• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.20-21
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• 2016

Aids to Navigation (AtoN) is marine traffic safety facility to facilitate the safe and efficient movement of shipping and enhance the protection of the marine environment by the regulation or guideline of The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA). By IALA NAVGUIDE, the term "New Danger" is defined as newly discovered hazards not yet shown in nautical documents and includes naturally occurring obstructions such as sandbanks or rocks or man-made dangers such as wrecks. 'New Dangers' should be appropriately marked using Lateral, Cardinal, Isolated Danger marks or by using the Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy. However, the Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy has difficulties with implementation conditions in terms of speed and accuracy to install the buoy. In case of sinking accidents, it is difficult immediately to install the Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy because of weather conditions, marine environments and accident position. This paper studies Auto Releasing New Danger Mark Buoy on the deck which can be automatically to release from the deck of a vessel and float in the water and quickly install the accident position in case of sinking accidents. The buoy will be to reduce the risk of navigation and prevent secondary collisions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.417-422
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• 2016

Aids to Navigation (AtoN) are marine traffic facilities to improve the safety and efficiency of shipping. "New Dangers" should be appropriately marked using lateral, cardinal or isolated danger marks or by using an Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy. However, Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys are difficult to implement in terms of speed and accuracy of installation. In the case of sinking accidents, it is often difficult to immediately install an Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy because of weather conditions, the marine environment or accident positioning. This study concerns Auto-Releasing Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys, which should be installed in all vessel for safe marine navigation and efficient maritime transport with reference to the Maritime Buoyage System (MBS). Auto-Releasing Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys include an auto-release unit, auto reel chain and auto lighting lantern. These buoys can be automatically released from the deck of a vessel and will float in the water for quick installation at the scene of an accident, even in the case of sinking accidents. Auto-Releasing New Mark Buoys are expected to reduce to installation process, prevent secondary accidents by the risk of navigation and be search and rescue rapidly.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.386-389
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• 2008

This study has analysed power output characteristics of transparent thin-film PV module depending on incidence angle and azimuth. The simulation results was evaluated power outputs of transparent thin-film PV module depending on incidence angle and azimuth after calibrating the experimental and computed data. As a result, the best power output performance of transparent thin-film PV module was obtained at slope of $30^{\circ}$ to the south, producing the annual power output of 977kWh/kWp. The annual power output data demonstrated that the PV module with a slope of $30^{\circ}$ could produce a 68 % higher power output than that with a slope of $90^{\circ}$, with respect to the inclined slope of the module. Furthermore, the PV module facing south showed a 22 % higher power output than that facing to the east in terms of the angle of the azimuth.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

The purpose of this simulation study is to determine the window transmittance by RADIANCE lighting simulation tool where the horizontal blind is installed. Parameters such as sky types, seasonal changes, altitude, azimuth, and horizontal blind angle at a 0$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$, 90$^{\circ}$ were considered. The simulation results present that measured directional transmittances have different values according to each directional property of the horizontal blind. In addition, methodology was described to apply window transmittance data to DayDim program which is a lighting calculation and analysis tool especially for the performance of daylight responsive dimming systems.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.3C
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• pp.323-330
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• 2007

Performance indicators such as output SNR, SIR, SINR for rectangular smart antennas in CDMA basestations have been derived. Simulations have been carried out to find the rectangular smart antenna performance while varying the input SNR, number of antenna elements, and the interferers' spatial distributions. Simplified Conjugate Gradient Method was chosen as the underlying beam forming algorithm. It has been shown that the performance of a rectangular smart antenna is similar to that of the linear one having the same number of elements when the interferers are randomly distributed over the whole azimuth angle range.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.461-466
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• 2012

Recently, building energy systems with solar collector and solar module have increased to improve energy problem, a heat island, a global warming and carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, value of solar radiation in areas was analyzed using TRNSYS simulation, and the optimum tilt and orientation angle for installing a photovoltaic module was examined. Average values of the weather data in the past twenty years in areas were used as input data. The results show that the tilt angle of a photovoltaic module for gaining the annual maximum solar radiation varies in different localities, and values of the annual solar radiation gained by using the variable photovoltaic module increased by 2.5 percent as compared with that gained by using the fixed photovoltaic module. When fixed photovoltaic module is installed, it should be examined the tilt and orientation angle for installing a photovoltaic module was examined.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.783-790
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• 2010

For safety navigation of ships at sea, ships monitor their location obtained from Global Positioning Satellite System (GNSS). In this study, we computed near-real-time positions of a ship at sea using GPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique and analyzed precision of the near-real-time positions. We conducted ship borne GPS observations in the south sea of Korea. To process the GPS data using PPP technique, GIPSY-OASIS (GPS Inferred Positioning System-Orbit Analysis and Simulation Software) developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory was used. Antenna phase center variations, ocean tidal loading displacements, and azimuthal gradients of the atmosphere were corrected or estimated as standard procedures of high-precision GIPSY-OASIS data processing. As a result, the precisions of near-real-time positions was ~1cm.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.411-419
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• 2012

The lure-distance of Riptortus pedestris aggregation pheromone was elucidated and the damage mitigation effect by mass trapping of R. pedestris was examined in commercial soybean fields. The recaptured ratio showed that 76.1% of total recaptured individuals were lured within 40 m and 89.0% of total recaptured adults were arrested in the lower 80 m. There is not much difference in the number of recaptured individuals according to the location of installed traps in the experiment. There was linear correlation between the total installed number of traps and the total number of trapped individuals in commercial soybean fields. and the highest yield (261.8 g/10 stems) was investigated in the field that had installed a pheromone trap per $770m^2$. No relationship wasf found between the covered areas of a pheromone trap for mass trapping and yield loss. The ratio of type A seed (healthy) was higher in the field that installed a trap per $385m^2$ and $770m^2$ (around 62%) and type B seed (showing distinct injury marks) was lower in the same fields (around 27%). From this result, we could reduce slightly the damage of soybean seeds by the mass trapping of Riptortus pedestris adults with an aggregation pheromone trap per $385{\sim}770m^2$ area range.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.429-435
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• 2020

North Korea declared itself complete with nuclear force after its sixth nuclear test in 2017. Despite efforts at home and abroad to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula, the prospects for the denuclearization are not bright. Along with political and diplomatic efforts to deter NK's WMD threats, the government is required to strengthen its consequence management capabilities against 'catastrophic situations' expected in case of emergency. Accordingly, this study was conducted to present measures to strengthen follow-up management against CBRN threats. The research model was partially supplemented and utilized by the THIRA process adopted and utilized by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security among national-level disaster management plan development models. Korea's consequence management (CM) system encompasses risk and crisis management on disaster condition. The system has been carried out in the form of a civil, government and military integrated defense operations for the purpose of curbing the spread or use of CBRNs, responding to threats, and minimizing expected damages. The preventive stage call for the incorporation of CBRN concept and CM procedures into the national management system, supplementing the integrated alarm systems, preparation of evacuation facilities, and establishment of the integrated training systems. In the preparation phase, readjustment of relevant laws and manuals, maintenance of government organizations, developing performance procedures, establishing the on-site support systems, and regular training are essential. In the response phase, normal operations of the medical support system for first aid and relief, installation and operation of facilities for decontamination, and development of regional damage assessment and control guidelines are important. In the recovery phase, development of stabilization evaluation criteria and procedures, securing and operation of resources needed for damage recovery, and strengthening of regional damage recovery capabilities linked to local defense forces, reserve forces and civil defense committees are required.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2015

There are many efforts to mechanize the process for underwater port construction due to the severe and adverse working environment. This paper presents an underwater construction robot to level rubbles on the seabed for port construction. The robot is composed of a blade and a multi-functional arm to flatten the rubble mound with respect to the reference level at uneven terrain and to dig and dump the rubbles. This research analyzes the kinematics of the blade and the multi-functional arm including track and swing motions with respect to a world coordinate assigned to a reference depth sensor. This analysis is conducted interfacing with the position and orientation sensors installed at the robot. A hydraulic control system is developed to control a track, a blade and a multi-functional arm for rubble leveling work. The experimental results of rubble leveling work conducted by the robot are presented in land and subsea. The working speed of the robot is eight times faster than that of a human diver, and the working quality is acceptable. The robot is expected to have much higher efficiency in deep water where a human diver is unable to work.