• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.2 s.62
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• pp.21-30
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• 2006

Since Daegu subway arson fire disaster in 2003, there have been several copycat crimes such as at Seoul Metro line number seven and Hongkong Chuiwan line cases. Oil and gas were used for fire propagation in most cases as in Daegu case and such fire could be expanded to a whole subway cabin within several minutes. The fire may eventually cause the whole subway system stop. Fire damage can be minimized when fire occurrence and diffusion are blocked by stages or isolated rapidly. This study suggests an effective early response system that separates passengers from fire and a real-time fire extinguishment program by stages. Based on the subway arson case studies, the early response scenario has been structured by three stages, i.e., confirmation of fire and damage, early fire extinguishment, and information dissemination and passengers evacuation.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

The current study aims to propose a reorganization plan for the national emergency management system to improve the current organizational structure for responding to national disasters and emergency situations. As a theoretical framework, the current study identified four key elements of successful disaster response systems: responsiveness, controllability, expertise, and devotedness. On the basis of the four key elements of disaster response systems, this study critically reviewed the current state of the organizational structure of the Korean national emergency response system by discussing the issues inherent in the current structure and by doing a comparative analysis of two high-profile national disaster cases-the Sewol ferry disaster in 2014 and the Gwangsan Rescue of buried people in 2013. Then, this study proposed the reorganization plan for the national disaster response system in which the NEMA is under direct control of the Prime Minister of Korea. It coordinates and controls the related government departments, such as the police, maritime police, and military during the national disaster and emergency situation. This study also proposed a reorganizational plan for the regional disaster response system in Korea. Finally, it was suggested that the status of firefighters should be elevated to the national public servant level in order to achieve organizational efficiency and solve existing problems that come from the current separated systems.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

Many fire-fighters suffer from the burn injuries, and the severe burns are the most catastrophic injury a person can survive, resulting in pain, emotional stress, and tremendous economic costs. It is important to understand the physiology of burns for prevention from skin burns and a successful treatment of a burn patient. But a few researches have been presented because the complex physical phenomena of our inside body like non-linearity characteristics of human skin make them difficult. Thus in this study, thermal analyses of biological tissues exposed to a flash fire causing severe tissue damage were studied by using a finite difference method based on the Pennes bio-heat equation. The several previous models for skin thermo-physical properties were summarized, and the calculated values with those models of tissue injury were compared with the results obtained by the previous experiment for low heat flux conditions. The skin models with good agreement could be found. Also, the skin burn injury prediction results with the best model for high heat flux conditions by flash flame were suggested.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.112-112
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• 2011

오늘날 우리 사회의 생활과 문화의 질이 향상됨에 따라 공공 및 개인의 안전과 건강에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있다. 특히, 재난과 비상사태는 생명에 대한 희생뿐만 아니라 훨씬 더 심각한 경제적인 결과를 초래한다. 이러한 응급사태에 개비하여 적절히 준비되지 않았거나 재난의 예방 및 완화시킬 방법을 가지고 있지 못한다면 도시의 발전적인 프로젝트는 예고 없이 도시를 강타하는 재난 및 비상사태에 의해 무산되고 만다. 이러한 여건 하에 재난과 응급사고를 효율적으로 대처하는 응급처치와 서비스에 대한 급격한 관심과 함께 일정한 결정적 대응시간 내에 각종사고와 재해로부터 방어할 수 있는 공공서비스에 대한 필요성이 크게 증가되었다. 본 연구에서는 신고, 응급구조, 환자이송 등 도시의 병원 전 단계 의료환경에 대해서 조사하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 반응시간과 출동거리를 분석함으로써, 응급사고에 즉시 응급구조서비스를 제공하기 위해 안전센터(119센터)의 최적 입지를 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 사고발생, 반응시간, 출동거리 등을 응급의료 활동과 관련된 연구논문, 대상지 전역의 소방기록물과 출동일지 등의 통계자료를 활용하여 신속한 응급의료 서비스를 위한 패턴을 분석 하였다. 또한 응급구조대의 조직과 활동의 분석을 통해 응급의료시설의 최적 입지설정을 위한 제도적 개선대안을 마련해 보았다. 대상지 연구를 위해, 구조활동 및 소방서비스의 최근 통계자료의 조사를 통해 진주시의 모든 119센터의 입지와 응급의료서비스 및 사고발생 현황을 나타내었다. 자료 분석을 위해서 SPSS14.0을 사용하였으며, 지역의 특성 분포, 안전센터별 대응시간, 이송시간 등을 소방 GPS시스템과 입지할당모형 중 Center Point Model(CPM)을 적용하였다. 결과적으로 본 연구를 통해 대상지역의 119안전센터의 서비스 질이 나쁜 지역을 지리학적인 관점에서 최적 입지/배분 패턴의 설정을 통해 확인할 수 있었으며, 이를 통해 미래 응급의료서비스의 효율적인 입지/배분을 통해 공공 및 개인의 안전과 건강에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.70-80
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• 2015

This research was conducted to improve the image of female emergency workers in a fire service organization by studying the perception trends of the increasing number of female paramedics. This human resource can be utilized more effectively by using the study results as baseline data. We conducted a survey from May 1 to June 30, 2013. The survey was analyzed using Q methodology and the program QUANL. For the Q sample, 31 emergency rescue paramedic students who had experienced ambulance field education were selected. As a result, four types of female paramedics were found; "superwoman," "hero" (who pushes against limits of stamina), "delicate guardian angel," and "skillful desk worker." The explanation powers were as follows: type I: 42.2%; type II: 4.8%; type III: 4%; and type IV: 3.6%. The sum of the figures explained 54.7% of the total variables. Generally, the students recognized female paramedics as professionals, but physical strength, baby care, and caring were considered as burdens. This requires changes in the organization's perception of female paramedics and an institutional strategy.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.151-158
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• 2014

In this study, the problems in the domestic disaster management system were identified through the examination of the system, relevant implications were drawn through the present status of domestic integrated disaster management system, and the consciousness survey for the integrated disaster management system targeting fire-fighting officers in the front line of the disaster was carried out to identify the measures to improve the system. Based on the findings, the measures to establish and revitalize the integrated disaster management system was presented, and the contents of the measures are as follows. In order to establish and revitalize the integrated disaster management system, the following measures should be prepared for each item. In the organizational aspect, the coordination system between government agencies should be established properly and the relevant information should he shared and delivered smoothly. In the legal and institutional aspect, the improvement is required to prevent any miscommunications in the coordination and joint operation plan through the collaboration between government agencies should be established in consideration of characteristics of each government agency. Also, in the aspect of system, the equipment should be maintained and updated continuously in order to respond to rapidly changing disasters and the organization, laws, institutions and system should be improved systematically and harmoniously. And, the detailed measures appropriate for the characteristics of domestic disasters should be prepared through the examination of advantages and disadvantages of integrated disaster management system in advanced countries in details and the detailed plans for the establishment of integrated situation management system in relevant organizations and the unification of situation room through the establishment of efficient integrated management system should be established.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.119-138
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• 2009

Work and family are two major fields of one's life. In the past, the role of each gender has been separated, and there was no conflict between two fields. However, the increasing rate of working woman and the mode of social change that the male has also responsible of caring family and individuals has more interested in their personal life make consider these two fields as a whole. A number of studies have shown that OCB contribute in important ways to organizational functioning and performance. Whereas citizenship behavior may affect organizations in several positive ways, it is also possible that engaging in such behaviors could have negative consequences for the employees who do so. There may be other personal costs such as work-family conflict that accrue to individuals who engage in high levels of citizenship behavior. The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of the SOC strategy and Family Friendly Atmosphere on the negative effects of OCB on Work-Family Conflict. Questionnaire data were collected from 590 in different jobs. According to the result of empirical analysis, it proved that the more OCB effect on the more Work-Family Conflict. it also was found that the SOC strategy and Family Friendly Atmosphere moderate the relation between OCB and Work-Family Conflict. At the end of the paper, theoretical and managerial implications of this study, future research directions are discussed.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.915-938
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• 2017

This study examines the case of living lab led by intermediary and explores the development possibility as living lab platform. The analyzed cases are 'The Seoul Innovation Park Living lab', 'Korea Senior Living lab' of Seongnam Senior Experience complex, and 'Disaster Safety Living lab'. As a result of the analysis, all three cases have formed a user panel to form a living lab platform, and provide living lab service to internal and external organizations. A common feature that combines a technology platform with a 4Ps-based governance platform is identified. However, the characteristics, the meaning, and the process are different from case to case. In the future, the living lab platform needs to share learning experiences that are going on individually, since domestic living lab platform is in the early stage. Through this, it is necessary to seek collaboration and cooperation with related similar projects, and to jointly promote institutional and physical infrastructures related to living labs.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.78-86
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• 2017

Disasters in South Korea are taking on more diverse and intricate aspects than before, while being affected by the industrial development and deterioration of the cities. Therefore, it is urgently needed for success in disaster countermeasures to secure emergency communications operating system which would make it possible to share various information between the control tower and field personnel quickly and accurately. This study proposes a method of improving the national emergency communications operating system based on the Federal disaster management system, emergency communications system, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) employed in the US, which is the leading country in the field of disaster management. First, the organization of the emergency communications needs to be more systematized than in the past. The organization of the emergency communications of the central and local governments have to be administered according to their different roles and objectives. Furthermore, they must cooperate with each other based on interoperability. Second, emergency communications councils need to be established, composed of representatives related to disasters, and national and regional units need to be formed and operated separately. Third, the SOPs should not only cover both the operational and technical elements, but also assign the roles and responsibilities to the members of the disaster communications system. These improvements will assure the correct functioning of the disaster communications system in the field, which is expected to increase the probability of success in disaster countermeasures.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.133-145
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• 2014

Aging of the fire organizations, typical disaster response agencies also will be in serious problems with aging society. It is expected that the ratio of more than fifties will reach 31~40% after 10~15 years in Seoul fire organization. This Aging of firefighters can bring about a serious problem in disaster and safety management, since firefighters require robust fitness and healthy bodies in disaster situations. In this study, after the analysis of aging status and trend of firefighters in Seoul, I have an empirical analysis about the impact this aging has on organization effectiveness and QA. As a result, the increase of the elderly reduced organization effectiveness and QA. In addition, in the group consisting of less than 50, it is expected to increase the organization's effectiveness and QA activities through field activity to improve the professional skills with age, but could not be confirmed. In the group consisting of more than fifties, it was found that aging had a significant negative impact on organizational effectiveness and QA activities as factors, including physical deterioration by aging.