• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.283-290
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• 2018

Due to the environmental factors of the sea, ship accidents always contain an inclination angle. The change in the ship affects not only the evacuation speed of passengers but also the fire growth in the ship. For this reason, when analyzing the fire, it is necessary to analyze the risks by considering conditions of inclination. In this study, the temperature that affects the fire was calculated by alteration of ship's heel and trim angle and analyzed using FLUENT. Based on fire occurrence position, evacuation should be done within 37 seconds under the condition of $-10^{\circ}$ heeling angle and 36 seconds under the condition of $-10^{\circ}$ trim angle. However, it was predicted that the evacuation will not be affected under the conditions of $+10^{\circ}$ heel angle and $+10^{\circ}$ trim angle. For these reasons, it is confirmed that when the ship is on fire, evacuation measures should be considered based on the heel and trim conditions as per the location of the fire.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.401-410
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• 2012

The study verified the extinguishing performance of the low pressure water-mist system, which is used to extinguish fire at domestic wooden architecture, through a fire test. Made of inflammable materials, a wooden house is vulnerable to fire, and the size of fire may vary from the early stage in case of arson. With the discharging pressure of 8 bar and the flow rate of 35 lpm, the low pressure water-mist nozzle used in the experiment has considerable discharging amount compared to other water-mist nozzles. The extinguishing performance was tested based on the size of fire and architecture. Test results demonstrated that the extinguishing performance was not affected by the size of a house, but decreased significantly when the size of fire was above unit 1. Taking into account that the environment of actual wooden cultural properties is more vulnerable than that of the experiment model, sufficient investigation on extinguishing performance is required to apply the water-mist extinguishing system to wooden architecture.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.32-37
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• 2013

For The performance based fire design of the buildings, the fire characteristic such as proceeding and scale of the fire should be figured out but, there is lack of relevant information because of different conditions and difficulties of mock-up test like type of division space, ventilation condition, etc, in buildings. Therefore, in the study, a heal release rate etc, the engineering characteristic data value on the fire is proposed by mock-up fire test for division space in buildings. The mock-up fire test is carried out in a bedroom with 2.4 (L) ${\times}$ 3.6 (W) ${\times}$ 2.4 (H) m model. Initial ignition was started from trash box and the test was carried out for 30 min. As a result of the fire test, flame was broken to outside within 7 min and 50 s after starting the test and the maximum heat release rate was measured as 3,810.6 kW at 9 min and 34 s.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2018

In this study, the previous design fire curve for fire simulation was modified and re-suggested. Numerical simulations with the FDS and CFAST were performed for the n-heptane and n-octane pool fires in the ISO 9705 compartment to evaluate the prediction performances of the previous 1-stage and modified 2-stage design fire curves. The numerical results were compared with the experimental temperature and concentrations of $O_2$ and $CO_2$. The FDS and CFAST simulations with the 2-stage design fire curve showed better prediction performance for the variation of temperature and major species concentration than the simulations with 1-stage design fire curve. Especially, the simulations with the 2-stage design fire curve agreed with the experimental temperature more reasonably than the results with the 1-stage design fire curve. The FDS and CFAST simulations showed good prediction performance for the temperature in the upper layer of compartment and the results with the FDS and CFAST were similar to each other. However, the FDS and CFAST showed poor and different prediction performance for the temperature in the lower layer of compartment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.173-173
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• 2017

지구표면에서 발생하는 물순환, 에너지순환, 탄소순환은 토지-대기-식생간의 물리화학적 관계에 의하여 발생하며 이를 모사하기 위해 지면 및 기후모델이 활용된다. 본 연구에서는 NCAR의 지면모형인 Community Land Model(CLM) v4.5를 동아시아에 적용하고자 한다. 동아시아 범위에서 Fluxtower가 설치되어 물, 에너지, 탄소 플럭스 자료가 관측된 지점에서 모형을 구동하고 결과를 평가하였다. CLM 결과에 따른 증발산(Evapotranspiration), 잠열(Latent heat), 헌혈(Sensible heat)과 같은 물 및 에너지 순환에 관한 결과 뿐 아니라 총 일차생산량(Gross primary production), 순생태계순환(Net ecosystem exchange), 생태계 호흡량(Ecosystem respiration)과 같은 탄소순환에 관한 결과를 비교, 분석하였다. 특히, 기초 결과 분석에 따라 지면 모형 내의 여러 모듈 중에서 화재 관련 모듈에 초점을 맞추어 CLM 모형을 개선하였다. 화재는 식생의 성장에 많은 영향을 미치는 모듈로서 탄소순환 모의에 중요한 역할을 한다. 전 지구 대상 모의를 기반으로 하는 CLM에서 삼림 및 초지 지역의 화재 발생는 국내총생산(Gross domestic product, GDP) 및 인구밀도에 따라 모수화되어 있으나, 이는 전 지구 혹은 지역 대상이 아닌 지점 수준의 모형적용을 위해 부적합하다. 이에 관련 모수들을 재산정하고 개선된 모형 결과를 정량화하기 위해 위에서 언급한 물순환, 에너지순환, 탄소순환 관련된 변수들의 모의값을 Fluxtower 관측값과 비교, 분석하였다.

• 방재와보험
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• s.125
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• pp.64-65
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• 2008

우주기술은 이미 우리 주변에서 광범위하게 사용되고 있으며 향후 적용할 수 있는 분야가 매우 넓어, 정부는 우주항공산업을 미래 10년 후 한국을 먹여 살릴 성장엔진으로 꼽고 있다. 이런 분위기에 힘입어 이번 호에서는 우리나라의 항공우주산업을 책임지고 있는 한국항공우주산업(주)를 찾아가 보았다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2018

In a closed-compartment with various configurations, the correlation that can predict the maximum heat release rate (HRR) with the changes in internal volume and fire growth rate was investigated numerically. The volume of the compartment was controlled by varying the length ratio based on the bottom surface shape of the ISO 9705 fire room, where the ceiling height was fixed to 2.4 m. As a main result, the effect of a change in ceiling height on the maximum HRR was examined by a comparison with a previous study that considered the change in ceiling height. In addition, a more generalized correlation equation was proposed that could predict the maximum HRR in closed-compartments regardless of the changes in ceiling height. This correlation had an average error of 7% and a maximum error of 19% for various fire growth rates when compared with the numerical results. Finally, the applicability of the proposed correlation to representative fire compartments applied to the domestic performance-based design (PBD) was examined. These results are expected to provide useful information on predicting the maximum HRR caused by flashover in closed-compartments as well as the input information required in a fire simulation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.673-688
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• 2023

Purpose: Fires that occur during construction are infrequent, but cause great damage. Recently, with the growth of the logistics and distribution industry, the number of construction sites for new logistics warehouses is increasing, so it was selected as a research subject and research was conducted to reduce accidents at construction sites through the development of a fire risk assessment tool to quantitatively approach fire prevention. Method: A comprehensive fire risk assessment tool was accumulated by classifying the work in progress, classifying combustibles and ignition sources by grade, excluding air (oxygen), which is difficult to control, and additionally substituting evacuation safety. Result: Using the developed and proposed fire risk evaluation tool, excavation work with low fire risk, facility construction with medium fire risk, and finishing work with high fire risk were sampled to derive the result (CGI). Conclusion: In this study, it was possible to establish specific preventive measures and evaluate evacuation safety by controlling physical conditions (combustibles) and energy conditions (ignition sources) according to the risk assessment by developing a tool that can evaluate the risk of 14fire occurrence at construction sites. It is expected that in the future, through the application of the fire risk evaluation tool at construction sites, it will be provided as a criterion for establishing a process plan that can reduce risk and evaluating the adaptability of firefighting equipment.14

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.14-19
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• 2011

This research was conducted with goals to reducing arson and finding its relationship with social phenomenons. Especially, unlike previous researches, focus has been on the economic indicators, and the effect of economic indicators on arson. As a result, we were able to find the relationship between economic indicators and arson. When growth rate and consumer index prices decrease, the economy stagnates and thus incidents of arson increases. In contrast, when growth rate increases and consumer index prices increase, the rate in which arson occurred decreased. Also, we have found that when personal debt rate increases, the numbers of arson incidents increased as well.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.60-70
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• 2011

Due to the city concentrated symptoms, high-rise building symptoms and diversity, the scale of fire disaster is increasing. So the economic expectation of fire disaster industry is growing. The domestic fire industry has an inadequate system, and hasn't a methodical system to foster the industry. And also most of the fire industry company are small and poor scale. So they haven't enough infrastructure like technical skill, manpower, marketing and so on. In order to drive fire industry from local fire protection industry to knowledge service, in this study, the items of human resources fostering, infrastructure and R&D were set and analyzed as detailed growth analysis factors. Also, the improvement plans were suggested and compared with IT industry which is defined as core industry in the 21st century knowledge-based economy in Korea.