• Title/Summary/Keyword: 소다

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A Study on the Penetration of Dexamethasone into Oral Mucosa with the Use of Iontophoresis (이온영동법에 의한 Dexamethasone의 구강점막에의 침투에 관한 연구)

  • Sung-Woo Lee;Young-Ku Kim;Hong-Seop Kho
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.9-23
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    • 1991
  • 이온 영동법은 전기력의 도움으로 이온화된 물질의 신체조직내 침투를 증가시키는 술식으로서 전신적 부작용은 줄어드는 반면, 국소부위의 약물농도를 증가시킬 수 있다는 장점 때문에 효과적인 국소요법으로 인정받고 있다. 치의학 분야에서는 과민상아질의 치료를 위해 불소 이온영동법이 빈번히 이용되어져 왔으며, 국소마취제나 항바이러스 제재의 도포시에도이용되었다.또,이온 영동법에 의한 스테로이드 투여로 피부나 구강점막의 염증성 질환의 효과적 치료를 보고한 많은 문헌이 있으나, 이온영동법에 의한 스테로이드의 구강점막에의 침투량이나 분포에 관해서는 거의 소개된 바가 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 방사선 동위원소가 부착된 dexamethasone을 이온영동법을 이용하여 가토의 협점막에 침투시킨후 자기방사선 술식에 의해 그 침투량과 분포를 대조군과 비교 평가하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 이온영동법은 단순 국소도포에 비해 dexamethasone과 0.1M 인산소다 완충용액의 혼합액(dexamethasone in 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer solution)의 가토 협점막 침투량을 증가시켰으며, 양극을 사용하였을 때 더 효과적이었다. 2. Dexamethasone과 0.1M 인산소다 완충용액의 혼합액 투여 4시가, 24시간후 까지도 양극 잉온영동법이 효과적이었으며 은입자의 감소는 투여 4시간부터 24시간 후 사이에 주로 일어났다. 3. 인산소다 완충용액의 첨가는 양극 및 음극에 의한 이온영동법 모두에 효과적이었으며, 양극에 가장 효과적이었고 단순도포군에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 4. 이온영동법에 의한 스테로이드 투여는 피부뿐만 아니라구강점막 염증성 병소의 효과적 치료술식으로 여거질 수 있다. 시와 maximal clenching시 사이의 치아 접촉시간에서도 유의한 상관관계를 보였다.

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Studies on the compound spun silk and its fabrics (복합견방사 및 그 제품개발에 관한 연구)

  • 남중희;송기언
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.27-39
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    • 1976
  • In this study several kinds of spun silk yarn-synthetic filament compounded yarn was manufactured, and several fabrics woven from above mentioned silk compound yarn for evaluation of serviceability as clothing materials. The following results were obtained: 1. Degumming agents are in the order of sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbornate, soap and water. 2. When the concentration of sodium hydroxide is exceeded 3%, degradation of floss silk property is resulted because of excessive dissolving out of silk protein. 3. Degumming effect is much improved by concentration of degumming agent and less by its treating time. 4. Simultaneous application of more the 2 kinds of degumming agent is desirable for improvement of floss silk. 5. Application of natural organic acid brings very good results in keeping original scooping and color of the silk. 6. Load and elongation it increased by compound with synthetic filament yarn. 7. Even the evenness of compound yarn is largely dependent on the quality of floss silk and extent of degumming, the C.V.% of silk compound yarn in the experiment was 8-12%. 8. Single bath dyeing technique was impossible for their cloth, and dyeing was performed in 2 bath system separately for silk and synthetic fiber. 9. Shrinkage ratio due to the dyeing of fabric was 23% in case of polyester and spun silk fabric. 10. The final woven cloth can be applicable to (a) Blouse in care of thin cloth (compound silk fabric) (b) Korean costume for women in case of thick cloth. (compound hand spun silk fabric)

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Archaeological Chemistry of Classes Excavated at Songdong-ri tombs, Sangju, Korea (경상북도 상주 성동리고분 출토 유리구슬의 고고화학적 연구)

  • KIM, Gyu-Ho
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.16 s.16
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    • pp.104-109
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    • 2004
  • The characteristics and composition of the ancient glasses excavated at Songdong-ri, Sangju, Kyongsangbuk-do were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope attached with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer. As the results, the glass beads of Songdong-ri showed that there were changed the composition, the color and types according to the periods. There were appeared potash and soda glass group at A.D.4 century and potash and mixed alkali glass group at A.D. 17 century. The potash glasses of A.D. 4c. were colored blue and contained low $Al_2O_3$ and CaO composition as below $5\%$. The soda glasses of This period were colored blue and red, and contained $Al_2O_3$ composition as upper $5\%$. But the potash glasses of A.D.17c. showed the transparent yellow color and considerably higher CaO, $11.7\%$. 'Coil glasses' typed unique were colored yellow-brown, Cu-blue and colorless, were classified the mixed alkali glass as upper $5\%\;of\;Na_2O\;and\;K_2O$. The composition of coil glasses were presented first at this study.

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Design of an Automatic Titration System for Caustic Soda Treatment System Using the Equivalent Point Estimation Algorithm (당량점 예측 알고리듬에 의한 가성소다 처리 섬유감량 시스템용 자동적정 장치 설계)

  • Cho, Jin-Ho;Jin, Kyoung-Chan;You, Byoung-Heui;Koo, Sung-Mo;Kim, Myoung-Nam;Lee, Jong-Hyun;Lee, Heung-Lark
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.28-35
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    • 1994
  • Caustic Soda Treatment Systems need a concentration measurement device in order to monitor the weight reduction amount of polyester fabrics. Since the reduction process requires several concentration measurements, we have to do the unit titration fast and exactly. Therefore, a proposition of estimation algorithm for finding the equivalent point in the titration process is needed. In this paper, we used the cardinal spline algorithm, to estimate the proper curve with the measured pH-values after each injection of titration sdution, to predict the equivalent point. While the processing time is elapsed, several equivalent points are estimated and drawed the line graph of fabrics weight reduction automatically. Finally, we designed the hardware and the software of an automatic titration system that can generate the reduction ending signal of Caustic Soda Treatment System.

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Acute Toxicity Study of Poly(sodium acrylic acid-acrylic acid) in Rats and Mice (랫드와 마우스에서 폴리(아크릴산 소다-아크릴산)의 급성 경구 독성 시험에 관한 연구)

  • 박기숙;서경원;김효정
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.97-103
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    • 1993
  • The acute toxicity of orally administered poly(sodium acrylic acid-acrylic acid), powerfully water-absorbent polymer, was el'aluated in Sprague-Dawley rats and feR mice. Rats and mice aging 6 weeks were gavaged with 0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.4, 6.7, or 10 g of poly(sodium acrylic acidacrylic acid)/kg in com oil. No animal died by treatment and any toxic symptom was not observed in the treated animals during 2 weeks. The body weight of the treated animals was not significantly different from the controls. The results of macroscopic examination on the organs of the treated animals revealed no abnormal findings. Therefore, it was concluded that poly(sodium acrylic acidacrylic acid) was practically non-toxic when it was orally administrated to rats and mice up to 10 g/kg, and its $LD_{50}$ was evaluated more than 10 g/kg in rats and mice.

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Evaluation of Cleaning Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis Module Using Micro-bubble (미세기포를 이용한 역삼투 모듈 세정 효율 평가)

  • Kim, Dongjin;Kang, Shingyung;Cho, Hayoung;Lee, Jeawoo;Moon, Ilshik
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.104-107
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    • 2017
  • Among many methods in solving the organic contamination in the reverse osmosis operation, caustic soda (NaOH) wash method is efficient and commercially affordable. In continuation of our many organic pollution removal works, this study focused mainly on caustic soda wash with micro-bubble to removal the organic contamination of the spent membrane from reverse osmosis process. First, the membrane was forced the pollute using known organic pollutants such as Humic acid, Bovine serum albumin, Sodium alginate drug. The organic contamination on the membrane was monitored flux. The decontamination of organic contaminants was derived flux variation at individual caustic soda was injected micro-bubble methods and combined method as well. the found results explain removal of organic contaminants effective only by combined caustic soda wash with micro-bubble methods.

Oxygen Ring Formation Reaction of Monoxo-Bridged Binuclear Molybdenum (V) Complexes (I). Reaction of $[Mo_2O_3(bipy)_2(NCS)_4]$ with Solvent Water in Aqueous Acetone Mixture (한개의 산소다리를 가진 몰리브덴 (V) 착물의 산소고리화반응 (I). 아세톤 수용매에서 용매물과 $[Mo_2O_3(bipy)_2(NCS)_4]$ 의 반응)

  • Oh Sang Oh;Jin Ki Kwon;Chang Su Kim
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.345-351
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    • 1986
  • Monoxo-bridged binuclear molybdenum(V) complex, $[Mo_2O_3\;(bipy)_2\;(NCS)_4]$ in aqueous acetone mixture produces the corresponding dioxo-bridged binuclear molybdenum(V) complex, $MoO_4(bipy)_2(NCS)_2$. The rate of conversion of $[Mo_2O_3(bipy)_2(NCS)_4]$ to $MoO_4(bipy)_2(NCS)_2$ has been measured by spectrophotometric method. The rate of formation of dioxo-bridged binuclear molybdenum(V) complexes with solvent water follows the rate law, rate = k$[Mo_2O_3(bipy)_2(NCS)_4]\;[H_2O]$. The reaction mechanism for the formation of dioxo-bridged complex is discussed. The observed negative volume of activation shows that the complex is strongly attracted to the solvent molecules at transition state.

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