• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2003

To evaluate the effects of slow release fertilizer and chemical dispersant on oil biodegradation, mesocosm studies were conducted on sand seashore. The rapid removal rates (85%) of aliphatic hydrocarbons and the simultaneous decreases of n-$C_{17}$/pristane (69%) and $n-C_{18}/phytane$ (61%) ratios by the addition of slow-release fertilizer (SRF) within 37 days of experiment indicated that SRF could enhance the oil degrading activity of indigenous microorganisms in sand mesocosm. Although the growth of heterotrophic bacteria and petroleumdegrading bacteria in the mesocosm treated with $Corexit 9527^{R}$ was stimulated, the biological oil removal based on the ratios of $Corexit 9527^{R}$ and $n-C_{18}/phytane$ was inhibited. Removal rates of aliphatic hydrocarbons (56%), and n-$C_{17}$/pristane (27%) and $n-C_{18}/phytane$ (17%) ratios by the addition of chemical dispersant $Corexit 9527^{R}$ were similar or lower than those values of control (50, 60, 46%), respectively. The biodegradation activity, however, when simultaneously treated with SRF and $Corexit 9527^{R}$, was not highly inhibited and even recovered after the elimination of chemical dispersant. From these results it could be concluded that the addition of SRF enhanced the oil removal rate in oligotrophic sand seashore and chemical dispersant possibly inhibit the oil biodegradation. Hence, in order to prevent the unrestrained usage of chemical dispersant in natural environments contaminated with oil, the National Contingency Plan of Oil Spill Response should be carefully revised in consideration of the application for bioremedaition techniques.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.300-305
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• 2010

Zaltoprofen is a propionic acid derivative of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and has been widely used in the treatment of a number of arthritic conditions or lumbago. Zaltoprofen has low water solubility and low bioavailability, therefore great efforts have been devoted to enhance the extent of drug adsorption. In this study, zaltoprofen was formulated into a tablet to enhance the bioavailability and to achieve sustained-release using additives such as lactose monohydrate, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were employed to study the structure and crystallization of zaltoprofen in the tablet with various contents of additives. It was found that additives had interactions with zaltoprofen and inhibited the crystallization of zaltoprofen. Tablets containing low viscosity HPMC showed a higher release than those containing high viscosity HPMC. Also, as the amount of CMC increased zaltoprofen release increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.419-421
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• 2012

The current situation and problems of sensory console games was analyzed focusing on the Nintendo 'Wii.' In order to develop the limitation of contents that lean strongly towards sports and fail to offer diversity one step further into glocal cultural contents, a solution of applying 'Bollywood,' which has a main musical format, is presented. Bollywood is a unique cultural code of India which can stimulate the purchase desires of consumers with its exotic freshness in third countries, and can be used to lead sales of a new form of game culture that is familiar yet in a new format in the 1.1 billion people Indian market. The political, social and economic codes of Bollywood are examined in this study in addition to cultural contents and codes that include Bollywood to develop contents that are not foreign to their culture.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1175-1181
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• 2011

Practice education using virtual medical simulation has been recently introduced to maximize the learning efficiency in clinical environment. Specially, in minimally invasive surgery, the necessity of virtual surgery medical simulation has been substantially increased. Since cauterizing effect occurred frequently in minimally invasive surgery has been represented by simple bleeding, realistic cauterizing effect animation has not been proposed yet. In this paper, we propose realistic real-time cauterizing effect animation. Proposed method changes the individual element of each vertex color of the mesh and uses sigmoid function to impose weights for the smooth color change inside the valid mesh region so that the results of cauterizing effect animation was realistic. In addition, by proposing cauterizing color buffer, overlapped cauterizing effects can be realistically represented. Proposed method greatly improves the sense of the real and absorption in virtual surgery medical simulation so that the education efficiency of doctors and students using medical simulation can be maximized.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.500-505
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• 2009

This study was carried out to fortify the antimicrobial activity of yogurt by adding garlic juice to it. A raw garlic bulb was grated and heated with Glycyrrhiza uralensis to improve its antimicrobial activity and palatability. Yogurt was made with 0, 4, 8, and 12% garlic juice, and was evaluated in terms of its lactic starter growth, physico-chemical characteristics, growth inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 40510, and sensory characteristics. The garlic juice significantly increased the growth of the yogurt starter (p<0.05), which was highest with the addition of 4% garlic juice. Significant (p<0.05) inhibition of S. aureus KCCM 40510 occurred with the addition of 12% garlic juice. The preference was lowered with the addition of garlic juice, but the addition of 4% garlic juice showed no significant difference (p>0.05). To increase the antimicrobial activity of yogurt with the addition of garlic juice, further studies on the increase in the palatability of garlic juice are necessary.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2004

Inhibition of the early N-glycosylation process in the endoplasmic reticulum prevents the activation of tyrosinase, a key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis. This work aims at evaluating the increased activity of N-glycosylation inhibitors in vitro b, employing a nano-sized pH-sensitive liposome as a delivery carrier. Melexsome, a pH-sensitive nano carrier loaded with glycosylation inhibitos, was prepared by the hydration method with phospholipids and cholresterol-based amphiphiles. Inhibitory effects of Melexsome on the N-glycosylation process were evaluated by EndoH ＆ PNGaseF digestion and the western blotting. Melanin synthesis was also monitored after treatment with Melexsome Interestingly, Melexsome effectively increased the efficacy of N-glycosylation inhibitors. Melexsome was also much more efficiently translocated into the cytoplasm as observed in CLSM. These results demonstrated that the amphiphilic lipid-based pH-sensitive nano-carriers could be, used as an efficient delivery system for N-glycosylation inhibitor to enhance the effects of skin whitening cosmetics.

• Journal of Chitin and Chitosan
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2017

This study was conducted to examine the physicochemical properties and hot air-dried and spray-dried powders process of sweet potato and steamed sweet potato. The moisture and the total starch contents were 1.66~2.19% and 52.65~57.42%, respectively. The total starch contents increased during process steaming. The water absorption index of the spray-dried powders (0.97 and 2.03) was lower than that of the hot air-dried powders (2.12 and 4.71), and the water solubility index of the spray-dried powders (83.83 and 86.95%) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders (68.40 and 81.21%). The particle size and outer topology of the spray-dried powders were 46.18 and $65.53{\mu}m$, and its shape was generally globular. In the DSC analysis of this study, the $T_o$ of the spray-dried powders (64.40 and $67.80^{\circ}C$), $T_p$ of the spray-dried powders (74.40 and $78.20^{\circ}C$), and $T_c$ of the spray-dried powders (81.10 and $81.60^{\circ}C$) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders. The solubility contents of the spray-dried powders (68.21 and 80.73%) was lower than that of the hot air-dried powders, and the swelling power contents of the spray-dried powders (14.79 and 15.35%) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders. The amylose contents of spray-dried powders (11.67 and 12.51%) was lower than that of the hot air-dried powders. The soluble dietary fiber contents of spray-dried powders (1.34 and 2.02%) was higher than that of the hot air-dried powders.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2022

The purpose of this study attempted to provide basic data for the safety awareness intervention program by identifying smoking, drinking and safety awareness survey using raw data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1, 2019). The self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the gender, age, smoking, drinking, and safety awareness. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for the general characteristics according to gender and the difference between smoking and drinking. positive thinking, emotional expressivity, public speaking anxiety. The SPSS WIN 23.0 version program was used for data analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used for the general characteristics according to gender and the difference between smoking and drinking. There were significant difference between wearing a seat belt while driving and smoking for life (𝑥²=6581.46, p<.001). Among safety awareness, there was a statistically significant difference between wearing a seat belt while driving and lifelong drinking experience (𝑥²=6421.29, p<.001). It is considered that this can be used to prepare a customized smoking prevention education and alcohol prevention education intervention program to improve safety awareness.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2017

Moyamoya disease is a disorder in which certain arteries in the brain are constricted. Blood flow can be blocked by the constriction and blood clots. The patients frequently experience transient ischemic attacks (TIA), cerebral hemorrhage, or may not experience any symptoms at all. It is reported that they have a higher risk of recurrent stroke and a distinct underlying pathophysiology. A 3-year-8-month old boy with moyamoya disease experienced cerebral infarctions five times, and he underwent a cerebrovascular anastomosis surgery four years ago. He showed swallow disturbance, general delayed development, hemiplegia, and strabismus. Also he had hypocalcified teeth with or without multiple caries lesions in all dentitions. Dental treatment under general anesthesia using sevoflurane was performed due to his lack of cooperation. Moyamoya disease is associated with various medical conditions requiring a thoughtful deliberation and a careful examination before and during dental treatment. Pain and anxiety control during dental treatment is important because hyperventilation induced by crying has been seen to trigger TIA. Both isoflurane and sevoflurane are commonly used in patients with MMD, but dynamic autoregulation is better preserved during sevoflurane than isoflurane anesthesia. So sevoflurance general anesthesia may be recommendable to manage dental patients having multiple caries with moyamoya disease.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.486-493
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• 2017

This study examined the stress reaction, resilience levels, and the effects of the stress reaction on the resilience among dental hygiene students. From July 11, 2016 to July 29, 2016, questionnaires were collected from 274 dental hygiene students in several areas. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS Statistics ver.21.0. The stress reaction level of dental hygiene students was found to be 2.59 out of 5 points and the resilience level was 4.47 out of 7 points. The stress reaction and resilience showed a significant negative correlation in Fatigue, Tension, Frustration, Anger, Depression, Aggression(p>0.001), and stomatization(p>0.05). In other words, the lower the resilience, the higher the stress reaction.The factors of stress reaction influencing the resilience were depression and somatization, which explained 25.6%(R2=0.256). Therefore, to enhance the resilience of dental hygiene students, it is important to investigation the stress reaction and there should be more concern with students who have higher depression and stomatization. In addition, efforts to control the stress reaction are needed.