• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.227-230
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 유류오염토양 세척유출수내 미세토사의 효율적 제거를 위한 최적의 방안 및 적용 운전 조건을 도출하고자 하였다. 응집제를 주입하지 않은 blank 실험결과, 광운대학교 토양 세척유출수는 pH 7～12의 범위에서 65～75%의 효율을 나타내었고, 우이천 하천퇴적 토양 세척유출수는 pH 7～11의 범위에서 30% 안팎의, pH 12에서는 70% 정도의 낮은 효율을 나타내었다. pH 13에서는 두 가지 세척유출수에서 각각 91%, 85%의 효율을 나타내었다. 응집ㆍ침전 실험 결과, 광운대학교 토양 세척유출수는 FeC13, alum, PAC을 적용하였을 때 대체로 99% 이상의 효율을 보였으나, PAM을 적용하였을 때는 pH 13에서만 약 95%의 효율을 보였을 뿐 pH 7～12의 범위에서는 50～70%의 낮은 효율을 보였다. 우이천 하천퇴적 토양 세척유출수는 alum과 PAC을 적용하였을 때 대체로 90% 이상의 효율을 나타내었으나, FeC13와 PAM을 적용하였을 때는 pH 13일 경우에서만 98%이상의 효율을 보였을 뿐 다른 pH조건에서는 대체로 60%이하의 효율을 보였다. 두 가지 세척유출수에 대하여 높은 효율을 보인 alum과 PAC의 경제성을 비교해본 결과 같은 양의 세척유출수를 응집처리 할 경우 PAC에 비하여 alum을 적용하였을 때 적은 비용이 소요되었다. 따라서 alum이 효율성과 경제성에서 가장 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2010

Purpose: The cleaning effect of protein deposit and the change of contact lens parameters by ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses on the soft contact lenses were investigated. Methods: Etafilcon A contact lenses contaminated with protein, was ultrasonicated by ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses and for the control group, spoiled contact lenses were cleaned by multi-purpose solution. The remaining protein deposits on the contact lenses were determined after extraction and the changes of overall diameter, base curve, center thickness power, and water contents on contact lenses were measured and surfaces of contact lenses were observed by scanning electron microscope. Results: The cleaning efficacies of multi-purpose solution on protein deposited etafilcon A contact lenses were 6.08%, and 23.73~33.92% in the group of ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses with multi-purpose solution and 0~12.99% in the group of ultrasonic clear for contact lens with multipurpose solution depending on the treatment time. The changes of parameters and surface on contact lenses by ultrasonication were not observed. Conclusions: Ultrasonic cleaner for eye glasses can be used to eliminate protein deposits for the diagnostic soft contact lens in the office since it was effective to eliminate protein deposits and not caused change of parameters on soft contact lenses.

• KAPE Magazine
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• s.200
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• pp.10-11
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• 2013

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1993

Among the several factors that affect shelf-life of washed shell eggs, storage temperature and relative humidity were the most important. Besides those factors listed above, temperature of washing water, composition of foreign substances and washing method of eggs were also the factors affecting the shelf-life of the eggs. The effect of sanitizer treatment was significant in extending the shelf-life of eggs compared with washed and unwashed eggs. In case of oil coating treatment, the shell eggs treated showed the better results than that of washed and unwashed eggs because the coating materials prevented the moisture evaporation from the inner shell eggs and kept the contamination of microorganisms from the environment. Consequently, it is considered that reducing egg shell contamination of microorganisms and proper treatment could be the key to extend the shelf-life of shell eggs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.21-32
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• 2024

Since leather shoes cannot be washed with water, there is a need for a cleaning method that can remove extraneous substance from the inside and outside of shoes and senitize the inside of shoes without using water. For this purpose, this paper develops a shoes cleaning machine control system that automatically controls the entire process of shoes cleaning in a shoes cleaning machine that quickly cleans the inside and outside of shoes using compressed air, sterilization solution. The developed system uses Rasberry Pi, a general purpose single board computer(SBC), to control various actuators of the shoes cleaning machine. The shoes cleaning machine operated by the developed system shows a sterilization efficiency of more than 99% and an odor removal efficiency of more than 86% in a cleaning time of less than 1 minute.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.4784-4789
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• 2014

This paper evaluated the structural improvements and new product development of cleaning machines. A cleaning machine was redesigned for structural improvements and new product development using a 3-D design program CATIA. In addition, structural analysis was conducted on the modeled cleaning machine using the ANSYS program. The total deformation, stress and strain were obtained by the pressure change. This result was applied to the new product development of cleaning machines.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2009

A non-discharged system of sequentially physico-chemical water treatment was used to treat the contaminated water produced from washing system of soils according to full-scale soil washing. After washing the TPH contaminated soils, the remaining concentrations of COD$_{Mn}$, SS, and n-hexane were analyzed for each compartment to estimate the treatment efficiencies of non-discharged system. Three times of sampling events were conducted for 4 different compartments (sediment tank, flocculation tank, oil/water separator, and process-water tank). In addition, soil washing efficiencies and concentrations of each parameter (COD$_{Mn}$, SS, and n-hexane) for process-water tank were analyzed for about 8 months. As results, the average efficiency of soil washing was high to have 95.9%, regardless of the condition of TPH contamination level for soils, as well as the concentrations of COD$_{Mn}$, SS, and n-hexane in the process-water tank were below the regulation limits of the Water Environmental Conserveation Act. Accordingly, the full-scale washing treatment system in this study could make the washing water 100% recycled which lead the system to be environmentally-friendly and economical.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.19
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

Alteration of physical and chemical characteristics and the effect of removal of mineral substances in waterlogged archaeological woods by different cleaning processes were examined using oak wood(Quercus spp.) that was excavated from wetland near Gwangju, Korea. Cleaning methods employed in the present work were (1) tools, (2) deaeration, (3) EDTA and (4) ultrasonic cleaning, which are being currently applied in the field of preservation treatment. Cleaning process were performed independently or continuously. Composition of mineral substances in the waterlogged archaeological wood was almost same as the that of soil in which waterlogged archaeological woods were buried. In case of independent cleaning, tools cleaning efficiently removed the mineral substances on surface. Surface color become brighter after cleaning with EDTA. In contrast, deaeration and ultrasonic cleaning did not show any significant removal of mineral substances. In continuous cleaning process, tool cleaning as the first step treatment showed the same effect as shown in independent cleaning. Although deaeration as the second step cleaning did not remove the mineral substances, it could be assumed to contribute the infiltration of dimensional agents by homogenization of wood. EDTA treatment (the third step cleaning) removed the iron(Fe) and increased the whiteness of wood color. The ultrasonic treatment (the fourth step cleaning) removed the sodium(Na) remained after EDTA treatment and the fine mineral substances.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.239-239
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• 2020

상수관망은 수용가에게 용수를 공급하는 사회기반시설물로, 용수를 공급하는 과정에서 관내에 이물질, 스케일 등의 생성은 불가피하다. 관로 변경, 단수로 인한 비상시 용수 공급 등의 유향 및 유속이 변화가 발생할 경우 스케일이 박리되어 적수사고 등의 수질문제가 발생 할 수 있으며, 이에 사전에 스케일을 제거 할 필요성이 있다. 스케일을 제거하기 위해서는 주기적인 관세척이 필요하며, 대표적인 공법으로는 플러싱공법이 있다. 현재까지 플러싱공법에 대한 연구는 실험을 통한 적용 권장 기준으로 진행되어 왔으나, 실제 상수관망에서 적용권장 기준을 확보하기 위한 방안에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 플러싱공법의 대표적은 종류는 재래식 플러싱공법과 단방향 플러싱공법이 있다. 재래식 플러싱공법은 제수밸브를 조작하지 않는 방법으로, 모든 소화전에서 용수를 방출하는 공법이다. 단방향 플러싱공법은 제수밸브를 조작하여, 일정한 방향으로 요수를 방출하는 공법이다. 단방향 플러싱공법은 재래식 플러싱공법보다 유속확보 측면에서 유리하여 관로 세척을 위한 유량 및 유속 확보가 용이하다. 단방향 플러싱공법을 적용하기 위해서는 관로의 유속을 확보하기 위해 세척구역 정의하는 것이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 세척구역 정의를 통한 플러싱공법 적용 방안을 제안하고자 한다. 세척구역은 크게 3단계로 구분한다. 먼저 블록단위의 세척순서를 결정하고, 블록 내 관망 세척구역을 결정한다. 이때 관로의 관경, 곡선구간, 세척구역의 길이를 고려하여 세척구역을 정의한다. 마지막으로 결정된 세척구역을 제수밸브의 위치, 조작 횟수에 근거하여 세척순서를 결정한다. 본 연구를 통해 실제 상수관망 플러싱공법 적용 절차 수립에 기여할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.87-101
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• 1999

This study has been carried out to examine the feasibility of washing technique for reducing the heavy metal contamination level of tailing wastes and agricultural soil surrounding abandoned metal mines. Some organic acids with low molecular weight were used as washing solution. Initial contamination levels of copper and lead for some soil samples were found to exceed the standard levels of countermeasure and concern, and those of cadmium to approach the standard level of countermeasure. Experimental results using sequential extraction method revealed that more than half of copper and lead existing in tailing wastes are adsorbed forms available for plants. There are some proportional relationships between metal concentrations determined by using 0.1N HCI solution and those determined by sequential extractions. Citric acid was turned out to be superior to oxalic acid and acetic acid with low molecular weight in washing above three metals. When citric acid is used for washing heavy metals from soil, it is desirable to operate at pH less than 5.5 for better washing effect. Metal removal effect by citric acid solution has been proved to depend upon solution concentration and the mass ratio of solution to soil. Addition of SDS(Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) to citric acid improved the washing effect of cadmium among three metal most significantly. while copper removal did not change. Washing technique using citric acid for removal of heavy metals from agricultural soil or tailing wastes is recognized to be an effective remediation method.