• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.815-821
• /
• 1994

Short-term fading in a mobile radio channel is mainly caused by multipath reflected wave by local scatterers or natural obstacles surrounding a mobile unit. In this paper, we analyze probability density function(PDF), level crossing rate(LCR) and widths and depths of fades for the measured field strength data in Seoul and Daejeon areas. As a result, the satatistical distribution of signal variations within any small area with the constant mean value becomes the Rayleigh distribution The variation of fade depths is small regardless of the environment such as urban, suburban. etc. However, the variation of fade widths is large with the change of circumstantial structures and environment. the maximum level crossing rate is obtained near the mean value.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.37-50
• /
• 1986

A nutrition survey of 128 perschool children, 4 to 6 years old, in the Saemaul Youlgok day care center, located in one uplane, overpolulated, poor area of the city of Seoul, sponsered by the Korean Red Cross Society, was undertaken between August 21 and 31, 1984, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. RESULTS: Mean values of height, weight, arm circumference, girth of chest, and head circumference ranged from 95 to 100% of KIST mean. However, 4.8~14.2% of the subjects were assessed as undernourished in terms of 'weight for height'. Mean hemoglobin vcalue was 12.1±0.7gm%, and mean hematocrit value was 38.5±2.2%; 4.1% of the subjects were proven to be anemic according to the criterion of hemoglobin established by the ICNND. Mean urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was 11.4±3.8. Regarding mean energy and nutrient intake, the following percentages had intakes below two-thirds of the 1985 RDAs: 28.8% of children, for protein; 48.8% of children, for iron; and 28.8% of children, for calcium. About 25% of children had vitamin A intake below one-third of the recommended allowance. Carbohydrate provided 71% of total energy intake; protein accounted for 13%; fat provided 16%. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in a percentage ration of 19:26:21:34. The lunch, and snacks which were served at the day care center provided 36.5~79.1% of daily energy and nutrient intake. The survey clarified that the day care feding largely supplemented the inadequate dietary intakes of these young children at home. According to factor analysis of energy and nutrient intake, there were two factor groups : the first factor group, for energy, protein, carbohydrate, iron and niacin, mainly provided by grains; and the second factor group, for calcium, vitamin A, thamin, riboflavin and ascorbic acid, provided by vegetables, fruits, milk and milk products. The survey also revealed significant correlation coefficients between family factors such as family income, educational level of parents, and number of children; and dietary or nutritional status of the subjects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.56-75
• /
• 2023

As of 2019, for the 'Island I Want to Visit' project, Banwol and Bakji Islands, located in Shinan-gun, started color marketing to create a tourist attraction by painting roofs, buildings, and facilities purple. As this landscape change was evaluated as a 'dangerous but beautiful attempt,' it was recognized as the 'World's Best Tourism Village' in 2021, drawing attention from domestic and foreign tourists. However, the residents of the islands, who created and enjoy the benefits of the landscape, were alienated from the planning stage. This study investigated the meanings and symbols of residents' perceptions of the purple landscape. The cultural landscape frame of new cultural geography, which interprets the landscape's symbolic meaning and ideological signs, was utilized. In addition, a holistic approach was applied to understand the residents' perceptions of the multi-layered environment. Therefore, the perception of purple, the main color of the islands, the overall landscape and individual places, and the general perception of the Purple Island project were investigated. After the Purple Islands Project, the main senses for recognizing the villages focused on sight, and the residents were satisfied with the purple landscape as it improved the underdeveloped village environment. This satisfaction was based on lessening the negative memories experienced as an island rather than a value judgment on the purple color. In addition, the perception of the symbolic landscape, which has a social and universal system, has been subdivided and reorganized, including for tourism functions. It can be understood as an aspect of the spectacle landscape that appears in cosmopolitanism. However, in the process of transforming into a tourist attraction, it was discovered that the residents recognize the value of local resources and create a new cultural landscape. In addition, the perception of the relationship between Banwol and Bakji has also changed around tourism.