• 월간 기계설비
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• s.43
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• pp.76-82
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 도시공해 방지를 위해 도시가스를 사용하는 경우 거주자의 생활 수준이나 단지의 밀도 및 난방부하 설정 등에 다소 차이는 있으나 소규모 고층아파트(공동주택)의 난방방식중 중앙난방 방식과 개별난방 방식의 초기 시설비, 연료비, 시설 관리비의 경제성을 검토하고 난방 시스템의 지침을 제시하였다. 전체 공사비(초기투자비)는 개별난방 방식이 중앙난방 방식 보다 약2$\%$정도 절감 되었다. 난방비와 시설관리에 따른 인건비 면에서도 난방의 경우 개별난방 방식이 중앙 난방방식에 비하여 난방과 하절기 운수만을 별도로 사용하는 경우 개별난방방식이 중앙난방방식보다 난방비가 9$\%$정도 더 들었으며, 시설관리 인건비 면에서는 중앙 난방 방식보다 개별난방 방식이 66.7$\%$ 적게 들었다. 전체적으로 중앙난방 방식보다 개별난방 방식이 초기투자비 및 유지관리 면에서 경제성이 우수함이 확인되었다. 본지에서는 삼익건설 기획관리부 홍도유 과장이 $\ulcorner$공동주택에 있어서 중앙식과 개별식 가스난방의 경제적 특성에 관한 연구$\lrcorner$ 자료를 지난 1월호엔 지면관계로 게재하지 못했음을 알려 드린다.

• 월간 기계설비
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• s.44
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• pp.90-101
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 도시공해 방지를 위해 도시가스를 사용하는 경우 거주자의 생활 수준이나 단지의 밀도 및 난방부하 설정 등에 다소 차이는 있으나 소규모 고층아파트(공동주택)의 난방방식중 중앙난방 방식과 개별난방 방식의 초기 시설비, 연료비, 시설 관리비의 경제성을 검토하고 난방 시스템의 지침을 제시하였다. 전체 공사비(초기투자비)는 개별난방 방식이 중앙난방 방식 보다 약2$\%$정도 절감 되었다. 난방비와 시설관리에 따른 인건비 면에서도 난방의 경우 개별난방 방식이 중앙 난방방식에 비하여 난방과 하절기 운수만을 별도로 사용하는 경우 개별난방방식이 중앙난방방식보다 난방비가 9$\%$정도 더 들었으며, 시설관리 인건비 면에서는 중앙 난방 방식보다 개별난방 방식이 66.7$\%$ 적게 들었다. 전체적으로 중앙난방 방식보다 개별난방 방식이 초기투자비 및 유지관리 면에서 경제성이 우수함이 확인되었다. 본지에서는 삼익건설 기획관리부 홍도유 과장이 $\ulcorner$공동주택에 있어서 중앙식과 개별식 가스난방의 경제적 특성에 관한 연구$\lrcorner$ 자료를 이번 3월호를 끝으로 게재한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.142-142
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• 2015

저영향개발 기법은 유역개발에 따른 수문 및 환경적 영향을 최소화하기 위해 자연상태를 가급적 보존하고 불투수 면적을 최대한 줄이며, 우수발생 지점에서부터 소규모로 우수를 관리하는 분산식 우수배제 방식을 지향한다. 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 저영향개발 기법을 이용한 도시유역의 우수관리에 관한 효과를 기술적, 경제적 관점에서 정량적으로 평가하는 것이다. 이를 위해 기존 개발 방식으로 계획된 송산 그린시티 동측지구에 저영향개발 기법을 적용하였고, 결과를 기존 개발 방식과 비교하여 저영향개발 기법의 효과를 분석하였다. 대상유역에 대하여 저영향개발 기법을 적용하기 위해 분산식 우수배제 방식을 도입하였고(그림 1), 식생수로와 인공습지 등의 저영향개발 요소기술을 적용하였다(그림 2). 연구에서는 SWMM을 이용하여 저영향개발 기법과 기존 개발 방식에 의한 우수관리를 각각 모의하였고, 모의 결과를 홍수, 물순환, 비점오염 저감의 관점에서 비교 검토하였다(그림 3과 4). 또한, 개략 공사비 산정을 통해 기존 개발 방식 대비 저영향개발 기술의 경제적 효과를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 저영향개발 기법을 적용할 경우, 상대적으로 저 비용으로도 기존 개발 방식에 의한 우수관리보다 더 높은 효과를 달성할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.51-56
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• 2018

Due to the aging of economically active population in the world, the average age of workers in the domestic construction industry is also steadily increasing. This study analyzes the aging of construction workers in small-size construction sites in Busan, where the aging of the economically active population is the most severe in Korea. As a result of the study on the aging of construction workers in six construction sites with a construction cost of less than 500 million won in Busan, it was found that 65% of the workers were over 50 years of age. In addition, several experts interviews and survey revealed that 'securing welfare facilities for construction workers' and 'diminishing prejudice about the construction industry" were the most urgent and effective methods to overcome the aging problems. The results of this study can be served as basic data to solve the aging problems in the industry.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.3-13
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• 2018

The formwork cost amounts for a significant proportion of project construction costs. It costs 10-15% of the total construction cost and 30-40% of the frame structure construction cost. In addition, the formwork collapse accidents are frequently causing deaths in the construction industry, and thus, is known to be of relatively high degree of risk. As so, the accuracy of structural calculation and quantity take-off when planning the formwork in a construction project are a very important matter. Accordingly, this study develops a BIM based formwork design prototype, that enables the construction manager to optimize the design through applying the proposed new IFC entities associated with the formwork design. The approach proposed in this study is expected to support the construction manager with accurate quantity calculation and rapid planning and construction. Since this study considered specific small-scale buildings using Euro-form and show the possibility of utilizing BIM entities in the formwork design process, further research is recommended towards the limitations in applying the system to other types of formworks.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.747-757
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• 2017

Of safety check regulation, 'Construction Technology Promotion Act' and 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' contain provisions about the content of safety in construction works and the items of safety checks in the maintenance aspect and thus contribute to accident prevention in the construction industry. Of the regulations responsible for the practical safety of workers, the safety check regulation of Ministry of Employment and Labor demand for safety check from the start of construction based on an agreement with a concerned agency to the completion of construction solely based on 'Guidance Standards for the Specialized Disaster Prevention Instruction in Article 32 of Occupational Safety and Health Act' and 'Appropriation and Usage Standards of Safety and Health Management Costs in the Construction Industry'. There is, however, a huge gap, as well, in them according to client agencies. In small construction sites ordered by a private organization, checks are done formally with no detailed regulations. As a result, the costs of checks continue to drop with only the contract kept intact. This study examined the forms of safety checks practically done in the Jeju region, distinguished and compared them by the construction costs, calculated proper costs based on each construction act, and further proposed improvement measures for the detailed regulations.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5D
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• pp.839-848
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• 2006

Korea has become the 5th country to own and operate the high speed railroad in 2004. However, there were many difficulties until Koreans enjoy the first bullet train service with the average hourly speed of 300km. The high speed railroad requires elevated quality standards differently from the traditional railways. In addition to the technical difficulties, the construction project itself was an unpleasant case with huge delays and cost overruns mainly due to the lack of experiences, deficiency of owner$^{\circ}{\O}$s role, and increase of public resistances triggered by environmental concerns. This paper analyzes the reasons for delays on this mega-project. With respect to the characteristics of the whole project level, it is very complicated/linear project, whose total length is around 412 km with the composition of various sections in the route of the railway which have basically different conditions. For that reason, the analysis is performed in both macro and micro level. First, macroscopic analysis is performed to find critical subdivisions in the railway route that induces the significant delay in the opening due date. Then, microscopic analysis is followed to quantify the causes and effects of delays focused on these critical subdivisions in more detailed way. Finally, this paper provides lessons learned from this project to avoid the decisive delays in performing the similar large-scaled projects.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1413-1420
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• 2015

On the design phase of small size bridge, owing to the lack of related guidelines or standards to determine a superstructure type of bridge, many designers tend to select the type depending on expert's experience and knowledge. Moreover, recently, as types of bridge superstructure become diverse and more conditions need to be considered in the project, the decision makes process become complex. This research covered the selection of a superstructure type of a middle or small size bridge with span length of about 50m, which frequently built for national roadway, selecting type of bridge superstructure more systematic way rather than the existing ways to compare construction methods or to depend on expert's experiences. This study proposes to build a bridge superstructure type selection model using one of the techniques of artificial intelligence techniques SVM by applicability of the model examined through the verification of the actual case.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2018

In the civil works, the measurement of earth-volume is one of the important elements in the estimation of the reasonable construction cost. Related studies mainly used GPS (Global Positioning System) or total station to obtain information on civil work areas. However, these methods are difficult to implement in inaccessible areas. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to use the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) to measure the earth-volume. The study area is located in a reservoir construction site in Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea. We compared the earth-volume amounts acquired by UAV-based surveying to ones acquired by total station-based and GPS-based surveying, respectively. In the site, the amount of earth-volume acquired by GPS was $147,286.79m^3$. The amount of earth-volume acquired by total station was $147,286.79m^3$, which is the 96.13% accuracy compared to the GPS-based surveying. The earth-volume obtained by UAV was $143,997.05m^3$ when measured without GCPs (Ground Control Points), $147,251.71m^3$ with 4 GCPs measurement, and $146,963.81m^3$ with 7 GCPs measurement. Compared to the GPS-based surveying, 97.77%, 99.98%, and 99.78% accuracies were obtained from the UAV-based surveying without GCP, 4 GCPs, and 7 GCPs, respectively. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the UAV-based surveying can be used for the earth-volume measurement.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.59-64
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• 2018

As part of measures to reduce fine dust, the government is promoting a project to convert the fuel of Yard Tractors(YT, tractors operated at ports), from diesel to LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). While a port having a small number of yard tractors, it is not proper to construct a stationary LNG fueling station and supply LNG to YT due to a problem of BOG (Boil off gas) generation. Therefore, it is necessary to make a regulation and a standard on mobile LNG YT refueling station installation and inspection as an alternative. In this study, we have investigated domestic and foreign mobile LNG refueling cases and refueling standards, including the USA and Europe. In addition, we have suggested the risk reduction method according to the cause after investigation of the cause of LNG accidents. And last, based on the proposed risk reduction measures, we have proposed an amendment to the Regulation of the Urban Gas Business Law in Korea. The proposed mobile LNG YT refueling amendment of the Regulation includes ; maintenance of the safety distance from the protection facility, installation of an interlock device to prevent refueling in places other than the authorized place, installation of the identification system through biometrics, separation of the tank lorry and tow vehicle before refueling, checking the wheel fixed status of tank lorry before refueling, construction of the impounding area, safety measures before, during and after refueling, etc. The safety standards proposed in this study could be used as a reference in establishing standards for mobile LNG vehicle refueling in the near future.