• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.251-257
• /
• 2008

Human hair experience tensile forces during combing, bleaching and permanent dyeing processes. We have used rheometer to characterize bleached hair tensile response. Also, we investigated to morphological changes after tensile test of virgin hair and bleached hair using scanning electron microscopy. In tensile test, the tensile strength of virgin hair was $14.66g/cm^2$. They were measured as $12.95g/cm^2$, $12.61g/cm^2$ and $11.43g/cm^2$ for after the first, the second and the third trials of bleaching were done, respectively. Virgin hair had a higher tensile force than bleached hair. Tensile strength got lowered as more bleaching trials were done. In the observation of scanning electron microscopy, the fracture and lift-off of the cuticle outer layer were shown in virgin hair and bleached hair. The bleached hair were more lifted off at the outer cuticle layer than virgin hair. Consequently, chemical damage of bleaching agent caused weakening of the outer cuticle in the hair.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.213-221
• /
• 2011

Equilateral venus, Gomphina veneriformis exposed to tribultyltin chloride (TBTCl) for 36 weeks was showed ultrastructural changes of the mantle. The fine mantle had 4-folds and its epidermal layer consisted of simple columnar epithelial cells and ciliated cells and secretory cells. Inner and outer epidermal layer covered connective tissue. The mantle exposed to TBTCl at 12 weeks was decreased cilia in the inner epidermal layer, and observed extension of the hemolymph sinus and destruction of the septum. At 20 weeks, it revealed vacuole formation and pycnosis in the cytoplasm, and scattered muscular fiber. After 28 weeks of exposure, the mantle revealed partially degenerative changes in the epidermal layer. In the ciliated cells, basal body was isolated from the cilia and rootlet complex and basal foot were scattered. The sarcolemma had debris fiber. At 36 weeks, it observed degenerative cells that it revealed disappearance of the cilia, atrophic nucleus, poorly membrane and destruction of the cresternae in the mitochondria, and increasing heterophagosome. The outer epithelial cell had necrotic nuclus, numeous lysosome and disappearance of the microvilli. Therefore, results of this study suggested that chronical TBTCl exposure in the Gomphina veneriformis induced the disorders of shell growth and physiological function with histopathological changes of the mantle.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.229-238
• /
• 1988

In vitro culture of Toxoplasma gondii in HL-60 cells and cell-mediates immunity against Toxoplasma in dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO) -induced HL-60 cells, i.e., differentiation into granulocytes, were pursued. HL-60 calls were treated with various concentrations of DMSO, and 1.3%(v/v) for 3 day incubation was chosen as the optimal condition icy differentiation into granulocytes. The degree of differentiation was assayed in physiological and functional aspects in addition to morphological point. When treated with 1.3% DMSO for 3 days, HL-60 cells did not synthesiar DNA materials beyond background level, and showed active chemotactic response to chemotactic peptide, formal-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine(FMLP). Morphologically promyelocytes of high nuclearlcytoplasmic(NIC) ratio changed to granulocytes of relatively low WJC ratio. The relationships between HL-60 cells or DMSO-induced HL-60 cells and Toxoplasma were examined after stain with Giemsa and Buorescent dye (acridine orange). HL-60 cells did not show any sign of torso- plasmacidal activity but showed intracellular proliferation of Texoplasma to form rosette for 72 hr co-culture. In contrast, OMSO-induced HL-60 cells phagocytosed Toxoplasma within 1 hr, and performed a process of intracellular digestion of Toxoplasma thereafter. With the above results, it is suggested that phagosome-Iysosome fusion is one of the critical events for the parasitism by Toxoplasma or for susceptibility of host cells. The in vitro culture system of this study has offered a defined condition to study the protozoan parasite-host cell interactions.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.30 no.sup2
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2001

Objective : We tested the hypothesis that photodynamic therapy(PDT) with Photofrin inhibits tumor invasion of U87 human glioma cells using several in vitro assay to measure tumor invasiveness. The effects of PDT on cell growth, directional migration and cell invasion were investigated. Material and Method : Tumor cells were treated with Photofrin at various doses and at a fixed optical(632nm) dose of $100mJ/cm^2$. Cytotoxicity was tested using the MTT method. Invasion assays including the matrigelartificial basement membrane barrier migration and spheroid confrontation with confocal microscopic analysis were used to study the relationship between PDT and invasiveness. Result : U87 cells showed a dose dependent cytotoxic response to increasing Photofrin dose. Data from the matrigel artificial basement membrane assay indicate that PDT inhibits the U87 cell migration dose dependently. Low doses of subcytotoxic PDT treatment, such as 2.5ug/ml Photofrin dose, also appeared to significantly inhibit migration of U87 cells(p<0.05). In co-cultures between U87 cell spheroids and brain aggregates, progressive invasion with destruction of the brain aggregate occurs. The extent of tumor cell infiltration and proportion or intact brain aggregate remaining after 24h differs in Photofrin PDT treated versus Photofrin only control, with changes suggestive of a dose-response effect. Conclusion : our data indicate that PDT with Photofrin significantly inhibits the invasiveness of U87 cells, and this inhibition is dose dependent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
• /
• 1979.10a
• /
• pp.243.1-243
• /
• 1979

단세포 단백(SCP)은 토지나 천후조건에 의존하지 않고 대량생산할 수 있는 식량자원이라는 점에서 앞으로 예상되는 지구상의 식량난을 타개할 수 있는 방법으로 주목되고 있다. 단세포 단백을 사료로 이용하는 이외에 식품에 직접 사용하려는 노력이 꾸준히 진행되고 있으며 서구에서는 식용단세포단백의 생산가공이 시작되고 있다. 단세포 단백를 식용으포 직접 이용하기 위하여서는 위생성은 물론 소화성과 기능성은 향상시켜아 하는데 이 목적을 위한 세포벽 파괴의 단백질 추출기술에 관한 연주가 앞서야 한다. 최근 MIT에시는 Yeast의 세포벽 파괴와 단백질 추출 mechanisln을 SEM (Scanning Electron Microscape) 등을 이용한 형태학적 연구로 규명하였다. 식품재료로서의 단세포 단백의 물성과 기능에 대하여 앞으로 연구 할 점이 많으며 이 분야의 연구결과를 검토하여 본다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 1987

New born rat heart cells were dissociated using trypsin and/or collegenase to elucidate the dissociation efficiency of these two enzymes. And the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide during and immediately after cell dissociation was also investigated to clarify the so-called protective activity of dimethyl sulfoxide on cell performance. The results can be summarized as follows. 1. Cold trypsin 18 hours pretreatment followed by warm collagenase treatment resulted best cell viability and cell yield. 2. Single, warm trypsin treatment gave the poorest result. 3. Dimethyl sulfoxide did not seem to play any protective role during or immediately after rat heart cell dissociation. It had very damaging effect on rat heart cells.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.61-66
• /
• 2004

Many studies have been widely carried out to find out new compound having anti-cancer activity from animals and plants. Some plants have been reported to have anti-lancer effects. However, the anti-cancer effect of edible plants were seldomly evaluated. Therefore we investigated the anticancer effects of edible plants (10 samples) easily available around us by measuring number of survival cancer cells after treatment with direct cell counting and MTT analysis, and by examining the morphological change under the electromicroscope. Of the 10 samples tested, Equisetum arvense L., Lactuca dentata Mokino. var. faviflora Makino. showed moderate anti-cancer effects even at the concentration of 10 $\mul/ml$ against MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cell line. Of them, Capsicum annuum L. had most potent anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cell line showing proliferation inhibited, morphological change and apoptosis at the concentration of 2 $\mul/ml$.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.152.2-152.2
• /
• 2007

• 가정의 벗
• /
• v.37 no.12 s.436
• /
• pp.12-13
• /
• 2004

모유에 들어 있는 항산화제는 아이에게 세포 손상과 노화를 방지해 주는데 냉장보관시 파괴된다는 보도가 있어 직장에 다니는 어머니들을 놀라게 한 적이 있다. 분유보다 항산화제가 높은 모유를 올바른 보관 방법으로 먹이는 것이 중요하다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1996.11a
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 1996

암환자의 생명을 가장 위협하는 암세포의 전이는 숙주와 암세포의 상호작용을 포함하는 여러단계의 연쇄적인 과정이다. 전이의 발생은 하나의 세포나 집단의 암세포가 첫번째 암발생 부위에서 분리되어 국소적으로 침투하고 순환기계에 들어가 다른곳에 흡착 후 다른 장기의 interstitium과 parcnchyma에 입출(extravasate)하게 되며 2차적 colony로서 자라나 stroma나 basement membrine과 같은 생물학적 울타리를 파괴한다. 전이의 각단계에서 암세포는 면역세포의 공격을 피하여야만 한다. 세포의 이동은 태아의 생성(embryonic events), 성장세포의 재조함(remodeling), 상처 치유(wound healing), 맥관형성 (angiogenesis), 면역 방어 (immune defence)의 경우에 아주 중요한 역활을 한다. 정상적인 경우에 세포의 이동은 잘 통제가 되지만 암세포의 이동은 비정상적으로 통제가 되거나 자체내에서 통제가 된다. 암세포는 숙주에서 생산되는 scatter factors, growth factor, extracellular matrix components, 그리고 암세포에서 발생되는 autocrine utility factors를 포함한 여러가지 인자에 의해 영향을 받는다.