• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.134-138
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• 2005

A typical conventional systems of a linear motion use rack and pinions or ball screws to convert rotary motions from DC servo motors. A linear motor has been used a several field for a MEMS technology and a aircraft carrier. We have studied a transient response of a linear actuator with a damping ratio, spring constant and a pressed power for a constant stroke control.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.619-628
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• 2010

Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) has recently received attention in developing implantable surgical equipments and it is expected to lead the future medical device market by adequately imitating surgeons' flexible and delicate hand movement. However, SMA actuators have not been used widely because of their nonlinear behavior called hysteresis, which makes their control difficult. Hence, we propose a parameter, $t_1$, which is necessary for temperature control, by analyzing the open-loop step response between current and temperature and by comparing it with the values of linear differential equations. $t_1$ is a pole of the transfer function in the invariant linear model in which the input and output are current and temperature, respectively; hence, $t_1$ is found to be related to the state variable used for temperature control. When considering the parameter under heat treatment conditions, $T_{max}$ was found to assume the lowest value, and $t_1$ was irrelevant to the heat treatment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.457-463
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• 2015

A gas turbine engine plays an important role as a prime mover that is used in the marine transportation field as well as the space/aviation and power plant fields. However, it has a complicated structure and there is a time delay element in the combustion process. Therefore, an elaborate mathematical model needs to be developed to control a gas turbine engine. In this study, a modeling technique for a gas generator, a PLA actuator, and a metering valve, which are major components of a gas turbine engine, is explained. In addition, sub-models are obtained at several operating points in a steady state based on the trial running data of a gas turbine engine, and a method for controlling the engine speed is proposed by designing an NPID controller for each sub-model. The proposed NPID controller uses three kinds of gains that are implemented with a nonlinear function. The parameters of the NPID controller are tuned using real-coded genetic algorithms in terms of minimizing the objective function. The validity of the proposed method is examined by applying to a gas turbine engine and by conducting a simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.413-421
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the structural dynamic behavior under hybrid control system. The hybrid test is to consider the interaction between the numerical and physical models. In this paper, single degree of freedom hybrid test was performed with one-bay, two-story steel frame structure. One column at the first floor was selected as a physical substructure and one actuator was used for applying the displacement load in horizontal direction. El Centro as earthquake waves was inputted and OpenSees was employed as the numerical analysis program for the hybrid real-time simulation. As a result, the total time of the hybrid test was about 9.6% of actual measured seismic period. The experimental results agreed well with the numerical one in terms of the maximum displacement. In nonlinear analysis, however, material nonlinearity made a difference of residual strain. Therefore, this hybrid dynamic test can be used to predict the structural dynamic performance more effectively than shaking table test, because of the spatial and economic limitations.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.461-466
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• 2009

This paper represents a piezoelectric ultrasonic linear actuator with flexural vibration mode. The actuator is composed of two piezo ceramics, the elastic body, and the connecting tip. It is driven by the frictional force between the connecting tip and the linear motion guide. Unimorph actuators have flexural vibration. Its middle point is fixed so that suitable to the flexural vibration of $3/2\lambda$. These vibrations contribute to elliptical motion by mixed mode between longitudinal and transverse mode. It was generated when the ultrasonic electrical signals with 90 degree phase difference are applied to two ceramics. A linear movement can be easily obtained using the elliptical motion. The ATILA, FEM simulator has been used to design actuator and verify the kinetic and dynamic analysis. We used the ceramics of $20\times10\times1$ mm size and confirmed the flexural vibration of the $3/2\lambda$ at the 79 kHz through the scanning of 3D-vibrometer. The maximum velocity of actuator was 221 mm/sec and the thrust force of actuator was 2.7 N in 200Vp-p of additional voltage.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.867-868
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• 2006

리니어 모터는 일반적으로 회전하는 모터와 같이 여러 형상의 극간에서 발생되는 힘의 균형에 의해서 구동되는 것이 일반적이다. 특히 하나의 극간에서 미소 구동하는 리니어 모터는 구동력과 실제 이동하는 위치 사이에서 댐핑이나 무게와 함 사이에서 발생하는 가속력의 차이에 의해서 주어진 힘의 파형과 움직이는 위치의 괴적이 만들어가는 이동자의 위치 사이에는 다소 시간 처짐이 발생하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 구동력과 실제 이동하는 위치 사이의 시간 처짐의 원인으로 알려져 있는 딤핑의 조건을 변화시키고 이에 다른 구동력의 변화를 알아보았다. 댐핑이 전형 없는 조건과 댐핑이 조금씩 증가함으로 인해서 주어진 시스템의 기계적 공진 영역에서 발생하는 여러 가지 구동특성을 정량적으로 평가해 보았다. 60[Hz]가 공진인 이동자와 탄성체로 이루어진 시스템에서 58-62[Hz]에서 구동될 경우 힘의 주파수와 가해진 힘에 다라 이동자의 초기 거동을 알아보았으며 초기 0.3초 구간에서 구동되는 특성을 알아보았다. 전체적으로 이동자의 구동 괴적과 주어진 힘의 파형 사이에서 발생하는 시간 처짐은 댐핑계수에 가장 지배적인 영향을 받았으며 구동 힘의 주파수가 공진주파수보다 작으면 점점 증가하고 크면 점점 감소하는 경향을 가지며 공진주파수의 구동력이 가해진다면 시간 처짐은 거의 변화가 없음을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.139-141
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• 2017

By modulating the flow rate of $N_2O$ into a HR motor assembly, a control valve of a hybrid rocket engine plays a role to increase or decrease the thrust. In this study, the control valve has been designed to meet the requirements which are response speed(${\leq}$ about 1 second) and torque(${\geq}$ about $36N{\cdot}m$). Then, when analog signal 0~10V is applied, the situation where the valve is opened and closed has to be realized. To do this, the data values have to be entered into the actuator. Finally, the performance evaluation of the control valve has been performed to validate this product.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 2009

In this paper, we present design and analysis of the omni-directional linear piezoelectric actuator which was consisted of one actuator using the half-wave vibrator. Through calculating vibration speeds on each sector of the actuator, the displacement of contact point of the actuator is theoretically confirmed to be about 33 nm. To confirm an applicable possibility of omni-directional linear piezoelectric actuator, elliptical motion for linear movement, displacement of the tip, changing directions and admittance characteristics are simulated by ATILA. Compared with theoretical result, we obtained similar data with displacement of 32.5 nm at contact point. And then the actuator is simulated elliptical trajectories for linear motions and changing directions according to combination of input signal.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1999

Since the use of porous silicon for microsensors and microactuators is in the euly stage of study, only several application devices, such as light-emitting diodes and chemical sensors have so far been demonstrated. In this paper we present an overview of the present status of porous silicon sensors and actuators research with special emphasis on the applications of chemical sensors and optical devices. The capacitive type porous silicon humidity sensors had a nonlinear capacitance-humidity characteristic and a good sensitivity at higher humidity above $40\%RH$. The porous silicon $n^+-p-n^+$ device showed a sharp increase in current when exposed to an ethanol vapor. The $p^+-PSi-n^+$ diode fabricated on porous silicon diaphragm exhibited an optical switching characteristic, opening up its utility as an optical sensor or switch. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, taken from porous silicon under 365 nm excitation, had a broad emission, peaked at -610 nm. The electroluminescence(EL) from ITO/PSi/In LED had a broader spectrum with a blue shifted peak at around 535nm than that of the PL.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 2010

Actuation using a shape memory alloy (SMA) is considered to be an important technology that will play a leading role in market for next-generation medical devices because an SMA actuator can accurately imitate skillful and delicate hand movements. However, SMA actuators have not been successfully used because of problems in control design caused by the nonlinear hysteresis effect of SMA, which leads to inaccuracies in control systems. In order to overcome the effect, the authors invented a SMA actuator, which could actively and rapidly cool down and heat up, by combining a SMA catheter and a TE module using the Peltier effect. In order to evaluate the TE characteristics of our TE module system, the changes in the temperature with 1) incremental increases in a continuous electric current and 2) the appearance of a discontinuous constant or reverse current are discussed in this paper.