• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.176-176
• /
• 1999

배경 : trill은 혀의 첨부가 호기에 따라 진동하면서 경구개 전방에 부딪혀 나는 소리로 주로 "르" 발음으로 들린다. trill은 성악가들에게는 발성전에 후두의 준비운동으로 사용되고, 성대수술 반흔에 의한 애성환자나 노인성 음성장애환자의 음성치료에도 이용되고 있다. 목적 : trill을 실시할 때 전기성문파 측정법상에서 나타난 성대점막의 움직임을 조사하고 효과적인 trill 기법을 찾아보고자 하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.364-367
• /
• 2009

음악 장르마다 소리의 색깔, 성량이 모두 다르다. 그것은 발성법 즉 소리를 어떻게 만들어내느냐에 따라 다른 것 인데, 호흡법에 따라서도 많은 차이난다. 성악의 경우 맑고 깨끗한 소리를 만들어내기 위해 주로 두성을 많이 사용 한다. 창이나 판소리의 경우도 처음에는 몸통에서 소리를 끌어내는 방식으로 소리를 내다가 결국에는 두성으로 소리를 만들어낸다. 이는 모두 소리를 멀리 보내기 위한 방법인데, 마이크와 앰프를 사용하는 대중음악 가수들의 경우는 분명 다른 발성법을 사용해야한다. 본 연구에서는 소리의 확장보다는 본인만의 개성을 중요시 하는 가수들에게 필요한 발성법에 대해 연구해 보고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.208-211
• /
• 2009

발성법은 좋은 목소리로 크고, 아름답게 노래를 부르기 위한 훈련 방법이다. 그러나 결국 이러한 발성의 표현은 무대 위에서 이루어져야 한다. 성악이나 판소리의 경우는 주로 정적인 상태에서의 감상을 위한 음악인데 반해 대중음악은 동적인 상태에서 관객과 함께 즐겨야 하는 경우가 대부분이다. 따라서 대중가요 가수들에게는 관객과 함께 호흡하며 노래하되 절대 흥분하지 않는 상태에서 올바른 발성을 해야 하는 냉정함이 요구된다. 발성은 노래를 부르기 위한 사전과정이며 가수는 무대에서 노래를 해야 한다. 따라서 좋은 노래를 부를 수 있도록 기초 과정을 거쳐 만들어진 발성을 올바르게 노래에 표현하는 방법을 연구해보도록 하겠다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.262-268
• /
• 2016

The in-country interest in vocalists is worthy of notice. However, the public, including experts, don't have sufficient information for their interest. In this situation, the popularity of Seth Riggs' books is surprising, because his major is vocal music, not popular music, although he is known as 'a great vocal trainer'. Therefore, we should analyze his vocalization methods and compare them with Bel Canto. His skills are (focused on) SLS (Speech-level singing). The unique styles he used are related to Bel Canto in vocal music, but with some differences. Nevertheless, both styles have something in common. For example, they are similar in that they continue to keep up with the times, so as to improve and evolve. Therefore, it is important for the selected passages to be investigated and presented, based on the individual body conditions and properties. Seth Riggs' vocalization method should be systematically examined too. This is because it has great influence on the public.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.14-16
• /
• 2006

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of vocal tract length according to the level of the pitch by the singers. Materials and Methods: Fifteen tenors were asked to produce successive /a/ sound in G4(382Hz) for the head register, C3(131Hz) for the chest register and usual speaking sound. The control group consisted of 15 males of an similar age who are not professional singers. The length of vocal tract was calculated by applying the formula of Fn=(2n-1) c/4L(F : formant frequency, c : the speed of sound in the vocal tract(350m/sec), L : length of vocal tract, $n=1,2,3,4,{\ldots}{\infty}$). Results: In singer's group, there showed no significant statistical difference of length among head and chest register and usual speaking sound. However in the control group, there showed statistically significant difference of length. Comparison of the absolute difference in the length of vocal tract by changing level of pitch in phonation, between the control group and the singers group. Changing from G4 phonation to C3 phonation and C3 phonation to usual speaking sound showed statistically difference of vocal tract length was less in the singers group than the control group. Conclusion: The change of vocal tract length, in either speaking or singing, was less in singers than the control group. We could assume that the singers maintain their larynx position constantly throughout the pitch range when phonation.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.191-196
• /
• 2006

Human tend to rely their information about the size of a space on vision. However, it might be a common experience to perceive a certain difference in spaces without any visual difference, in such spaces as rooms for music performance, multimedia environments with multiple sound sources, and car cabins, where auditory experiences have a certain importance. In the present work, apparent auditory room size was measured at different positions in a room through a series of listening experiments. Also, measurement of room acoustic parameters was carried out and their relationships with perceived auditory room size were analyzed. The results suggest that apparent auditory room sizes were largely dependent on musical clarity, distance between a source and a receiver, and sound pressure level at the listening position. Also, the results from acoustic preference test suggest that smaller apparent room sizes were preferred for listening to orchestral, cello and flute music. The relationship between apparent auditory room size and vocal music was found to be statistically insignificant.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
• /
• no.25
• /
• pp.251-292
• /
• 2009

In this thesis, the status of Pre-Chin Study of One Hundred Schools in the history of Korean thoughts, and in addition, the reception of $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu's ideology and the aspect of its development in Korea were examined. Moreover, the different understandings of $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu and their trend of the times were summarized through the intellectuals' collection of works from the end of Goryeo Dynasty and the beginning of Cho Sun Dynasty to 18-19 century. What was revealed through the study can be summed up as the followings. From the age of Three States to the middle part of Goryeo Dynasty, few intellectuals regarded other schools or philosophers among Study of One Hundred Schools as heresies and blamed them. However, since Mencius had been established as the legitimate classical scripture of Confucianism after the end of Goryeo Dynasty and the beginning of Cho Sun Dynasty, other Pre-Chin philosophers including $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu had started to be regarded and criticized as heresies. Intellectuals of Goryeo Dynasty and the early Cho Sun Dynasty made various estimates on $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu's doctrine of the evilness of human nature, but we can see the understanding of $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu became deeper. In the heyday of Neo-Confucianism in Cho Sun Dynasty, the intensity of the criticism on $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu by intellectuals rather tended to decrease, compared to that of the early Cho Sun Dynasty, which produced contrary evidence that the world view of Sung Confucianism, based on Mencius' doctrine of the goodness of human nature, had been already established. Also, even the intellectuals criticizing the evilness of human nature positively quoted $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu's other ideas in general. In 17th century, there were some arguments to conclude $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu as Legalism, but the general trend came to accept Study of One Hundred Schools constructively, challenging the authority of Sung Confucianism, or based on positive school. In 18th century, it can be confirmed that the understanding on $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu became broader, and particularly in the historical research of letters, $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu's original texts and annotations were used in many ways. In short, the intellectuals' criticism on $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu in Cho Sun Dynasty was always grounded on his argument of the evilness of human nature, and furthermore, on connecting it to Legalism, related to the Fenshukengru. On the other hand, it can be said that they generally accepted other ideas of $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu positively, except for the idea of the evilness of human nature. However, it's worth paying attention to the fact that those intellectuals who criticized $Hs{\ddot{u}}n$ Tzu could easily meet with the books of Study of One Hundred Schools, and relatively had an open attitude in terms of knowledge.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.219-222
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to determine a correlation between acoustic and perceptual parameters of the singing voice in singing students and compare them with the results with previous studies, and a more sensitive parameters in analyzing professional vocal usage. This study measured acoustic and perceptual parameters in 41 singing students. Digital audio recordings were made in sung vowels acoustic analysis. Each sample was judged by 1 experienced singing teacher and 1 voice pathologist on two semantic bipolar 7-point scales (ringing-dull, rich-thin). The results showed that SPP1 (p<0.01), SPP2 (p<0.01), and P1(p<0.01) had significant correlations with ringing and richness quality.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.93-110
• /
• 2000

본 연구에서는 지방 중소형 백화점이 왜 서울의 대형백화점과의 경쟁에서 뒤질 수밖에 없는지를 규명하고자 노력하였다. 특히, 유통시장개방 이후, 곧바로 닥친 환란 등의 여파로 지방의 중소형 백화점들이 우후죽순 거의 몰락의 수순을 거쳤다. 따라서, 늦은 감은 있지 만, 현재 지방의 중소형 백화점이 왜 몰락의 길을 걷게 되었는지 규명하는 노력이 필요하 기 때문에 이를 위한 분석을 하였다. 본고는 이중에서 피상적으로 나타나지 않은 매우 중요한 문제, 즉, 중간관리의 존재에 대하여 논하고자 하였다. 먼저, 중간관리의 문제점을 도출하면, 거래처의 수도권 집중현상, 마진률저하의 문제, 이 노베이션 동기유발 저해환경, 채산성악화로 인한 경영악화 심화 등의 문제를 들 수 있겠다. 이를 통하여 대응방안을 모색하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 매입형태를 특정매입에서 상품특성 에 맞는 직매입등으로의 전환이 필요하다 둘째, 지방의 중소형 백화점은 대형백화점과 영 업시스템이나 상품가격, 품목이 비슷하다. 그렇다면 상품의 구색이나, 특성을 강는 자사(PB) 상품 개발 촉진이 필요하다. 셋째, 중소형 백화점에 대한 인식을 새롭게 하고 자금 및 정책 지원의 확대가 필요하다 넷째, 조직화 협업화 협동화가 필요하다. 다섯째, 지방의 유망 브랜드를 개발하고, 육성하는 노력, 즉, 지방 산업 육성책이 필요하다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2017.01a
• /
• pp.199-200
• /
• 2017

소프라노는 여성 소프라노 중 가장 높은 음역 대의 목소리를 구사한다. 소프라노들은 고음을 유지하기 위해 턱 관절 과 얼굴근육이 경직되어 있어 입을 크게 벌리지 못한다. 발음 특성은 발성 시의 입의 크기에 가장 큰 영향을 받으며 좋은 발음 특성일수록 뚜렷한 포만트를 나타낸다. 본 논문에서는 소프라노 가수들의 발음 특성을 확인하기 위해 한국의 소프라노 성악가 A, B, C, D 4명을 선정하여 비교한 결과 소프라노 A의 스펙트럼에서 2kHz 이상에서 까지 뚜렷하고 균일한 포만트가 나타났다. 따라서 소프라노 A의 발음 특성이 가장 우수한 것을 확인할 수 있다.