• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.55-60
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• 2004

The paper describes measurement techniques for an acoustic transfer characteristic of ship's bridge stimulated by a whistle sound. The response sounds, according to the opening-shutting conditions of bridge doors for T／S ‘SAENURI’, are measured by B＆K 2260D equipment, and then extracted the frequency responses by B＆K 7830 software. To evaluate the measured transfer characteristic, the 128th order FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filters, containing the frequency characteristic, are constructed based on the frequency sampling-based design method. Using evaluation indexes with six scales, psychological assessments by five subjects are carried out with test sounds which are convolved source sound and FIR filters. As results of tests, the test sounds gives A／sub s／=3.3∼4.7 which means the psychological sense of 'it is almost similar sound as original ones in a real world', and thus it is cleary seen tint the proposed method can be suit for the measurement of an acoustic transfer characteristic of ship's bridg.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.491-496
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• 2004

The paper describes measurement techniques for an acoustic transfer characteristic of ship's bridge stimulated by a whistle sound The response sounds, according to the opening-shutting conditions of bridge doors for Training Ship ‘SAENURI’, are measured by B＆K 2260D equipment, and then the frequency responses are extracted by B＆K 7830 software. To evaluate the measured transfer characteristic, the 128th order FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filters, containing the different frequency characteristics, are constructed based on the frequency sampling-based design method Using evaluation indexes with six scales, psychological assessments by five subjects are carried out with test sounds which are obtained from convolving the source signal with FIR filters. As results of tests, the test sounds gives $A_S$ 3.3∼4.7 which means the psychological sense of ‘it is almost similar sound as original ones in a real world’, and thus it is clearly seen that the proposed method can be used for the measurement of an acoustic transfer characteristic of ship’s bridge.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2021

According to IMO, MASS is defined as a vessel operated at various levels independent of human interference. The safety navigation support service for MASS is designed to improve the safety and efficiency of MASS by developing public services on shore for ship arrivals/departures and for cargo handling. The safety navigation support service consists of a total of six types of services: autonomous operation, berthing/unberthing/mooring, cargo handling and ship arrival/departure service, PSC inspection, condition monitoring, and accident response support services. In order to support accident response service, the relative importance of a bridge navigational equipment was assessed by stratifying the navigation system to provide safe and efficient support services by objective judgment through specific and quantitative methods using AHP, one of decision-making methods used by an expert group. The survey was conducted by dividing the bridge navigational equipment into depth, location, and speed information. As a result of applying the AHP method, the importance of depth, location, and speed information was assessed. The relative importance of each equipment for providing location information was also assessed in order of Radar, DGPS, ECDIS, Gyro compass, Autopilot, and AIS. This was similar to survey results on the utilization of each operator's preference and its impact on marine accidents.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.233-252
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• 2018

The first Protestant medical missionary, Horace Allen, came to Korea in 1884 and built the first western-style hospital, Jaejungwon. John Heron, Oliver Avison and other foreign medical doctors soon followed. They established hospitals and medical schools, and, by treating patients and educating native doctors, they disseminated and developed modern medicine in Korea. At the same time, they wrote letters and reports to their sponsoring agencies, as well as family and friends, thereby leaving a vast body of literature that is scattered all over the world. Since the end of the 19th century, the records left by foreign medical missionaries have been valuable resources for the study of Korean history. While all types of records, such as diaries, memoirs, reports and travel logs, are available, these tend to be exaggerated or unverifiable because they are unilateral records. In contrast, letters can be verified because they are bilateral records between the recipient and the sender, and cannot be modified or altered according to changes in circumstances. Despite the academic value of these materials, however, there have been insufficient efforts to discover or identify these primary data sources, or to systematically organize them for scholars. This paper identified 49 archival collections from 29 institutions in North America. After analyzing their academic value, the paper will explore digital humanities options in utilizing the letters for future scholarship.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.265-281
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• 2013

The early history of foreign Protestant missionaries in Korea has begun in the late 19th century, when they came to work as professionals such as teachers, medical doctors, etc. as the nation opened its door to western culture with the fall of national isolationism. Their records are considered crucial resources that enable us to shed new light on modern Korean history, politics, economy and society beyond mere religious value. Despite the recognition of such historic value of early missionary resources, however, there has been serious lacking of a systematic attempt to develop policies and plans for making it easy to collect, preserve and access the resources. Up to date, the records of early Protestant missionaries, in diverse forms of mission reports, books, periodicals, personal diaries, letters and photos, are scattered around various places, including their home country churches, governments, libraries, museums, research institutes and homes. Therefore, this research aims at providing basic resources on the archival status of early Protestant missionaries in Korea, needed for developing a sustainable and systematic digital archive system, through the investigation of early foreign missionaries' resources and in-depth interviews of experts. The study covers the period of 1800s to 1910, that is from the beginning of Protestant missionaries entering into Korea until the start of the Japanese annexation in 1910.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.399-410
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• 1985

Bentonites from the Janggi Group of the Lower Miocene age from the Geumgwangdong area, Korea, have been studied for mineralogical and genetic characterization. The Janggi Group is subdivided, in ascending order, into the Janggi Conglomerate, the Nuldaeri Tuff, the Geumgwangdong Shale, the Lower Coal-bearing Formation, the Basaltic Tuff, and the Upper Coalbearing Formation. Bentonites occur as thin or thick beds in all sedimentary units of the Janggi Group, except for the Janggi Conglomerate. Significant bentonite deposits are found in the Nuldaeri Tuff, the Lower Coal-bearing Formation and the Basaltic Tuff. Bentonites consist mainly of smectite (mainly montmorillonite), with minor quartz, cristobalite, opal-CT and feldspar. Occasionally, kaolinite, clinoptilolite or gypsum is associated with bentonites. Bentonites were studied by the methods of petrographic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis (DT A and TG), infrared absorption spectroscopic analysis, SEM, intercalation reaction, and chemical analysis. Smectites commonly occur as irregular boxwork-like masses with characteristic curled thin edges, but occasionally as smoothly curved to nearly flat thin flakes. Most of smectites have layer charge of 0.25-0.42, indicating typical montmorillonite. Crystal-chemical relations suggest that Fe is the dominant substituent for Al in the octahedral layer and there are generally no significant substituents for Si in the tetrahedral layer. Ca is the dominant interlayer cation in montmorillonite. Therefore, montmorillonite from the study area is dioctahedral Ca-montmorillonite. Occurrence and fabrics of bentonites suggest that smectites as well as cristobalite, opal-CT and zeolites have been formed diagenetically from tuffaceous materials. The precursor of smectites is trachytic or basaltic tuff. Smectites derived from the former contain relatively more $Al_2O$ a and less $Fe_2O_3$ than those from the latter.