• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 2014

Currently Welfare is emphasized and the trend of SOC investment shows downwards slopping. The pattern of SOC investment also changes focusing on railroad as environmental issues are critical. This study analyzes and compares the effects of sectoral SOC investments based on Input-Output Tables published by BOK (Bank of Korea). The production inducement, value-added inducement, and employment inducement effects of each sector SOC, which consist of road, railroad, port, and airport, are investigated. First, in view production inducement, sectoral SOC investments have stronger economic effects than manufacture sector. The investment of port and road show the highest value-added inducement in construction process. The investment of road records the highest employment inducement in construction and operation process. The empirical ananlysis of regional economic effects, using Regional Input-Output Tables, supports these explanation showing almost same results. As synthesizing these results, the SOC stocks have to be invested consistently for long periods. Especially the road investment is inevitable for employment. Which sector of SOC is invested depends on circumstances. If government emphasizes production inducement, railroad is invested. If focuses on value-added inducement, port.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.589-595
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• 2019

The policies and researches for the reduction of greenhouses gases have been performed according to"Paris Agreement". Because South Korea is the $6^{th}$ biggest greenhouses gas emitter in the world, the Korea government has prepared the strategies for the reduction of greenhouse gases. The development of CCUS (Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage) technology is necessary to reduce greenhouse gases. Therefore, the CCUS has been studied by many contries in the world. In this work, the trends of CCUS technologies R&D has been shortly investigated.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.2_3
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• pp.95-101
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• 1993

1992년 6월부터 1993년 9월 동안에 서울에서 이루어진 바랭이와 잔디의 분지형(branching pattern)과 유효엽면적(effective leaf area)에 대한 정량적 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 분지 끝 지점의 2차원적인 위치는 수학적 방식을 이용한 이론적 모델에 의해 분지사이의 각과 분지 길이들이 상대적인 비를 이용하여 계산할 수 있다. 2. 분지각과 분지길이의 상대적인 비는 바랭이나 잔디의 개체와 군락의 전체적인 구조를 효과적으로 분석하는데 있어 매우 적절하게 사용될 수 있다. 3. 시간에 따라 변화되는 분지형을 명확히 분석하기 위해 positive feedback theory를 성장 분석 모델로 적용하였다. 4. 분지의 마디 배열은 봄에서 여름에 이르는 생장 기간동안에 변화됨을 나타내었다. 주지(mother branch)와 복지(daughter branch)사이의 각은 적정치에 수렴하는 양상을 보였으며 그 평균값은 바랭이가 50도, 잔디가 59도임을 알 수 있었다. 5. 야외에서 관찰된 실험적 측정치아 모식적 구성을 통해서 최대 물질 생산과 연관된 햇빛 흡수와 수용의 극대화를 위한 분지형과 최대 유효엽면적의 상관 관계를 분석하였다. 6. 따라서 수학적 모식을 이용한 분지형 분석은 실험적 측정치와 잘 일치하며, 이런 수관형의 형성은 유전적 요소와 환경적 요소에 의해 영향을 받을 뿐만 아니라 식물의 적응적 중요성을 지니는 유효잎면적, 관수용 및 광합성과 물질생산의 극대화를 분석하는데도 유효하게 쓰일 수 있다.

• Proceedings of The KACE
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• 2017.08a
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• pp.139-141
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• 2017

노인복지회관에서 어르신들을 대상으로 스마트폰 사용법 도움 봉사활동을 하면서, 어르신들의 스마트폰 사용법 질문의 수집 분석을 통하여 어떤 부분에 가장 많이 어려움을 겪고 있는지를 조사하였다. 또한 그런조사를 바탕으로 스마트폰 사용에 도움을 받을 수 있는 효과적인 방법을 고려하여 보았다. 연구 결과 어르신들은 정보의 생산, 공유, 관리에 매우 적극적인 활용 욕구를 가지고 있었으며 동영상 및 사진에 대한 관심이 무척 높고, 친구 및 가족과의 소통을 위하여 카톡을 주로 사용하고 페이스북에 대한 관심이 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 이동을 위한 교통에 대한 도움을 받고자 하는 비율이 높았다.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2013

글로벌동향브리핑(GTB)에서는 100여명의 국내 외 과학기술 전문가가 농림 수산, 생명과학, 보건 의료 등 19개 주제로 해외 과학기술동향을 소개하고 있다. 이를 바탕으로 식품분야의 연구주제를 선정해 최신 해외과학기술 주요동향을 요약하여 재정리 하고자 한다. 과학기술정책의 패러다임이 생산성, 효율성을 높이는 방향에서 삶의 질, 복지 등 사회적 기여도를 높이는 방향으로 전환하고 있다. 식품의 기능은 다른 측면에서는 식품의 독성이기도하다. 이번 호에서는 지난 시기 발표된 식품의 기능과 함께 독성이라는 측면에서의 연구결과를 다루고자 한다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.51-69
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• 1995

The Swedish welfare state has been the model for others to emulate the archetypical example of state intervention. The state interventions are presented in the form of legal acts. These social welfare acts can be classified according to the demographic transition theory. According to the Bogue's theory, the demographic transition in Sweden took place in four stages : the pre-transitional stage before 1810; the early transitional stage from 1810 to 1860; the mid-transitional stage from 1860 to 1930; the late transitional stage from 1930 to now. As we look into the social welfare acts in Sweden, the relief of the poor was the major concern of the early transitional stage, the care of workers was the major concerns of the mid-transitional stage and the care of the families was the major concerns in the late transitional stage. The Korea's transition period can be devided as follows; the pre-transitional stage before 1960; the early transitional stage from 1960 to 1969; the mid-transitional stage from 1970 to 1987; and the late transitional stage from 1987 to now. In Korea, the major concern of the early transitional stage was the care of the officials and the workers; in the mid-transitional stage the care of the aged and the handicapped were the major concerns. And in the late transitional stage the expanding of the welfare clients was the major concern. If we compare the results of both countries, the relief of the poor, the care of the workers and the care of the families will be the major concerns in Korea, because the social welfare acts in Korea are extended to specific groups and not to the whole population. The acts related to these social issues have been arranged in 120 years in Sweden. But Korea had to do the same work in 27 years. So the burden of making those social acts will be four times heavier. If we want to extend the benefits of the social system to the general population, we need to look at the design and approach of the swedish model. The reason why swedish social acts constitute an international model has more to do with the uniqueness of its design and approach. First of all, it is characteristic by its universalism, secondly by its emphasis on social services and thirdly by its productivitism. Also the swedish welfare state supported by a high-tax system called the earnings-related welfare system. In order to achieve an effective welfare state, we Koreans should pay attention to the relief of the poor, the care of the worker and the families. We should also focus on a good system design and prepare appropriate budgets.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.145-150
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate farmers' field survey to improve animal welfare certification standards and to obtain basic data on the animal welfare level for certified farmers to develop evaluation methods of animal welfare level suitable for domestic farm environment. The subjects of the study were selected 10 animal welfare laying certified farmhouses. The farming certified farming facility survey collected breeding form, head, feed and drink space, breeding density, length and shape of perch. Animal welfare was assessed by the presence of sand bath, spawning, enrichment measures, free range, feathers pecking. The results of the study showed that most the certified animal welfare laying hens complied with the certification standards. All the farms were providing the nest box, but there were farms with more than 20% of the spawning rate. The perches were provided in sufficient length, but only three of ten farms were using rounded perches. Feather damage has been identified in most survey farms, which is likely to be due to feather damage caused by roosters producing both fertilized eggs. In this study, 10 farm households were surveyed. It was not possible to represent the whole certified farmhouse. Therefore, it should be analyzed thoroughly to evaluate the level of animal welfare.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.73-82
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• 2024

The gut microbiome of broilers is a critical factor in overall health and productivity. However, high summer temperatures and high stocking density (conventional farm condition) may cause stress to broilers, resulting in an imbalance in the gut microbiome. This study was conducted to compare the gut microbiome of broilers between spring and summer in welfare (Bosung, Jeollanam-do, South Korea) and conventional farms (Jangsu, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea). A total of 31 broilers were assigned to the following groups: conventional farm in spring (n = 8); conventional farm in summer (n = 8); welfare farm in spring (n = 7); welfare farm in summer (n = 8). Cecal digesta were collected from eight broilers from each farm, and microbiome analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Beta diversity analysis indicated clear differences in cecal microbiome composition between spring and summerin both welfare and conventional farm. At the phylum level, analysis of conventional farm revealed a higher proportion of Bacteroidetes in spring than in summer. At the genus level, broilers exhibited a higher abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipesin spring compared to summer. In contrast, the difference in microbial flora composition observed in welfare farm was relatively small compared to conventional farm. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that heat stress can negatively affect the caecum microbiome of broilers. However, improvements in the housing environment can mitigate the effects of heat stress.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.119-141
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• 2016

This study analyzed on the basis of the norms and experience the Seongnam youth dividend ordinance. Youth dividend pros in the normative dimension to understand in order to achieve social justice. Further, youth dividend can replace the existing policy. On the other hand, the opposite of youth dividend is pointed out that the policy is ambiguous without morally justifiable. Also it has been pointed out inefficiencies means. Youth dividend Pros empirical dimension is a social considerations measures, there is a need for innovation by the failure of existing measures. On the other hand, youth dividend opposed to target efficiency is low, and that the problem is often to the contents of the salary. Because both sides are too contrast, consensus is difficult, can be political point of view is a significant impact. The basic income is a new thought experiment for human self-realization. Therefore, the production social welfare policy personality is a different policy science. That is, it is a long-term care social policy that requires a holistic life support. In addition, a non-empirical policy that requires a material support for the substantial freedom. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the philosophical meaning than scientific evaluation of traditional policy aiming to realize autonomous life. Therefore, radio waves of basic income through the welfare politics and exercise is still important strategy.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate animal welfare approved farms in three housing systems (open, windowless, and free-range). The survey was conducted in 25 animal welfare approved farms, and 10 farms were surveyed for distribution status. The main breed in all animal welfare approved farms of laying hens was Hy-Line Brown variety. In the case of open house, laying hens were bred in traditional and panel houses simultaneously; however, the ratio of panel house was 58.3%, which was higher than that of the traditional house. All the windowless houses were made of panels and more than 15,000 laying hens were housed in a single windowless house. In the case of free-range house, it was maintained on a small scale of less than 12,000 birds. Fifty-six percent of the surveyed farms were breeding at $7{\sim}8birds/m^2$. In terms of male and female ratios, most farms maintained 1 male:15 females, but there was a farmhouse that switched 17 or 20 females to 1 male. The daily dietary allowance was 110~170 g, and 32% of the surveyed farms provided feed of more than 150 g/day, which showed that forage feed was important. The age of at the first egg was 123 days, 122 days, and 120 days, and the peak percent was 91.8%, 94.9%, and 86.5% in open, windowless and free-range houses, respectively. The average egg production rate was 74.0%, 84.6%, and 72.7% in open, windowless, and free-range houses respectively, thus, there was no correlation between feed intake and hen-housed eggs. Distribution of welfare certified eggs was mainly a direct deal with the consumer or through contract production. The ratio of direct transactions between large-scale marts and eco-friendly specialty stores of welfare approved eggs was higher than that of conventional eggs. The rate of contract sales of eggs in both the barn and free-range systems was high, and the percentage of courier sales farms was also high. Excluding courier services, price of eggs in the barn system rose to more than 30 won/egg in the second half of 2017 (after AI). Price of eggs in the free-range system rose to more than 50 won/egg in the second half of 2017 (after AI). In the case of courier sales, the same price of 500 won was maintained before and after AI. In conclusion, the results of this study can be used as basic data for improving the animal welfare certification system for laying hens in Korea.