• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.305-306
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• 2006

자동차의 난방 열원은 HVAC(Heating, Ventilating & Air Conditioning)에 내장되어 있는 히터코어 (Heater Core) 에서 공급하게 되며, 이 히터코어는 엔진에서 가열된 냉각수 열원을 이용하게 된다. 그러나 최근 디젤 엔진의 경우 연소효율의 개선과 CEGR(Cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation) 시스템의 적용으로 냉각부하가 증가하여 냉각수가 가지는 가용 열원이 기종보다 약 30~40% 정도 저하되고 있다. 따라서 디젤 자동차 및 하이브리드용 자동차의 난방 보조 히터의 국산화 개발이 시급해진 상황이며 초정밀, 고효율 보조 히터의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 현재 적용되고 있는 보조 히터 중에서 PTC 히터는 PTC 소자의 발열을 이용하여 공기를 직접 가열하기 때문에 추가적인 연료소비가 없고 소형 및 저가라는 장점이 있다. PTC 세라믹 소자는 $BaTiO_3$를 모체로 하며, 이의 특성 항상 및 제어를 위해서는 적절한 dopant를 선택하여 균일하게 doping 해야 한다. 지금까지 dopant에 따른 구성 요소 및 역할은 비교적 잘 알려져 있다. 하지만, 자동차용으로 사용되기 위해서는 12V의 저전압에서 동작해야 하며, 또한 소자의 두께가 얇아지게 됨에 따라서 발생하는 전기적 short와 같은 문제점들을 해결하여야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 PTC 세라믹 소자에서 도펀트 종류와 양 조절을 통한 저저항을 확보하고, PTC 세라믹 소자의 박막화를 달성하고자 하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2006

Recently emission regulation on diesel vehicles is getting stringent and research on aftertreatment technology such as DPF and DOC has been carried out actively. Even though PM(Particulate matters) reduction efficiency in DOC is relatively low but the structure is simpler and very effective in the reduction of gas materials and unregulated materials. Therefore it has been applied to smaller diesel vehicles. The aims of this research is to investigate the emission reduction characteristics of DOC; DOC performance of regulated and unregulated material emission reduction. It results a Pt based catalyst demonstrated higher emission reduction efficiency than a Pt-V based catalyst in CVS-75 mode, and also the reduction efficiency of unidentified material was excellent.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2005

The direct injection diesel engine is one of the most efficient thermal engines. For this reason DI diesel engines are widely used for heavy-duty applications. But the world is faced with very serious problems related to the air pollution due to the exhaust emissions of diesel engine. So, that is air pollution related to exhaust gas resulted from explosive combustion should be improved. Exhaust Gas Recirculation(EGR) is a proven method to reduce NOx emissions. In this study, the experiments were performed at various engine loads while the EGR rates were set from $0\%$ to $30\%.$ The emissions trade-off and combustion of diesel engine are investigated. The brake specific fuel consumption rate is very slightly fluctuated with EGR in the range of experimental conditions. The ignition delay increased with increasing EGR rate. The maximum value of premixed combustion for the rate of heat release is increased with increasing EGR rate. NOx emissions are decreased with increasing EGR rate at high load and high speed. It was found that the exhaust emissions with the EGR system resulted in a very large reduction in oxides of nitrogen at the expense of higher smoke emissions.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2004

Heat release analysis is a very important method for understanding the combustion phenomena inside an engine cylinder. In this study, one-zone heat release analysis was used with the measured cylinder pressures of a HSDI(high speed direct injection) and IDI(indirect injection) diesel engines, Those have benefits of simple equation, fast speed, reliability. The objective of the study is to compare the combustion characteristics between a HSDI and an IDI. The result shoes that the maximum heat release rate of a HSDI is higher than that of an IDI because of long ignition delay period. The heat release curve of an IDI is more linear than that of a HSDI, thus is similiar to that of a SI engine. The combustion efficiency of a HSDI is higher than that of an IDI because of the smaller heat transfer loss of a HSDI. There is a suggestion here that an IDI engine has broad heat transfer area which include two combustion chambers, the connection passage of combustion chambers, etc.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2005

Application of an electric heater is one of attractive methods for active regeneration in DPF systems, but its application has been limited by the capacity of electric power available in vehicles. This study was focused on intake throttling to reduce electrical energy required in the electrical heated DPF system. As results, this study showed the decrease of $30\~50\%$ of intake air mass flow rate and the increase of $20\~60^{\circ}C$ of exhaust gas temperature by the proper control of intake throttling. These intake throttling effects was helpful for regenerable temperature achievement.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2024

본 전기자동차(EV)의 사용을 늘리고 계통 부담을 최소화하기 위해 재생에너지를 사용하는 마이크로그리드가 중요한 역할을 담당해야 한다. 마이크로그리드는 소형 디젤발전과 같은 화석연료를 사용할 수도 있지만, 많은 경우에 친환경 에너지인 재생에너지로부터 에너지를 공급받을 수 있다. 그러나 태양광과 풍력과 같은 재생에너지는 가변적인 출력 특성을 갖는다. 따라서 전기자동차의 충·방전 에너지 수요를 충족하는 동시에 안정적으로 부하 전력을 공급하기 위해서 마이크로그리드에 디젤발전 또는 전기차-그리드(V2G)를 병행 에너지원으로 활용하는 전기자동차 충전인프라 구성에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 이와 같은 배경으로 본 연구에서는 태양광발전, 풍력발전, 디젤발전과 V2G를 활용하여 부하에 안정적으로 전력을 공급할 수 있는 마이크로그리드의 모델을 구성하였다. 제안된 마이크로그리드는 태양광발전과 풍력발전을 1차 공급에너지원으로 전력 수요에 대응토록 하고, 부하의 전기차의 운영 유형과 부하 동기기의 회전속도를 판단하여 부족 전력에 대해 디젤발전으로부터 안정적으로 전력을 공급할 수 있는 모델이다. 이렇게 제안된 모델의 시스템 성능을 검증하기 위해 MATLAB/Simulink로 시뮬레이션함으로써 마이크로그리드의 안정적 운영 방안을 고찰하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.196-204
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• 1996

The simplified dynamic models of the timer assembly in the diesel engine fuel injection system were developed. The first order system with time delay was assumed and the various parameters in this model were obtained by experimental data. These simplified dynamic models were used for the development of control algorithm of the injection timing control system. The PI control algorithm was modified to include the anti-windup property and disturbance compensation. This modified PI control algorithm was used for the control of the injection timing. Improved control accuracy and reduced control efforts were observed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.65-77
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• 1996

A small-sized industrial diesel engine was converted to a spark ignited engine and then adapted for fuelling with natural gas. After conversion work, general combustion characteristics of the gas engine(such as ignition delay, main and total combustion durations, and heat release characteristics) were studied as a functio of major engine operating variables such as air to fuel ratio, spark timing, and spark plug type. Some other studies on cyclic variation characteristics in IMEP, Pmax and (dp/dφ)max, and also optimum combustion phasing angle were performed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2005

The effects of an urea injection at the exhaust pipe for a 4-cylinder DI(Direct Injection) diesel engine were investigated with the parameters such as urea-SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction) and EGR system. The urea quantity was controlled by NOx quantity and MAF(Manifold Air Flow). The urea injection quantity can be controlled with the urea syringe pump, precisely. The effects of NOx reduction for the urea-SCR system were investigated with and without ECR engine, respectively. It was concluded that the SUF(Stoichiometric Urea Flow) is calculated and the NOx results are visualized with engine speed and load. Furthermore, the NOx map is made from this experimental results. It was suggested, therefore, that NOx reduction effects of the urea-SCR system without the EGR engine were better than that with the EGR engine except of low load and low speed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1999

Many researches have been investigating small direct-injection diesel engines using the spray impacting on walls. Those systems have one or more raised pips to break-up the fuel and spread it widely toward a desired direction in a combustion chamber. In this study, the sizes and heights of the pips are determined by using a computational fluid dynamics code employing non-orthogonal grid systems. In order to find out the suitable pip-shape to a small chamber, the spray behaviors, occupied spary volumes and averaged droplets sizes are calculated with the variation of shape of the pip, such as, size and heights and inclined degree. The desired shape of the impinging land is proposed for the design of combustion system in small diesel engines.