• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 1988

The radiological impacts due to transportation of irradiated PWR fuel by truck were assessed for incident-free and accident conditions with. the computer code INTERTRAN. The resulting collective doses exposure to different subgroups of the public and of the workers were determined. Resulting collective doses for crewman and the public sharing the transport link and living in a corridor on either side of the route are small. All attempts to quantify the risk from the transport suffer from a lack of good input data. It is in these areas that the most important advances can be made.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.53-56
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to diagnose the characteristics of current use of kitchen and scrutinize what to improve for the future kitchen development. To achieve the purpose, the small group wordshop panel was used. Two groups of 5 housewives per each were employed. For each group, there were a total of 3 consecutive meetings including 2 workshops and 1 field survey in each subject's house. The contents dealt with in the panel were as follows. First, actual condition and problems of using kitchen; second , possible solutions of the problems; third, needs for developing future kitchen. The major results were first, consumers require bigger kitchens to accomodate a variety of family activities ; second, kitchen needed to be more open encouraging family interaction and gave organic relationship to adjacent such as living room and utility room; third, due to korean cooking style, poor ventilation along with wet trash disposal was a serious problem. In addition to these. there revealed many problems which need to be improved and valuable ideas for the improvement.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.117-129
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interaction patterns and the commonly accepted norms of reaching a consensus among small-group children when solving open-ended problems. In conclusion, open-ended problems have various strategies or different acceptable answers, so they give children learning opportunities to compare the answers and to participate in communication. And more valuable interaction patterns come from 'measuring','classifying' problems and open-ended problems with implicit solution. Therefore, teachers might as well consider the relation between problems and interaction patterns when they pose open-ended problems in a small-group study setting. They are expected to empower children to have sociomathematical norms of reaching a consensus un der indirect and supportive guidance.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.1 s.18
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• pp.19-25
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• 2004

초등학교에서 고학년으로 갈수록 수학에 대한 흥미가 떨어지고 수학을 기피하는 학생들을 많이 볼 수 있다. 그러한 아동들의 대부분은 수학에 대한 어려움을 많이 호소하고 있는데 특히 비정형화된 문제들을 대할 때엔 그 현상은 더욱 심각하다. 초등학교 수학 교과서의 마지막 단원은 '문제 푸는 방법 찾기' 단원인데, 이 단원에 제시된 문제들은 대체로 비정형화된 문제들이다. 정형화된 문제에 익숙한 아동들은 이러한 비정형 문제들을 해결하는 데에 상당히 어려움을 나타내곤 한다. 본교에서는 이러한 아동들의 어려움을 해결할 수 있는 방안으로 협력학습을 택하였다. 또래들과의 상호작용 속에서 비정형화된 문제에 보다 친숙하게 접근하고 해결해 나가는 과정을 반복하다 보면 수학에 대한 흥미를 되찾게 되고, 문제 해결력과 수학적 사고력이 향상될 것으로 기대된다.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.51-74
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• 2004

During cooperative learning in small group, we investigate what characteristics children in elementary school show at several fields of mathematics and through communicating activity etc., what influence the cooperative learning does on children's attitude, thinking, problem solving, recognition. To know them, we observe the process of children's communication and evaluate children's attitude, thinking, problem solving, recognition with checklist at each lesson. Through this research, we conclude that the figure part is the most effective when we teach with cooperative learning type, and the cooperative learning evoke the vivid communication, and make progress in affirmative attitude, thinking etc. Also, in this thesis we suggest the points which teacher should consider when he/she use cooperative learning in small-group.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.31-33
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• 2004

TSP(Traveling Salesman Problem)는 주어진 N개의 City들을 단 한번씩만 거쳐 출발지로 되돌아오는 경로들 중 가장 작은 비용이 소요되는 경로를 찾는 문제이며, 고전적인 최적화 문제로 널리 알려져 있다. City의 수가 증가하면 최적 Tour를 찾기 위한 연산 시간이 길어지는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 대규모 TSP의 효율적 해결을 위해 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 대규모의 City들의 집합을 두개의 소집합으로 분할하고, 병합을 위해 하나의 Junction City를 지정한다. 분할된 두개의 소집합 각각의 최적 Tour를 구한 후 분할된 두 최적 Tour를 병합하여 하나의 근사 Tour를 구한다. 지정된 Junction City는 병합 시 최적 병합조건을 구하는 연산의 간편화를 기대할 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.169-182
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• 1998

This study investigated the verbal responses of kindergarten children to fantasy and realistic picture books. The subjects were 60 five-year-old children divided into small groups of 4 children each. Each group was read four picture books of which two were fantasy and two were realistic. Transcripts of the children's responses were analyzed for number, content, and type of verbal response. Mean scores and standard deviations were measured and the data were analyzed by repeated one-way ANOVA. Results showed that the children showed (1) more verbal responses to the fantasy than to the realistic picture books. (2) They gave more verbal responses to fantasy picture books than to realistic books in terms of character, scene, event, and vocabulary. They also gave more verbal responses to fantasy picture books than to realistic books in terms of informative, heuristic, and imaginative types.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.15-31
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• 2010

This research aimed for revealing social interaction-based environmental learning elements at the natural history museum. First, we carried out a survey of the perceptual change about 'the environment' concept. It was for confirming whether environmental learning occurred in visiting. Second, we found environmental learning elements through analyzing dialogues among small group members during looking around the museum. Social interaction-based environmental learning elements were classified into five; knowledge, affection, value, skill, behaviour. Each environmental learning element included several sub-elements, so we revealed totally 9 environmental learning sub-elements. By results, we said characteristics and possibility of the natural history museum as an informal environmental educational institution. It is meaningful for extending areas of environmental education.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.457-458
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 실시간 원격 수업(Real-Time Distance Education) 환경 하에서 학생들의 수업 집중 및 효율적인 교수를 위한 버즈학습(Buzz Learning)의 필요성을 제안한다. 이 학습법은 실시간 원격 수업에서 일어날 수 있는 집중력 저하 및 수업참가율 저조를 최소화하고, 학습자 간의 협동 및 상호작용을 향상시킨다. 또한 버즈법에 의한 그룹 편성 및 학습형태는 각 그룹에서 토의한 결과를 다시 전체가 모여 토의함으로써 소집단의 토의결과를 종합 정리하고 결론을 도출해 내는 집단 토의 형태를 띤다. 토의학습은 흔히 몇몇 학생의 경우 토의에 참가하지 않거나 또는 한 명이 독무대화하는 경향이 있는데 여기서는 그룹 전원이 토론에 적극 참여할 수 있게 한다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 원격 수업을 통하여 이뤄지는 실제 강의에 적용된 버즈 학습이 학생들의 수업참여도 및 학습 향상 면에서 우수함을 보여준다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.62-65
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was first, to confirm of the key hypothetical concepts through the research of previous literature analysis results, and second, to Identify responses of various prospective consumers on key hypothetical concepts and the validity of the plan for improvement before construction was employed through the small group workshop. The participants in workshop were working housewives with 1 or 2 children, residing in an apartment of a net area of 25.7py. The materials used in the process were questionnaire, existing apartment floor plan, developing floor plan for universal apartment, small scale model, endoscopy images, computer simulation images, and recording equipment like audio recorder, video tape recorder, and camera.