• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.392-393
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• 2022

선박에 IT/OT가 도입되면서 사이버 위협이 증가하고 있습니다. 선박에서의 사이버 리스크 관리를 위해 현존하는 선박 내 사이버자산을 식별하고, 노출된 사이버 위협을 인지하고, 사이버 리스크 평가를 통한 대응방안을 이론적, 사례적으로 분석한 내용을 공유합니다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.398-399
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• 2022

스마트선박 및 자율운항선박에 탑재될 선박 네트워크 보안장비에 대한 모의 공격 방법 및 정보통신망 보안진단 절차에 관하여 이해한다. 선박사이버보안 침해시험을 통하여 보안사고 예방을 통한 선박의 운항 안전성을 확보 하고자 합니다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.29-32
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• 2019

The development of Information and Communication Technology facilitates exchange of information and communication between system in ships or between ships and land facilities, thereby improving the efficiency of their work. However, these changes in the working environment of companies and ships increased the likelihood of cyber security incidents occurance like unauthorized access to company and ship systems or infection of malicious code, which results in significant safety, environmental and business damage to company and ships. Therefore, a cyber-risk-based approach was required to identify and respond to an increasing cyber threats. In this paper, the analysis of maritime cyber security status and guidelines for establishment of maritime cyber security system are provided.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2022

The International Maritime Organization, which is in charge of the international maritime environment and ship safety, has rapidly promoted cyber systems for international dimension agreement and efficiency improvement and improved nautical efficiency. Nevertheless, maritime cyber system attacks still occur every year, and in particular, the number of international maritime cyber security incidents in 2021 appeared to increase sharply compared to 2020. This paper discusses the areas that should be taken into account in order to reduce the increasing sophistication of maritime cyber security. To this end, we will look at typical cases of cyber attacks that have increased sharply in 2021 and analyze the causes of the continuous occurrence of maritime cyber security incidents. In addition, we present several cyber system proposals regarding the current state of maritime cyber systems and the solutions to the problems they face, as well as the matters to be addressed for future maritime cyber systems that will be advanced.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.51-54
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• 2023

국제해사기구(IMO)는 2017년 해사안전위원회(Maritime Safety Committee, MSC)에서 안전관리시스템으로의 해상 사이버 리스크 관리 결의하였다. 또한 국제선급협회(IACS)는 선박 사이버 사고가 인명, 재산 및 환경에 심각한 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 인식하여, 사이버 이슈를 체계적으로 논의하기 위한 사이버시스템 패널을 2016년 신설하였다. IACS 는 2022년 4월, 신조선 사이버보안 통합 요구사항(UR E26) 및 기자재 시스템 사이버보안 통합 요구사항(UR E27)을 배포하였다. 이 규정은 2024년 건조 계약을 체결한 신조선에 강제 적용될 예정이다. 본 논문에서는 신조선에 대한 리스크 기반 사이버 설계보안 접근 방식을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.830-837
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• 2020

With the rapid development of information and communication technology, information exchange between ships and shore has become faster and more convenient, However, accessing ship information has also become easier and concerns about cyber security attacks are growing. When a ship suffers a cyber-attack, it may cause considerable damage and incurs enormous costs and time to repair. In response to this threat, the maritime industry now demands that a cyber security officer be assigned to each ship to take charge of cyber security management onboard. In order to reduce the damage cause by an attack and to respond effectively, a specialized training course for the ship's cyber security officer is required. The purpose of this study was to present a training course for the position of the ship's cyber security officer, and to highlight the necessity of amending current legislation, To this end, domestic and foreign trends, ship cyber security incident cases, and cyber security training courses were investigated, and based on the results a standard training course for a ship's cyber security of icer was developed. Additionally, recommendations on the related amendments to legislation ware established. The results of the study can be used as basic data to establish future training courses for cyber security officers.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2024

In this paper, we analyze the unified requirements of international association of classification societies - cyber resilience of ships, ahead of implementation of the agreement on July 1, 2024, and respond to ship cyber security and resilience programs based on 5 requirements, 17 details, and documents that must be submitted or maintained according to the ship's cyber resilience,. Measures include document management such as classification certification documents and design documents, configuration of a network with enhanced security, establishment of processes for accident response, configuration management using software tools, integrated network management, malware protection, and detection of ship network security threats with security management solutions. proposed a technology capable of real-time response.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1011-1020
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• 2021

Throughout the years, cybersecurity incidents related to the shipbuilding and maritime industries are occurring more frequently as the IT industry develops. Accordingly, expertise in the information protection industry is necessary, and effective education contents on information protection are needed for this purpose. Recently, there have been more and more cases of increasing user experience by applying Metaverse technology to the educational field. Therefore, this study analyzes the existing information protection education and training and the information protection education contents in the maritime industries and proposes four directions for content development (i.e., online education and seminars, cybersecurity threat learning of virtual ships, accident reproduction, and maritime cybersecurity exhibition operation).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.726-734
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• 2019

The current maritime industry is expected to have a significant impact on the role of maritime-related technologies and systems, especially seafarers, in the rapidly changing Fourth Industrial Revolution. The Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) aims to reduce the number of safety accidents and improve seafarers' working environment. With regard to MASS, the International Maritime Organization has been trying to minimize unexpected impact in the maritime education and training sector by establishing international conventions such as the Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers. However, domestic designated educational institutions have not yet established an education and training scheme to develop seafarers who will be on board for MASS. Therefore, this paper reviews the technology of MASS, analyzes the changes in education and training in order to upgrade the qualifications, and suggests the competencies of smart seafarers equipped with the integrated management ability required for Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Cybersecurity, and the Digital System Revolution through education and training. In addition, this study provides basic information for the education and training of seafarers who are optimized for the rapidly changing technological environment.