• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.80-84
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• 2003

The component and content of free sugar in mulberry fruits were evaluated. In all accessions, fructose and glucose were identified as the major free sugar. The ratio of two components appeared in the same level. But CV (coefficient of variation. ％) of fructose and glucose were 23.6％, 23.4％, respectively. It might suggest that varietal variation exists in sugar contents. The mean of total free sugars were 9.11${\pm}$2.14％. Among the tested 49 accessions, ‘Geunanosang’ showed the highest total free sugars in 14.67％, whereas ‘Cheongsipyung’ showed the lowest total free sugars in 5.57％. Also fruity characteristics as well as total free sugars to select the desirable mulberry varieties for the production of fruit were researched and analyzed. From that results, four suitable varieties such as ‘Hwansipchosaeng’, ‘Junggojo’, ‘ Kaery-angchosaengsipmunja’, and ‘Geunanosang’ were selected.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of growth characteristics and the content of root chemical components in four years old ginseng by paddy and upland cultivation at farmers' field in Korea. Proportions of silt, clay, liquid phase and porosity were higher in paddy soil than upland soil. The range of liquid phase was $17.5{\sim}19.5%$ in paddy and $7.0{\sim}12.8%$ in upland during growth period. EC and the other contents of OM, $NO_3^-,\;K_2O$, and Mg in paddy soil were higher than those of upland soil, while the contents of $P_2O_5$ and Ca were less than those of upland soil. The levels of chemical components of tested soil exceeded recommended range in EC, $NO_3^-$ and Ca of paddy soil, and in $P_2O_5$ and Ca of upland soil. Stem length, fresh root weight and total dry weight per plant in paddy were greater than those of upland. Root weight in paddy-ginseng showed a great increase on September, while it was not increased in upland because of early defoliation. Net assimilation rate and crop growth rate by paddy and upland cultivation showed distinct differences on May and September, and those of paddy-ginseng were higher than those of upland-ginseng. Yield and ratio of red-colored root showed no significant difference by paddy and upland cultivation, while significant differences were observed in diameter and length of primary root, contents of crude saponin and 50% ethanol extracts of primary root, and water content of root. Hardness of primary root showed no significant difference by paddy and upland cultivation until August, but it showed distinct difference on September, at which the hardness in upland cultivation was drastically decreased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.113 no.2
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• pp.210-221
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of forest walking based on an exercise prescription on body composition of older adults. Forty-four older adults (average age: 69.3 ± 3.1 years) participated in this study. The experimental group engaged in forest walking based on a prescribed exercise intensity considering the participants' respective health conditions. The participants walked three times a week for more than an hour each time for 8 weeks. By contrast, the participants in the control group spent their days according to their usual lifestyle. The analysis involved the following: ① a comparison of the measurements taken before and after the 8-week period of forest walking in the experimental group, ② a comparison between pre- and post-study measurements in the control group, and ③ a comparison of the changes (post-study minus pre-study values) between the experimental and control groups. The results were as follows: ① the experimental group showed significant decreases in weight, body fat mass, and body mass index; ② the control group exhibited significant decreases in muscle mass and ratio in right arm and left leg, muscle ratio in trunk, and body water mass in right arm; and ③ weight and body fat index decreased in the experimental group but increased in the control group. In conclusion, forest walking based on an exercise prescription had a positive impact on body composition of older adults.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.532-536
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• 2007

급속한 도시화 및 지구온난화로 인한 집중호우로 홍수피해가 해마다 증가하고 있다. 홍수피해를 최소화하기 위하여 4대강 중심의 홍수예경보시스템이 구축되는 등 다양한 제도적 장치가 마련되고 있으나 중소하천이 분포되어 있는 도시유역에서의 홍수예측기능은 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 중소 도시하천에 적용 가능한 실시간 도시홍수예측서비스 시스템(Realtime Urban Flood Forecasting Service, U-FFS)을 개발하였다. 경기도 성남에 위치한 탄천을 대상유역으로 선정하고 실시간 강우 및 수위관측소를 설치하여 수문데이타를 수집하였으며 이를 바탕으로 수위예측모형을 구축하였다. 모형구축에는 이미 국내외 학계에서 그 정확도가 입증된 바 있는 Data-driven 모델의 일종인 ANFIS(Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System)를 이용하였다. 개발된 수위예측모형은 지정된 시간에 자동으로 작동 가능한 실행파일로 프로그래밍되어 최종적으로 홍수예측 웹서비스와 연동된다. U-FFS는 집중호우 발생 시 최종 유출구의 30분, 1시간, 2시간 후의 수위 예측값을 웹 상을 통해 제공함으로써 언제 어디서나 홍수예측 정보를 누구나 손쉽게 획득할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 시범운영 결과, 30분 및 1시간 후의 수위 예측은 정확도가 매우 뛰어났으며 2시간 후의 수위 예측의 정확성은 다소 떨어지는 것으로 확인되었으나 전반적인 홍수예측 판단에는 무리가 없을 것으로 예상된다. 본 시스템의 홍수예측모형은 생성 및 수정이 간편하여 그 활용성이 매우 높을 것으로 기대된다. 특히 안전함을 지향하는 각종 U-City나 홍수피해가 빈번한 도시유역에 적용하면 기존 시스템과 차별화된 실시간 홍수예측 서비스가 가능해져 홍수피해를 최소화할 수 있을 것이다. 취수구 직경 D의 3.3배를 벗어나지 않는다는 결과를 도출할 수 있었다.링 목적으로 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서 개발한 영상수위계는 한강홍수통제소 관할의 전류, 청담대교 등 4개소 낙동강 홍수통제소 2개소, 지자체 등에 적용되었으며, 적용 결과 비교적 안정적이면서 정확하게 수위를 측정하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 기존 CCD 카메라 이외에 CCTV를 이용한 영상수위계를 개발하여 영상의 화질 개선뿐 아니라 하천화상 감시 기능을 강화하였다.소류의 섭취율은 높았다. 집단간의 상관도를 보면 교육별로 김치, 장아찌, 콩이 각각 p>0.5 수준에서 유의한 차가 없었고, 나머지는 유의한 차가 있었다. 연령별로는 멸치가 유의한 차가 없었고(p>0.5), 수입별로는 콩이 유의한 차가 없었다(p>0.5). 4. 영양지식(營養知識) 검토 가정생활(家庭生活)에 필요(必要)한 일반적(一般的)인 영양지식(營養知識)은 대체적으로 낮은 편이었다. 어린이 영양, 편식의 해로움, 비만증의 해로움, 임신부 그리고 수유부 영양에 대하여는 일반적으로 알고 있다고 하였으며, 그다음으로 이유기 영양, 어린이 발육에 필요한 식품, 식품과 영양소와의 관계, 우유의 성분, 노인영양에 대하여 잘 알고 있는 비율이 낮았으며, 인체의 영양소, 식단작성여부, 간식의 이론, 식품감별법에 대하여는 가장 낮은 비율을 나타냈다. 각 영양지식은 교육정도가 높을수록 영양지식이 높았고, 교육별 집단간의 유의한 차가 나타났다. (0.001

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2013

The present study was conducted with three ruminally cannulated non-lactating Holstein cattle in a $3{\times}3$ Latin square design to determine the fermentation characteristics and effective degradability (ED) in the rumen, as well as the whole tract digestibility of whole crop silage based total mixed ration (TMR) in comparison with conventional separate feeding of concentrate and rice straw for late fattening Hanwoo steers. The cattle in each group were fed separate feeding of concentrate and rice straw (control), whole crop barley silage based TMR (BS-TMR) or whole crop rye silage based TMR (RS-TMR). The ruminal fermentation characteristics such as pH, ammonia-N concentration and total volatile fatty acid were not affected by the experimental diet. The molar portion of acetate ($C_2$) was lowest in rumen fluid 1 h after feeding when cattle were fed BS-TMR (p<0.033). Molar proportions of propionate ($C_3$), butyrate and $C_2/C_3$ were not influenced by the experimental diet. There were no differences in effective degradability or whole tract digestibility of feed components among any of the experimental diets. The data obtained from the metabolism trial indicate that the feeding value of TMR with BS or RS is equal to that of a conventional separate feeding of concentrate and rice straw.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.81-90
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate quality characteristics of citron from Namhae. The physicochemical properties, organic acid, free sugar and aroma components were analyzed and compared with citron harvested in different areas of Namhae (Seolcheon, Changseon and Idong-meyon). Total weight of citron was range of 120.51~176.56 g, total and peel weight of citron cultivated from Changseon were significantly higher than the other citron. The color of peel was not significant in cultivated area. Soluble solids was higher in citron from Changseon and Idong than Seolcheon. Total phenol and flavonoids contents in citron from Idong were higher than the others. Organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid were higher in citron from Changseon. The contents of fructose and glucose in peel and sucrose in pulp were detected higher amount. Major component of aroma profiles in citron from different region of was dl-limonene. It was amount to 57.60% in citron from Idong, 71.02% and 73.04% in citron from Seolcheon and Changseon of all aromatic components. These results were suggested that physicochemical properties and aroma components of citron have some difference by cultivation habit, period, different cultivar and producing areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.1286-1290
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• 2006

The objectives of this study were to determine antioxidant activities and antioxidnat compounds of 13 imported and 4 domestic red wines and to investigate relationships between antioxidant activities and antioxidant compounds in the selected red wines. The concentrations of total polyphenolics and anthocyanins in the samples were investigated by spectrophotometric methods. ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, and reducing power have been used to compare the relative antioxidant activities of the selected red wines. In this study, total polyphenolic contents of the red wines were ranged from 250 to 2,298 mg gallic acid equivalents/L and the anthocyanin contents were ranged from 11 to 349 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents/L, respectively. As expected, all the red wines exhibited excellent antioxidnat activities (ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power) except three domestic red wines. The correlation coefficient between total polyphenolic content and their antioxidant activities, namely ABTS radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power, were 0.9784, 0.9905 and 0.8580, respectively. No correlation was observed between total anthocyanin content and their antioxidant activities.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.382-390
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• 1995

To compare the rice yield and grain quality characteristics between mature(MPF) and reclaimed paddy field(RPF), grain yield and its components, some physicochemical properties of rice grain and palatability of cooked rice were investigated for Dongjinbyeo grown at three different locations of mature and reclaimed paddy field, respectively, in south western part of Korea. Variation of culm length in mature paddy area was larger than that in reclaimed saline area. Panicle number per m$^2$ in RPF was more then that in MPF but grain number per m$^2$, filled grain ratio and 1, 000-grain weight in RPF were lower than those in MPT. Average yield of milled rice in RPF was 12% lower than that in MPF (5.l1t /ha). Daejeon showed the highest yielding among MPF and Yeongam reveald the highest grain production among RPF. RPF rices had slightly higher carbohydrate content and alkali digestibility but lower protein, fat and amylose content compared with MPF rices. RPF rices also exhibited higher mineral contents, Mg/K ratio, peak and hot viscosity compared with MPF rices. RPF rice showed slightly poor apparent grain quality but a little better eating quality of cooked rice compared with MPF rice.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.878-882
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• 1988

The lipid components of cultured bastard(Paralichthys olivaceus) were analyzed and compared with those of wild one and flounder(Pleuronichthys cornutus). Total lipid(TL) content of dorsal muscle in wild and cultured bastard, flounder was 2.0%, 1.6%, and 1.9%, respectively. Wild bastard and flounder were higher in neutral lipid(NL) and glycolipid(GL) contents, while lower in phospholipid(PL) content than those of cultured one. The NL was mainly consisted of triglyceride(70.7-72.6%), and PL was mainly occupied by phosphatidylcholine(53.6-58.3%), phosphatidyl-ethanolamine(25.9-29.5%). In fatty acid composition of TL, cultured bastard showed higher content in polyenes such as docosahexaenoic acid. and lower in monoenes such as palmitoleic, oleic acid than those of wild one. Flounder was higher in Percentage of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic acid compard with bastard. The major fatty acids of these fishes were palmitic, docosahexaenoic, oleic, eicosapentaenoic and palmitoleic acid in order. These fatty acid composition of NL, GL and PL fractions were not significantly different among wild and cultured bastard, flounder.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.725-730
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• 2010

The differences between organic and conventional rice were studied from the point of view of quality, physiochemical property and functionality. It was concluded that organic rice showed a 6% lower complete rice ratio than conventional rice. However, organic rice exhibited more excellent physiochemical property on amylose or protein content, Toyo value, and acidity with 17.5%, 6.6%, 8.12%, and 8.7%, respectively. There was no difference between two kinds of rice on alkali digestion value and amino acids contents such as Asp, Ser, Glu, Ala, Leu, Arg. Among inorganic compounds of rice, four compounds including B, Mn, Fe, or Zn were slightly higher at organic rice with 1.1~2.7 mg/100 g, compared to conventional rice. Interestingly, total phenolic acid and phytic acid content were 89% or 23% higher at organic rice than conventional rice, respectively. MeOH extract from organic rice showed higher antioxidant activity with 26% than that of conventional rice with 22%. In contrast, conventional rice was favored than organic rice on stickness, taste, palatability fields at sensory evaluation.