• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2009

In present study, an alternative process for manufacturing ultra marine blue by using kaolin, sulfur, sodium carbonate, silica, and rosin was investigated. From the experiments, it was found in the reductive calcination process that the temperature variation with the bed height of input materials is relatively high due to the inadequate thermal conductivity of them. It was also found that the color of the ultramarine blue manufactured is sensitive for the shape of the input materials and the calcinations conditions, and specially the heating rate is very important to form ultramarine. For manufacturing green ultramarine by using sulfur, sodium carbonate, silicon, and pine resin, an optimum condition was investigated to be the heating rate region below $0.6^{\circ}C/min$, the reaction temperature of $850^{\circ}C$ and the reaction time of 4 hr. At the oxidative calcination process to manufacture ultra marine blue from green ultramarine, the optimum flow rate of air is $500{\sim}550\;{\ell}/kg$ (green ultramarine) and the reaction temperature is $500{\sim}550^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.377-384
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• 2004

지구환경 문제가 대두되면서 자동차 경량화를 위한 재료의 고강도화는 필수적인데, 재료의 고강도화는 성형성의 감소를 야기한다. 이러한 문제점은 가공방법으로 해결할 수 있는데, 그 대표적인 것이 프레스 경화(Press Hardening)공정이다. 프레스 경화 공법이란 성형성이 좋은 고온$(900^{\circ}C)$에서 성형하면서 성형 중 프레스에서 고강도를 부설하는 공법이다. 프레스 경화 공정은 스웨덴의 SSAB자회사인 프라냐에서 1973년에 개발된 공법으로 초기에는 높은 경도가 필요한 산업용 설비 (톱 등)에 적용되다가 1990년대부터 Bumper와 Door Impact Beam등의 자동차 부품으로 개발을 하여 적용되기 시작하였으며, 현재 그 적용 영역을 보다 넓혀나가고 있는 상태이다. 본 발표에서는 프레스 경화 공정의 대표 부품인 범퍼 임펙트을 개발하기 위해 관련한 성능해석을 수행하였다. 수행한 결과에 의하면 기존 소재 대비하여 $30\%$이상 경량화가 가능함을 알수 있었다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1642-1650
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• 1995

Process design is one of the most important fields in metal forming, where the finite element method has appeared a useful method for industrial applications. In this study, a program using the rigid plastic finite element has been developed for process design in three-dimensional plastic deformation. The surface integration for calculation of the friction between die and workpiece has been implemented with care in numerical treatment. The developed program is applied to a precision coining process of electronic components. It is confirmed that the program developed here is suitable for process design in metal forming with three-dimensional plastic deformation.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.570-579
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• 2004

정상상태 압연공정의 오일러리안 공정해석 모델에 관한 연구들을 종합 정리하였다 본 연구의 유한요소해석 모델은 집합조직의 발전에 따른 이방성과 미세기공의 성장에 따른 기계적 성질의 열성화를 평형방정식에 직접 결합하였다 따라서 집합조직의 발전 및 기공률의 변화를 예측하고 동시에 이방성과 기계적성질의 열성화를 해석에 반영할 수 있다. 더불어 오일러리안 해석에서 형상예측을 위하여 자유곡면 수정법과 유선추적법을 유한요소해석 모델에 결합하였다 본 연구의 공정해석 모델을 평판 압연, 클래드압연, 삼차원 사각단면봉의 압연 및 형상압연에 적용하여 집합 조기의 발전, R-값, 항복곡면, 결함성장 등의 기계적성질의 변화 예측과 클래드 압연시에 이중재 접촉면 형상, 배불림, 형상압연 시의 단면변화 등의 형상변화 예측을 보여주었다.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.394-403
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• 2022

In the automotive industry, cold-drawn austenitic stainless steel is commonly used to handle high fuel pressures in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. In this study, we analyzed the effects of main process variables such as cross-sectional shape, drawing speed and friction coefficient on the microstructure, hardness and residual stress of the drawn material in the two-step cold drawing process. By changing the cross-sectional shape in the first-step cold drawing, the possibility of improving the shape accuracy or physical properties of the finally cold-drawn fuel rail pressure sensor product was investigated.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.111-117
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• 2017

This study examined the material properties of Korean rice husk ash (RHA) according to the manufacturing process, and evaluated the feasibility of its use as a new admixture for high strength concrete. For this purpose, its particle size distribution, chemical composition, and microstructure were analyzed under various parameters, such as calcination temperature ($400^{\circ}C$, $650^{\circ}C$, and $900^{\circ}C$) and the inclusion of a milling process. X-ray fluorescence analysis confirmed that the silicon oxide ($SiO_2$) content of RHA was improved to more than 92% with a calcination process at $650^{\circ}C$ or higher. In addition, microstructural analysis showed that the RHA calcined at $650^{\circ}C$ has a porous structure. Because of this, the absorption capacity of the RHA was improved. On the other hand, when the milling process was applied, the porous structure was destroyed; thus, the absorption capacity tended to decrease further. Based on the analysis results, it was concluded that RHA calcined at $650^{\circ}C$ can be used as an admixture for high strength concrete, which possesses functions of both a shrinkage reducing agent and a pozzolanic activator.

• Cement
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• s.119
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• pp.56-63
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• 1990

• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.53-60
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• 1990

본 글은 완성된 circuit를 thick-film hybrid IC화 하기 위하여 고려하여야 할 사항인 설계의 기본개념, 기판 재질의 소개 및 특성, 도체, 저항, 유전체 paste를 소개하고 제조 기술 분야에서는 기본공정인 인쇄, 소성, 트리밍, packaging에 대하여 기술하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.192-202
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• 2019

Physicochemical properties and sintering characteristics of pottery stone (Taebaek, Haenam, Aphae, Haengnam) were evaluated as a raw material for porcelain products. Due to acid leaching procedure, the concentration of iron oxide ($Fe_2O_3$) was decreased to < 1.0 wt%, which affects the whiteness of sintered samples. Mean particle size of acid leached samples is $5.7{\sim}10{\mu}m$ with narrow particle size distribution (PSD), which is lower than that of the pristine ($8{\sim}18{\mu}m$) with broad PSD. According to phase analysis by X-ray diffraction, most of pottery stones (PS) have Quartz phase as a main phase with Pyrophyllite as a second phase, however, Haenam PS shows halloysite phase. The absorption rate was in order of Taebaek (A, B, C)~Aphae (A, B) < Taebaek (Special A) < Haengnam < Haenam, and the samples sintered in reductive atmosphere showed lower absorption rate. This result might be due to the concentration of feldspar contained in PS, working as a flux in sintering process. Comparing the color of the sintered samples, the whiteness of refined PS (Taebaek special A, Haenam, Hangnam) is higher than acid leached PS (Taebaek A/B/C, Aphae A/B). The whiteness (L*) for refined PS is 95~97 %, which is higher than acid leached (82~96 %). This might be due to lower iron oxide concentration of the refined PS (0.11~0.58 %) than those of the acid leached PS (0.41~1.91 %) even though most of iron oxide was removed by acid leaching.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2004

Thick film photolithography is a new technology in that the lithography process such as exposure and development is applied to the conventional thick film process including screen-printing. In this research, low-temperature cofireable silver paste, which enabled the formation of thick film fine-line using photolithographic technology, was developed. The optimum composition for fine-line forming was studied by adjusting the amounts of silver powder, polymer and monomer, and the additional amount of photoinitiator, and then the effect of processing parameter such as exposing dose on the formation of fine-line was also tested. As the result, it was found that the ratio of polymer to monomer, silver powder loading, and the amount of photoinitiator were the main factors affecting the resolution of fine-line. The developed photosensitive silver paste was printed on low-temperature cofireable green sheet, then dried, exposed, developed in aqueous process, laminated, and fired. Results showed that the thick film fine-line under 20$\mu\textrm{m}$ width could be obtained after cofiring.