• Clean Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2018

Phosphorus (P) is an essential and irreplaceable element for all living organisms, and it is widely used as a fertilizer. Unfortunately, it is estimated that phosphate reservoir is depleted within about 100 years. Sewage sludge ash (SSA) is an alternative resource for P recovery because of its high P content. However, SSA cannot be directly used as a fertilizer due to heavy metals in it and low P bioavailability. Thermochemical treatment with Cl donor is known to reduce heavy metal contents and increase P bioavailability of SSA. Literature review on thermochemical technologies of SSA for the reduction of heavy metals and bioavailability enhancement has been carried out to estimate the status of current P recovery technology and to develop strategic future research plan for P recovery. The review showed that $CaCl_2$ and $MgCl_2$ were the most effective Cl donors and reaction temperature (< $1000^{\circ}C$) was the critical operation condition for the reduction. The removal efficiency depends on the species of heavy metals. Thermochemical technology of SSA for P recovery showed the possibility of commercial application in the near future to overcome the coming crisis of human sustainability by P depletion, but it needs cost effectiveness and more ecofriendly process to reduce energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2018

Recently, many studies have focused on the explosive waste treatment in terms of the safety and environmental pollution. A combustion process using fluidized bed incinerator has several profits : continuous process, low pollutive gases such as NOx, and high process efficiency. This study focused on the design of the propellant combustion reactor by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulation technique. As a result, the reactions are successfully simulated in cylindrical incinerator, and. The study will influence to the research about treatment of explosive wastes.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.105-110
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• 2001

To provide successful treatment policy and to apply sources for establishing plan, municipal solid wastes quantity was investigated as physical and chemical characteristics from Sunchon city. Results are like following after checking out characteristics by seasons, type. The average specific weight of municipal solid wastes is $219kg/m^3$ for combustible wastes, $391kg/m^3$ for non-combustible. Food wastes of combustible wastes contained moisture of 38.1% as standard of moisture weight per real weight, 49.6% moisture is contained in non-combustible wastes except food wastes moisture. Moisture, volatile and ash are contented by 16.9%, 68.1% and 15.0% in combustible wastes except food wastes. That means combustible wastes are available a refuse incineration. The low calorific value of only combustible waste is 2,962kca1/kg that is good for refuse incineration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.901-908
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• 2009

We examine the processing method of the food wastewater to direct spray at living waste incinerator. The demoscale stoker system is used as a incineration facility. The results show that it brings effect on the reduction of nitrogen oxide ($NO_x$) concentration as well as the ammonia ($NH_3$) amount in SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) by the incineration of food wastewater which is containing a plentiful ammoniac nitrogen ($NH_3$-N). Furthermore, the stability of incineration facility and the extension of operation period is actualized as a improvement of clogging phenomenon on outer wall of water pipe as the 870~$950^{\circ}C$ maintain of exit temperature in a second combustor by spray of the food wastewater. The 26 items of air pollution matter of nitrogen oxide ($NO_x$), sulfur oxide ($SO_x$) and dioxin etc. are measured. The results show that it is under the value of allowable exhaust standard.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2008

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.28
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• pp.22-25
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• 2004

㈜코엔텍은 울산지역을 대표하는 산업폐기물 처리업체다. 이 사업장은 지난 2002년 소각폐열을 재활용해 남아도는 스팀을 인근 업체에 공급함으로써 수익을 벌어들이는 특수한 형태의 ESCO사업을 실시했다. 스팀공급사업을 통해 한해 벌어들이는 순수입이 약 16억원에 이른다. 이같은 사업의 시행이 가능했던 것은 지자체의 적극적인 지원과 코엔텍의 확고한 시행의지, 그리고 SK의 축적된 기술노하우가 결합했기 때문으로 풀이되고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2010

Characteristics of household wastes production from fishing village in small island was investigated. Investigation was conducted in August and December to represent seasonal characteristics of summer and winter, respectively. Amount of household wastes production was 0.65 kg/capita·day and this is relatively low value compared with nationwide average. Food wastes, papers, vinyl and plastics are major part of combustible portion in household wastes. Composting is inappropriate method as a final disposal method in terms of C/N ratio calculated from elemental analysis. It is recommended that incineration can be appropriate way as a final disposal method of household wastes because low heating value of household wastes is equivalent to that of crude oil. The fraction of food wastes in household is considerably higher than the values obtained from other residential areas in nationwide. Thus, it is evaluated that household composting devices and vermicomposting facilities are necessary to reduce the amount of food wastes. It also can be evaluated that incineration is optimal method as disposal method of household wastes from fishing village except food wastes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.269-270
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• 2000

산업의 발달로 인하여 유해폐기물의 양과 종류가 날로 증가하고 있다. 유해폐기물은 고온에서 분해가 어렵고 연소시 인체에 유해한 성분을 생성하는 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons(Gupta,A.K. and Valeiras,H.A,1984)과 Acetonitrile, 연소성을 저해하는 $SF_6$ 등이 있다. 지금까지 유해폐기물은 처리가격의 저렴성과 기술적 어려움이 적은 매립 및 밀봉등의 방법에 의존해 왔으나, 최근 들어 소각에 의한 처리가 증가추세에 있다. (중략)

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 1996

해상 소각 시스템 개발 연구를 위해서 System interfacing기술, System구성물 안전, Scale up기술 등의 개발이 현재 진행되고 있으며 우수한 환경공해 방지기술의 접목을 계획하고 있다. 후처리 설비는 2차오염을 야기시키는 폐수가 발생되는 설비의 선정은 근원적으로 배제하며 주변 주민들의 신뢰도 회복을 위해 배출허용기준은 엄격히 적용한다. 또한 회출설비는 소각잔재를 응용하며 고형화 함으로써 2차오염을 방지하고 재활용 자원으로 사용하는 방식을 채택하고자 한다. 현재 시스템의 타당성 및 기본구성 방법에 관한 기초연구 및 기술선진국의 사례조사 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 이것이 어느정도 완료되면 구성시스템의 세부설계가 진행될 예정이다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.74-81
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• 2008

Due to separate discharge of food waste, large incinerating facilities for municipal waste show the phase change that combustible contents have been increasing while the concentrations of water have been decreasing when wastes are brought in. This phase change of wastes leads to the increase of exothermic value when wastes are carried in, which causes the problems to make the durability of incinerating facilities weak and lower the capacities of them. In accordance with these problems, this study was carried out to present effective plans to operate incinerating facilities as the quantities of municipal wastes of Incheon have been gradually increasing. We examined the problems caused by the phase change of municipal waste in Incheon and managing plans to control the amounts of heat output when intermixed incineration of food waste is conducted. It is concluded that we could carry out the optimized operation of incinerating facilities as well as produce economic effect to reduce processing costs when we conduct the intermixed incineration of food waste and municipal waste, in the trend that the amounts of heat output generated by wastes are gradually increasing. This is because this operation of intermixing incineration contributes to reducing the amount of exothermic heat.