• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.970-979
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• 2012

The purpose of study was to analyze the ecological health of the Namcheon Stream using Index of Biotic Integrity(IBI) Qualitative Habitate Evaluation Index(QHEI) and Water quality condition. Diatom samples were collected from ten sampling sites in the stream at total four times in 2006 and 2007. To assess ecological health of the stream, it was used modify metrics proposed by USEPA(1999). IBI values of the stream averaged 23 which was judged as a "fair". Physical habitate evaluation analysis showed that QHEI values in the stream averaged 57 indicating a "poor" condition. Water quality condition in the stream averaged "II" indicating a "a little good" condition In conclusion, ecological health of the Namcheon Stream was "fair" condition that means habitate minimally disturb in the aquatic environment and relatively good water quality. Especially, St. 6 St. 7, St. 8, and St. 9 showed that QHEI values in the stream averaged 47 indicating a "poor" condition. St. 6 exists mostly to interfere with the flow of the river piers and artificial beams around. They are also serious disturbance at riverbed structure in aquatic ecosystems. St. 10 was good about habitate condition however, it was disturbance of aquatic ecosystems due to nutrient. It is suggest that St. 10 needs to be managed for nutrient inflows.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.195-206
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• 2017

We described a spatial distribution pattern and floral diversity on the Paspalum distichum community occurring at the ecological parks of Hwamyeong, Daejeo, Samnak, and Maekdo in the Nakdong river estuary. A total distribution area of P. distichum community was $303,462.6m^2$. Its largest area was found in Samnak eco-park ($185,910.1m^2$). The most richness of knotgrass patches in each ecological park was determined Maekdo eco-park (87). Cover class level-5 shows the largest area ($260,663.2m^2$). A total of 73 taxa (34 families, 55 genus, 65 species, and 8 varieties) were listed up on the P. distichum community. A welldeveloped population of knotgrass was found predominantly at sites linked into human impacts at the riverine floodplain, the stream courses flowing through the parks, and the man-made channels and wetlands. Finally we proposed an ecological management strategy for knotgrass population in the study area.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1770-1774
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• 2010

하구는 담수와 해수가 만나 넓은 갯벌과 기수역을 형성하여 각종 생물의 서식지이자 어류의 산란지로 이용되는 생태학적으로 중요한 지역이다. 특히 한강 하구는 국내 4 대강 가운데 유일하게 하구둑이 설치되어 있지 않아 조수의 출입이 자유롭고 민간인 접근이 통제되어 있어 자연적인 하천지형과 기수역 생태계가 비교적 잘 보전된 구역이다. 본 연구의 모의영역은 한강 하류부로 상류 경계단은 행주대교, 하류 경계단은 전류단 수위표가 위치한 경기도 연천군 전곡읍 전곡 사랑교 부근으로 설정하였다. 지형자료는 한국건설기술연구원에서 2009년 8월 홍수사상 전 후에 대해 측량한 자료를 사용하였다. 한강 하구역에 대한 지형 격자를 구성하기 위하여 RAMS 전후 처리기인 RAMS-GUI를 사용하였으며, 구성된 지형 격자의 절점 수는 2,354개, 요소 수는 2,145개로 삼각요소와 사각요소가 혼용되어 있다. 구성된 격자망을 이용하여 2차원 하상변동 해석 모형인 SED-2D 모의를 통해 홍수사상에 의한 한강 하구부의 하상변동을 살펴보았다. SED-2D 모형은 미국 육군 공변단의 WES와 미 연방 도로국이 연계하여 개발되어 현재 국내외 2차원 하천해석에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 모형 중 하나이다. 하상변동 해석모형인 SED-2D를 통해 모의된 하상 변동량을 실제 측량된 홍수 전 후의 지형자료와 비교함으로써 모형의 성능을 분석하였다. 분석결과 SED-2D 모형의 경우 침식에 의한 하상변동이 모의되지 않았지만, 전반적인 하상변동 경향을 살펴볼 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2020

본 연구는 한남정맥의 최 북서쪽에 위치한 경기도 김포시의 문수산(376m) 일원을 중심으로 식물상을 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 확인된 관속식물은 97과, 241속, 340종, 41변종, 6아종, 2품종 등 총 389분류군으로 조사되었다. 특산식물은 병꽃나무, 복사앵도 및 산이스라지 등 6분류군이 확인되었고, 식물구계학적 특정식물은 I등급은 부싯깃고사리, 비목나무, 삿갓사초, 소사나무 등 15분류군, II등급은 꼬리조팝나무, 돌단풍, 피나무, 오리나무 등 6분류군, III등급은 좀작살나무, 좀개미취, 산벚나무, 병아리꽃나무 등 5분류군, IV등급은 복상앵도, 산복사 등 3분류으로 확인되었다. 환경부에서 지정한 외래종 및 생태계교란 야생식물은 가시박, 단풍잎돼지풀, 도깨비가지, 미국쑥부쟁이, 애기수영, 털물참새피 등 53분류분이 확인되었다. 하지만 선행연구에서 조사되었던 멸종위기종 II급인 매화마름과 산림청지정 희귀식물 위기종 깽깽이풀 2분류군이 조사되지 않아 추후 추가 조사 및 유전자원 현지내외 보전대책을 수립해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.185-195
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• 2022

This study conducted a survey over spring and autumn from 2014 to 2020 to confirm the ecological characteristics of the size of streams and habitats, centering on the ecological landscape conservation area, and a total 256 species of benthic macroinvertebrates in 105 families, 25 orders, 8 classes, and 5 phyla appeared. In terms of appearance species, by region, the rate of appearance of Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera was high in regions consisting of lotic area and the rate of appearance of Coleoptera and Odonata was high in regions consisting of lentic areas. When comparing the population of Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT) groups by region, they were classified into three groups: upstream area, mainstream area, and lentic areas, and it was confirmed that the population ratio of EPT changed as it moved from upstream to downstream. As the stream order increased, the number of species and populations increased. The Shredder group (SH) tended to decrease as the size of stream increased(r=0.9925), and the Collector-Filtering (CF) tended to increase as the size of stream increased(r=0.9319). It was confirmed that the Scraper (SC) replaced each other between species with the same ecological status as it went downstream from upstream, and it is thought that the SC did not differ significantly by stream order. In order to maintain a healthy ecosystem in the designation and management of ecological landscape conservation areas, it is necessary to consider ecological factors such as competition and physico-chemistry factors such as water quality and substrate conditions. Therefore, if the competent authority designated survey areas including buffer areas that include streams and physical habitats of various sizes, it will be advantageous to the conservative area and securing more biological resources.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.666-674
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• 2013

Physical disturbance, which induces a lack of flow rate, frequently occurs in freshwater ecosystem. Due to this, it is required to provide a new fish shelter to resolve. We installed a pilot scale test-bed to scrutinize the relationship between water level and the influence of fish shelter. The proposed ADP (artificial deep pool) is a fish shelter which composed of concrete materials. From the monitoring results in test-bed, it was observed that the population of fish was the highest at the 0.5 m in depth from the water level of experimental pond. But it was more appropriate for shallow water level (<0.3 m) to conserve the total number of fish by increasing the number per unit area despite of lower inner temperature and DO than outer environment. Therefore, inner of ADP was more efficient lentic system for fish to live due to higher WCS, OS, SS, and TS. In addition, there was a relative abundance of WCS fish species such as Acheilognathus koreensis (A. koreensis), Carassius carassius (C. carassius). Considered these results, it is suggested that ADP is appropriate to use for fish shelter and habitat for the fishes in lentic ecosystem.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 2017

Invasive alien species (IAS) can affect agricultural ecosystem negatively and critically. The geographical distributions of nine IAS plants in Korean orchards and uplands were investigated. Ambrosia artemisiifolia distributed widely in Korean peninsula and Ambrosia trifida distributed intensively in Gyeonggi-do. Aster pilosus distributed in Gyeonggi-Gangwon region and Lactuca scariola distributed linear region from the north-western to south-eastern part of Korea. Hypochaeris radicata distributed mainly in Jeju-do and Solanum carolinense distributed in eastern Gyeonggi-do. Rumex acetosella and Sicyos angulatus sporadically occurred in Korean croplands and Eupatorium rugosum was found in one region only. The distribution of IAS plants in croplands was very similar to that in non-croplands suggesting that ecological position of arable lands is not different from that of non-arable lands. Therefore, IAS plants in the croplands should be managed for not only prevention of yield reduction, but also protection or maintenance of original ecosystem. Development of management methods apposite to current Korean status are required to control IAS plants in croplands.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2009

This study was presented to effect of prescribed burning to the avian fauna and was conducted from March to October 2007 in Sihwa grassland, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Prescribed burning was conducted at Sihwa grassland of Songjeong-ri Mado-myeon, Hwaseong city from 28th February to 1 st March 2007. Thirty birds species were observed and sum of the maximum count was 181 individuals at the prescribed burning area for all survey time. Observed species was 24 species and sum of the maximum count was 154 individuals on the unburned area. Number of species and sum of the maximum count at the prescribed burning area was greater than unburned area. There is no differences in the dominant species between prescribed and unburned area. Average number of species, number of individuals, species diversity and species richness of the prescribed burning area were greater than unburned area in early stage (from March to June) after prescribed burning. Community indices in burned area during early season were different with unburned area by prediscribed burning. However, the indices had became similar between burned and unburned area as time goes by. Disturbance by prescribed burning created new habitat and feeding site temporarily for the avian species in grassland. We would suggest that prescribed burning is most effective method to maintain grassland ecosystem from the invading bush or tree and periodical prescribed burning is a good method to preserve and manage the grassland ecosystem.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1007-1011
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 어류 생태계 유지를 위해 필요한 생태학적 추천유량을 산정하고, 어류의 서식처 환경인 여울과 웅덩이의 형성조건을 검토함으로써 '작용'인 '흐름'과 '응답'인 '하상구조'와의 상관 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상하천인 금호강에서는 하상변동이 활발한 자연 상태를 벗어나 하상의 이동성 상당히 둔화된 상태이며, 저수로내 여울과 웅덩이도 대표어종이 서식할 수 있는 자갈하상 구조에 변화가 일어나고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이것은 금호강 상류에 영천댐 건설의 영향이 어느 정도 미치고 있음을 유황분석 결과를 통해 간접적으로 파악할 수 있었다. 댐과 같은 수공구조물의 건설로 인하여 하도가 고정화된 상태에서 장기간에 걸치게 되면 여울과 웅덩이와 같은 하상구조가 축소되거나 소멸되어 금호강에서의 대표어종 서식처 환경에 영향을 미칠 것으로 추정된다. 금번 연구결과, 금호강에서 어류의 생식에 필요한 생태학적 추천유량 $8.2m^3/sec$가 필요하였으며, 어류의 서식처 환경인 여울과 웅덩이를 지속적으로 유지되기 위해서는 $250m^3/sec$ 이상의 유량이 연간 한번 이상 흘러야 하고, 2.5년 내지 3년 마다 약 $500m^3/sec$ 정도의 유량이 흐를 필요가 있다고 분석되었다. 본 연구 대상지점에서 흐름과 하상구조를 하천생태계와 연계해서 볼 때, 생태추천유량은 어디까지나 대표어종이 서식할 수 있는 최소조건에 불과하다. 대표어종이 장기간에 걸쳐 서식할 수 있는 하상구조가 존재하기 위해서는 대표어종이 선호하는 여울과 웅덩이가 필요하다. 결국 대표어종이 서식하기 위한 필요충분조건은 생태추천유량 확보와 아울러 대표어종이 선호하는 하상구조를 유지하기 위해서는 하도의 이동성을 유발할 유황변화가 필요하다는 것이 입증되었다.대상으로 연중 발생하는 큰 호우사상에 대해 임의의 강우관측소를 결측지점으로 가정하고 주변의 강우관측소로부터 각각의 방법을 이용해 가중치들을 산정하여 결측지점의 강우량 값을 보정하고자 하였다. 또한 각각의 방법을 이용하여 얻어진 결과에 대해 실측값과 보정값의 오차정도를 평균절대오차법(Mean Absolute Error)과 제곱평균제곱근오차법(Root Mean Squared Error)에 의해 산정하여 보정 방법간의 효율성을 검토하고자 하였다.9년, 그리고 2010년${\sim}$2019년까지 총 4구간으로 나누어 결과를 도출하였으며 예상한 바와 같이 후반기 20년 동안에 세 가지 지표가 취약해 지는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 특히 2000년부터 2009년까지 10년 동안에는 더욱 취약해짐을 확인할 수 있었다.를 보임에 따라 그 정책적 효과는 때로 역기능적인 결과로 초래하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 연구결과를 통하여 최소한 주식시장(株式市場)에서 위탁증거금제도는 그 제도적 의의가 여전히 있다는 사실이 확인되었다. 또한 우리나라 주식시장에서 통상 과열투기 행위가 빈번히 일어나 주식시장을 교란시킴으로써 건전한 투자풍토조성에 저해된다는 저간의 우려가 매우 커왔으나 표본 기간동안에 대하여 실증분석을 한 결과 주식시장 전체적으로 볼 때 주가변동율(株價變動率), 특히 초과주가변동율(超過株價變動率)에 미치는 영향이 그다지 심각한 정도는 아니었으며 오히려 우리나라의 주식시장은 미국시장에 비해 주가가 비교적 안정적인 수준을 유지해 왔다고 볼 수 있다.36.4%)와 외식을 선호(29.1%)${\lrcorner}$ 하기 때문에 패스트푸드를 이용하게 된 것으로 응답 하였으며, 남 여 대학생간에는 유의한 차이(p<0.05)가 인정되었다. 응답자의 체형은 ${\ulco

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.228-236
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate fish metric attributes using a model of Lentic Ecosystem Health Assessment (LEHA) and apply the model to the dataset sampled from six sites of Namyang Reservoir during October 2005$\sim$May 2006. The model was composed of 11 metries and the metric attributes were made of physical, chemical and biological parameters. Trophic composition's metrics showed that tolerant species ($M_3$, 80%) and omnivore species ($M_4$, 92%) dominated the fish fauna, indicating a biological degradation in the aquatic ecosystem. The metric of $M_7$, relative proportions of exotic species, also showed greater than 8% of the total, indicating a ecological disturbance. The average value of LEHA model was 24.3 (n= 12) in the reservoir, indicating a "poor condition" by the criteria of An and Han (2007). Spatial variation based on the model values was low (range: $21{\sim}26$), and temporal variation occurred due to a monsoon rainfall. Electrical conductivity (EC) and tropic state index of chlorophyll-$\alpha$ [TSI(CHL)] was greater in the premonsoon than the postmonsoon.