On the other hand, the apparel product reviews included more personal, authentic, positive emotions (PosEmo) and perceptual processes (Percept) compared to the electronic product reviews. Next, we analyzed the determinants toward the usefulness of the product reviews between the two product groups. As a result, it was found that product reviews with high product ratings from reviewers in both product groups that were perceived as being useful contained a larger number of total words, many expressions involving perceptual processes, and fewer negative emotions. In addition, apparel product reviews with a large number of comparative expressions, a low expertise index, and concise content with fewer words in each sentence were perceived to be useful. In the case of electronic product reviews, those that were analytical with a high expertise index, along with containing many authentic expressions, cognitive processes, and positive emotions (PosEmo) were perceived to be useful. These findings are expected to help consumers effectively identify useful product reviews in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.37-52
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to understand home hospice care status and problem in Korea, and ultimately to develop the home hospice standard. This study was conducted as a part of a study on the institutionalization of the home hospice in Korea. A focus group interview with representatives of seven home hospice agency where have provided home hospice service for years was conducted. All of the participants agreed to the essential components for home hospice service including 24 hour on call service, multidisciplinary team visiting, and periodical team meeting. Visiting frequency was 1-3 times per week mostly by nurses. And they agreed requisitely to fulfill an office for home visiting nurses, storage space, and home visiting bags. The obstacles of providing home hospice were 1) no reimbursement system, 2) difficulties to change medication at home, 3) lack of inpatient beds for symptom control. Standardization of home hospice is critical to improve service quality and to develop reimbursement system. The findings of this study could be used as a basic data to develop home hospice standards and guidelines.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 2009

Skin color detection is used to classify input pixels into skin and non skin area, and it requires the classifier to have a high classification rate. In previous work, most classifiers used single color model for skin color detection. However the classification rate can be increased by using more than one color model due to the various characteristics of skin color distribution in different color models, and the MLP is also invested as a more efficient classifier with less parameters than other classifiers. But the input dimension and required parameters of MLP will be increased when using two color models in skin color detection, as a result, the increased parameters will cause the huge teaming time in MLP. In this paper, we propose a MLP based classifier with less parameters in two color models. The proposed partially connected MLP based on two color models can reduce the number of weights and improve the classification rate. Because the characteristic of different color model can be learned in different partial networks. As the experimental results, we obtained 91.8% classification rate when testing various images in RGB and CbCr models.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2015

Information and communications technology facilitates collaboration among individuals by functioning as an open platform for open collaboration projects. In this regard, this study aims to understand the network characteristics of participants who contribute greatly to open collaboration by investigating the mutual cooperation network in an open source project, which represents a form of open collaboration based on social network theory. To achieve this objective, this study analyzes the network centrality of developers with a high number of commits, particularly 8,101 developers in 782 repositories in GitHub, a representative open source platform. This study also determines how the relationship between network centrality and number of commits depends on the size of a repository network and the presence of a hub. Consequently, the number of commits by developers with high degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality is increasing. Among which, betweenness centrality has the highest explanatory power. Furthermore, when a hub is present and as network size increases, the relationship between the betweenness centrality of a developer and his/her number of commits continues to grow. This study is expected to provide suggestions for the successful performance of open collaboration projects in the future.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.31-66
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to examine that internal virtue (i.e. virtue between organizational members) and external virtue (i.e. virtue between organizational members and external members) positively associate with job performance when considering organizational identification, positive work-related identity, affective commitment, emotional exhaustion, and collective self-esteem as mediators. Virtue in organization has received attention as critical attribute of positive organizational scholarship. Cameron(2003) defined the study of virtue as a study of the capacity, attributes, and reserve in organization that facilitates the expression of positive deviance among organization member. In addition, this study contributes to the qualitative investigation on how internal giving virtue (i.e. the employees' virtue for their organization), internal receiving virtue (i.e. virtue employees receive from their organization), external giving virtue (i.e. the organization's virtue for society), and external receiving virtue (i.e. virtue the organization receives from society), used as independent variables, influence job performance after creating research model for the four virtuous behaviors through qualitative research. Therefore, this research contributes to the creation of research model for virtuous behaviors within organizations and virtuous behaviors with external members through qualitative study and sheds light on how these variables influence job performance by virtue of qualitative research.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-71
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the necessity of occupational therapist's involvement in patient discharge planning, the areas that should be considered for discharge screening and planning, and to provide the basic data required for the development of a discharge assessment tool. Methods : We conducted an online questionnaire survey of 60 occupational therapists who were working at medical institutions and had agreed to participate in the study. The questionnaire was composed of 36 questions regarding the general characteristics of the current discharge planning process and the necessity of discharge assessment and planning. Descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, and a one-way ANOVA were conducted using SPSS 20.0. As for the post-hoc test, Scheffe's test was used. Results : The awareness of occupational therapist's role in discharge planning and the necessity of a discharge assessment tool were high, but the occupational therapist's awareness of discharge-related knowledge was low. The difficulties in discharge planning showed high response rate in the absence of adequate fee-for-service in the patient interview and assessment and the lack of team approach and appropriate assessment tools for discharge planning. The high-needs areas for evaluation during discharge were fall risk and BADL, and the low-needs areas were well-being and functional level prior to onset. Conclusion : This study is expected to provide preliminary information necessary for the development of a discharge assessment tool for effective discharge planning.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.366-376
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• 2017

This study attempts to analyze the structure of the knowledge and duties of the vocational counseling service industry by using the text mining method and network analysis, which are methods of big data analysis. The subjects of the survey were vocational counseling, job placement and career change support, three fields in the unit elements of competence included in the National Competency Standards (NCS) which areproposed by the government. Although the analysis results of frequently used words showed that all three fields had independent duties, many were overlapping, such as counseling, examination, employment support, etc. for clients, job seekers, and others. The knowledge required by the employees of this field includes many new fields, such as start-up development, lifelong career consulting, job adaptation and culture conflict, besides the five subjects of vocational psychology, vocational counseling, labor market, job information, and law, which are included in the vocational counselor certification examination. Also, we suggested that the consultants adhere to emotional approaches, such as empathy, acceptance and attentiveness, and take a neutral stance. This study isvaluable in that it is the first attempt to objectively analyze the duties of the vocational counseling service field by big data analysis. In addition, it is also meaningful that we first confirmed the difference between the direction of government policy and the actual practice in the field.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.929-938
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• 2016

This study reviewed the external morphological characteristics of a rare species, Exochorda serratifolia S.Moore, in South Korea through a comparison of its previous records. Also, a distribution map of this species was made using previous data on flora and voucher specimens. Furthermore, the soil characteristics of Exochorda serratifolia S.Moore was analysed in order to determine the correlation between external morphological features and soil characteristics. At the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphates, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity and soil pH were found to be in the ranges of 3.25-29.83%, 0.15-1.14%, 3.0-156 mg/kg, $0.39-1.49cmol^+/kg$, $2.48-38.07cmol^+/kg$, $0.77-18.29cmol^+/kg$, $7.3-23.0cmol^+/kg$ and 4.6-7.1 respectively. The soil condition surrounding the population of Exochorda serratifolia S.Moore in Mt. Ap-san (Daegu) was found to have higher percentages of organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity than the soil condition of other populations. Moreover, the length of inflorescence and the number of flowers in this population were significantly higher than the populations studied in other areas (P < 0.001). We also identified a significant correlation between genetic, geographic distance and several morphological characteristics. A comprehensive review of various data on Exochorda serratifolia S.Moore such as external morphological characteristics, genetic structure, growth conditions, vegetation properties, and environmental characteristics is required to understand its growth characteristics and conserve this rare species.