• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.101-111
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• 2013

In this study, DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) was carried out on the four bridges, which have the same extension (L=1,615m), in order to select the most superior, economical method of construction using the LCC concept of each bridge structure in the case of the Ulsan-Pohang double track railway which is scheduled to be constructed. DEA models were analyzed with the CCR model, which was designed for the evaluation of relative efficiency of each model. The initial construction costs, maintenance costs, indirect costs (user costs + indirect loss of social costs), and life cycle costs were used as input variables, and average duration was applied as the output variable. LCC was applied to calculate the input variables, and to get the costs of LCC, 100 years of period and 4.83% of real discount rate were applied, and the costs are classified into initial construction, maintenance, user, and indirect loss of social cost. The analysis results showed that the Method 2 and 3 were evaluated as the most efficient, and the other alternatives were evaluated as the following order; Method 1, the default, and Method 4.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.6 s.28
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• pp.133-141
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• 2005

In the resent years, the importance of VE (value engineering) and LCC (life cycle cost) analysis for apartment building construction projects has been fully recognized. Accordingly theoretical models, guidelines, and supporting software systems were developed for the value engineering and life cycle cost analysis for construction management including large building systems. However, the level of consensus on VE and LCC analysis results is still low due to the lack of reliable data on maintenance. This paper presents time dependent LCC model based value analysis method for rational investment decision making and design alternative selection for construction of apartment building. The proposed method incorporates a time dependent LCC model and a performance evaluation technique by fuzzy logic theory to properly handle the uncertainties associated with statistics data and to analyze the value of alternatives more rationally. The presented time dependent VE and LCC analysis procedure were applied to a real world project, and this case study is discussed in the paper. The model and the procedure presented in this study can greatly contribute to design value engineering alternative selection, the estimation of the life cycle cost, and the allocation of budget for apartment building construction projects.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.66-73
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• 2022

In order to induce users to purchase excellent products in the water industry that satisfy the technical standards of excellent products, in this study, it is to present the advantages of the cost aspect of the pumps as the objective basis. It will be to promote technology development of domestic water companies and to create a virtuous cycle structure in the water industry. In order to present an objective basis for the merits in terms of cost, an economic evaluation was conducted through life cycle cost analysis. For the LCC analysis, initial cost (pump cost and installation cost), operation cost (energy cost and maintenance cost) and demolition cost (disposal cost and residual value) are searched and calculated. As the results of comparison on two capacity of pumps, the energy cost of the excellent pump is 212 million KRW lower than the that of general pump in the large pump. The cost of excellent pump was 17 million KRW lower than that of general pump in small capacity pump. As the results of sensibility test, if the product is developed in the direction of improving pump efficiency and increasing the replacement cycle of consumables, it is predicted that the effect on LCC will be large.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.18 no.4 s.70
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• pp.445-452
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• 2005

This paper presents a design method to minimize Life Cycle Cost (LCC) of steel box girders. The LCC considered in this paper includes initial cost, expected life-cycle maintenance cost and repair cost. A load carrying capacity curve is derived from a condition grade curve of steel girders and load tarrying capacity that is measured in safety diagnostic test. And then, optimal design of steel box girders is performed on the basis of load carrying capacity curve. In this paper time and number of times for repair of steel girders are determined based on the calculated load carrying capacity curve. Also, annual costs considering real discount rate are compared and analyzed in various cases. It is concluded that the optimal design of steel box gilders considering LCC by the presented method will lead to more economical and safer girders than conventional design.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2014

Recently, the demand on the practical application of life-cycle cost effectiveness for design and rehabilitation of structure is rapidly growing unprecedently in engineering practice. Accordingly, in the 21st century, it is almost obvious that life-cycle cost together with value engineering will become a new paradigm for all engineering decision problems in practice. However, in spite of impressive progress in the researches on the LCC, the most researches have only focused on the Deterministic or Probabilistic LCC analysis approach (Level-1 LCC Model) at design stage. Thus, the goal of this study is to develop a practical and realistic methodology for the Lifetime risk based Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)-effective optimum decision-making at design stage.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.216-224
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• 2008

Recently, most developed countries use the evaluation system about Life Cycle Cost(LCC), and KOREA is beginning to introduce the system to reduce construction expenses. And the introduction of "Technical Proposal Type Bid", which is a new procurement method of Korea government, has made needs for the price-valuation way to evaluate facilities LCC. These days, LCC has been being evaluated by BTL and turnkey project in KOREA, which is suffering from difficulties in evaluating it, because evaluation elements and standards are vague. In addition, LCC evaluation in public construction business except BTL and turnkey is not carried out. Therefore, this paper is to develop a new evaluation index to evaluate LCC both systematically and objectively. The results of this paper are as followings. (1) Necessity and problem analysis of LCC evaluation index, (2) LCC evaluation index deduction from the technical report and question analysis, (3) Application and evaluation method suggestion to practice.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.6A
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• pp.977-988
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• 2006

The goal of this study is to develop a realistic methodology for determination of the Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)-effective optimal seismic retrofit and maintenance strategy of deteriorating bridges. The proposed methodology is based on the concept of minimum LCC which is expressed as the sum of present value of seismic retrofit costs, expected maintenance costs, and expected economic losses with the constraints such as design requirements and acceptable risk of death. The proposed methodology is applied to the LCC-effective optimal seismic retrofit and maintenance strategy of a steel bridge considered as a example bridge in the accompanying study, and various conditions such as corrosion environments and Average Daily Traffic Volumes (ADTVs) are considered to investigate the effects on total expected LCC. In addition, to verify the validity of the developed methodology, the results are compared with the existing methodology. From the numerical investigation, it may be positively expected that the proposed methodology can be effectively utilized as a practical tool for the decision-making of LCC-effective optimal seismic retrofit and maintenance strategy of deteriorating bridges.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.448-455
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• 2016

Diffuse pollution management in Korea initiated by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) resulted to the construction of pilot facilities termed Best Management Practices (BMPs). Twelve BMPs installed for the diffuse pollution management in the Kyung-An Stream were monitored since 2006. Data on the mass loading, removal efficiency, maintenance activities, etc. were gathered and utilized to conduct the evaluation of long-term performance of BMPs. The financial data such as actual construction, design and maintenance cost were also collected to evaluate the lifecycle cost (LCC) of BMPs. In this study, most of the maintenance activity was focused in the aesthetic maintenance that resulted to the annual maintenance cost of the four BMP types was closely similar ranging from 8,483 $/yr for retention pond to 8,888 $/yr infiltration system. The highest LCC were observed in constructed wetland ($418,324) while vegetated system had the lowest LCC ($210,418). LCC of BMPs was not so high as compared with the conventional treatment facility and sewage treatment plant. On the other hand, the relationship of removal efficiency on unit cost for TSS and TN was significant. This study will be used to design the cost effective BMP for diffuse pollution management and become models for LCC analysis.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.71-83
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• 2012

The use of technical proposal tendering has been expanding recently with the aim of effecting cost reduction, quality enhancement, technological development and value realization centered on multifunctional administrative cities, innovation cities, and the Yongsan relocation project. In line with the increasing interest towards life cycle cost improvement measures as an important evaluation category concerning technical proposal tendering, efforts in preparing measures that can execute the security of credibility and objective evaluation concerning architectural life cycle cost are being made. However, problems such as lack of applicable cases of design development and detail design, distortion of initial construction costs concerning the original plan, combination of constant price and current price, the ambiguity of the calculation standards between tendering corporations, inaccuracy of terms, and insufficient compositional formats concerning life cycle improvement measures are being cited. Accordingly, this study sought to propose a measure to improve the compositional guidelines, format, and standards so that a systematic life cycle cost evaluation can be executed for the reliable distinction of each participating corporation, enhanced credibility and objective evaluation of the life cycle cost improvement measure for technical proposals.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.321-332
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• 2013

Costs and expenses are intertwined and incurred throughout an entire construction project, even from the pre-construction phase, and each phase has a different impact on the life cycle cost (LCC). However, the cost breakdown structure (CBS) is different in each phase of a building construction project, which makes it hard to reasonably calculate construction cost. For this reason, the boundary conditions were analyzed in this study based on the life cycle cost break structure (LCCBS). In addition, breakdown factors were analyzed based on the boundary conditions to derive a linkage method. The validity of the linkage method was verified through application to actual construction projects. Through the analysis, it was found that the problem of items being left out was reduced by more than 97.2 percent, and the work was done an average of 6 hours faster compared to the conventional method. It is expected that by applying the new LCC system, LCC will be both reduced and calculated in a more efficient manner.