• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.15 no.26
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• pp.43-48
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• 1992

국제적으로 증가되어지고 있는 제조업분야의 경쟁으로 인하여 사업체들 간에는 경쟁적으로 이상적인 방법의 공장자동화 (Factory Automation)를 품질향상 및 생산성증가를 위한 한 방법으로 채택하고 있다. 치열해지는 경쟁력으로부터 시장을 고수하기 위해 공장자동화가 기업들 간에는 근본대책으로 설정되고 있는데, 이러한 경향은 사업체들이 보다 나은 품질의 제품을 저렴한 가격으로 소비자에게 제공하고 생산력향상을 경제적으로 달성하기 위하여 많은 액수의 비용을 투자하게끔 하고 있다. 현재 여러 종류의 공장자동화 방법이 개발되고 있고, 채택되어지고 있다. 그 중에서도 현재 많은 각광을 받고있는 분야가 유동제조시스템(Flexible Manufacturing System ; FMS)이다. 본 연구에서는 유동제조시스템을 공장자동화의 한 방법으로 채택하기 위해 필요한 기본적인 두 가지 요소, 정당화 및 계획과정에 관하여 논하였다. 우선적으로 정당화되어야 할 문제점들 중에는: 1) 유동성에 대한 이해와 경제성에 대한 연구, 그리고 2) 노사관계에 관한 문제점들을 고찰하여 각 기업의 특성에 맞게 조절을 해야한다. 이러한 점들에 대한 이해, 연구, 고찰이 이루어지고 정당성이 성립이된 후에는 유동제조시스템을 점차적으로 정착시킨다. 이 진행과정에서 성립되어야 할 점들은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시스템 채택방법을 택하고, 둘째, 분임조를 결성시켜 설정되어진 과제들을 분담하여 해결해 나아가면서 유동제조시스템이 하나의 고유적인 방법으로 회사의 특색 및 실정에 맞게 정착되도록 한다.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.111-122
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• 2012

Establishment of the LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) system is very urgent issue for recycling livestock manure as renewable resources in Korea faced with environmental problem of manure application to land due to intensive livestock farming. In this study, we investigated relevant laws and regulations on livestock manure fertilizer, certifications of eco-friendly agricultural products, government policies on livestock manure management to establish reasonable direction of Korean LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) system. As a result from this study, the liquid fertilizers in 'LFQC' system could be classified as three levels according to the usage patterns in field; 1st. Individual Farm Level (IFL), 2nd. Joint Farm Level (JFL), and 3rd. Commercial Level (CML). And finally, we found some characteristics in 'Main Level-Grading Factors' of liquid fertilizer such as fertilizing value, harmfulness, stability, uniformity, economic effect, storage potential, commercial value, functionality. Those items were considered to be the key factors for the establishment of 'LFQC' system. More research on 'Evaluation Standards' for concrete guideline and on the 'Main Level-Grading Factors' be needed to complete Korean LFQC system.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.163-178
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of restaurant brand image upon service quality, price acceptability, and revisit intention, and to propose the importance of brand image to operators and managers who manage restaurants. To accomplish the purpose of this study, sampling was taken among customers who visit six deluxe hotels and six family restaurants in Seoul. Six hundreds questionnaires were distributed to each hotel and restaurant and 487 valid samples were selected for statistical analysis. The questionnaire consists of 77 items about demographical characteristics, brand image, service quality, revisit intention, price acceptability, and spending patterns. SPSS WIN 10.0 was used for statistical analysis. A research model was built up and three null hypotheses were established. Based on theses research model and three null hypotheses, the test was conducted, and the results are as follows. Brand image has an effect upon service quality, and furthermore this can be preceding variable of service quality. Also Service quality has an effect upon price acceptability and revisit intention.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.447-456
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• 2023

Even after 2000, oil prices rose enough to be comparable to the past, but the impact on economic variables was relatively stable. Therefore, this study tries to empirically examine that the response of the Korean economy to oil prices has changed since the 1998 financial crisis, when there was a structural change in the Korean economy. Through empirical analysis, it was tested that the influence of oil prices and producer prices on consumer prices had changed in the period before and after 1998, and that the influence of producer prices on the value-added ratio by industry sector also changed. This means that the transfer of the increase in production cost to consumer prices has been alleviated, and the impact on added value has also been alleviated. Various studies should be conducted to understand the causes of the empirical results, such as changes in the relationship between producer prices and consumer prices, factors in the industrial sector due to rising oil prices, and changes in products.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2010

e-Printing is a new manufacturing technology for electronic products and is based on traditional printing technology. The electronic products require a large area to facilitate printing and to be economical. A gravure printing system that supports a roll to roll (R2R) manufacturing process can be used to reduce the cost and to achieve the required accuracy. Many factors such as drying method, drying temperature, tension,-printing velocity, ink viscosity, ink conductivity, pattern accuracy, and dot geometry influence the performance of printed electronics. These factors are closely interrelated. The optimum condition for printing must be determined to enhance the performance of the printed electronics. In this study, lines and areas are printed using a gravure printer with conductive ink under different conditions of the above mentioned factors. The results are analyzed to investigate the influence of various factors on the performance of the printed electronics.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2015

As electricity is an indispensable input to human's existence and industrial production, economic benefits arise from consumption. The economic benefits of the electricity consumption are useful information in various fields of electricity-related policy. Therefore, this study attempts to value the economic benefits from electricity use. The economic benefit of electricity consumed is the area under the demand curve which made of the sum of the actual consumer expenditure and the consumer surplus. Consumer expenditure can be easily observed but the information on price elasticity of demand is necessarily required to compute consumer surplus. This study derives the estimates for price elasticities through literature review. The price elasticities of the electricity demand for residence, industry, and commercial are estimated to be -0.332, -0.351, and -0.263, respectively. Because the consumer surplus of the electricity consumption for residence, industry, and commercial are computed to be 191.54, 143.44, and 231.91 won per kWh, respectively. Given that average prices of electricity use were 127.02, 100.70, and 121.98 won per kWh for the year 2013, the economic benefit are calculated to be 318.56, 244.14, and 353.89 won per kWh, respectively. We can convert the values to 321.96, 246.75, and 357.67 won per kWh in 2014 constant price, respectively, using consumer price index. They can be used in the economic feasibility analysis of a new electricity supply project.

• 전기의세계
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.21-30
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• 1992

내연기관의 가솔린자동차보다 역사가 오래된 전기자동차는 상대적으로 주생성능과 가격 경쟁력의 열세로 그 자취를 감추었고 최근까지 주로 특수목적의 단거리 저속차량으로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 1890년대 후반부터 전세계가 자동차배기가스에 의한 대기오염과 지구온난화 현상등의 문제를 심각하게 공감하게 되었고 마침내 미국 캘리포니아주에서는 전가자동차의 강제판매를 규정화하게 이르렀다. 이 규정에 의하면 1998년도부터 차량 판매대수의 2%를 전기자동차 판매로 강제요구하고 있다. 이 비율은 2000녀도에 5% 2003년에는 10%로 늘어날 계획이다. 따라서 미국에 많은 자동차를 수출하고 있는 일본, 독일 및 여러 유럽국가에서는 이 사업에 막대한 자금을 투자하며 개발에 몰두하고 있다. 미국의 Big3도 에너지성의 도움으로 최근 USABC를 결성하여 전기자동차 개발에 박차를 가하고 있다. 지금까지 기존의 가솔린자동차 기술에 있어서 일본과 독일에 상대적 열세에 있었던 미국도 이번 캘리포니아주의 전기자동차 강제판매 규정에 따른 전기자동차 사업으로 미국자동차 시장의 새로운 판도를 조성하겠다는 의도인듯하다. 국내에서도 정부가 이 사업의 중요성을 심각히 인식하고 G7사업과제의 하나로 선정하여 산, 학, 연 각층의 전문가가 참여하여 성공적으로 개발을 마칠 수 있도록 적극 지원하고 있다. 지금까지의 평균주행성능을 보면 최고속도 100-120km/h, 일층전 최대주행거리 150-200km 정도이며, 아직 양산체제에 돌입하지 않았기 때문에 가격면에서 경쟁력이 없는 실정이다. 그러나 1990년도에 들면서 각종 요소부품들의 기술수준이 급성장을 이루어서 앞으로 10년정도 후면 성능과 가격면에서 가솔린자동차와 대등한 수준의 전기자동차 개발이 실현될 수 있으리라 예측된다.는 영향받지 않았다. Clonidine의 심박수 감소작용은 .뇌실내및 정맥내 diltiazem이나 nifedipine 처리후에 감약되었다. 5). 뇌실내 clonidine$(30{\mu}g)$ 처 리후 뇌실내 diltiazem$(400{\mu}g)$과 nifedipine$(350{\mu}g)$의 혈압하강및 심박수 감소효과는 영향 받지 않고 그대로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 diltiazem과 nifedipine은 가토뇌내에서 methoxamine에 의한 혈압상승의 작용점인 alrfia-1 adrenoceptor의 흥분에는 영향을 미치지 못하나 clonidine의 작용점인 alpha-2 adrenoceptor의 흥분에 의한 혈압하강및 심박수 감소효과는 억제한다고 추론하였다.thin 함량은 110.6 mg/L로서 산업적인 생산성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이번 연구를 통하여 개발된 변이주 B76 및 이의 대량 발효를 위한 최종조건의 정립은 향후 astaxanthin의 산업적 생산공정에 필요한 기초자료로 이용될 것으로 기대된다.색총말내에 소형의 도형, 소형의 장형 연접소포 및 DENSE CORE VESICLE의 3가지 연접소포를 가지고 있었고 출현빈도수는 촉각엽에서 가장 큰 33%이었다. 제5형 신경연접은 축색종말내에 중등도크기의 원형, 대형의 원형연접소포 및 DENSE CORE VESICLE을 포함하였고 13%의 출현빈도수로 관찰되었다. 배추횐나비의 촉각에 있는 지각신경세포가 뇌의 촉각엽으로 뻗어 들어가 위의 5가지 신경연접중 어느 형을 형성하는지를 관찰하기 위하여 좌측 촉각의 기부를 제거하여 지각신경세포를 절단하였는데 그 결과, 좌측 촉각엽에서 제4형의 신경연접이 퇴행성 변화를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.3
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• pp.365-371
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• 2013

Pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) is one of the most profitable forest products in Korea. We postulated a hypothesis that a high rate of returns to labor input could make the harvest of pine mushroom off the optimum level. In the view of developing a sustainable production strategy for pine mushroom producers, production of pine mushroom collectors and pine mushroom growth function were estimated using maximum entropy method. Annual pine mushroom production and labor input were the data used in the estimation of production function of pine mushroom collectors and pine mushroom growth function. The level of sustainable maximum production derived from the estimated function. The production function estimated shows that production of pine mushroom is affected more by the resource of pine mushroom stocked in the forests than by labor that households put in forestry business. The production function of mushroom collectors and the estimated growth function indicate that pine mushroom harvests for the period of 2005-2011 did not reach the potential level of maximum sustainable production. Therefore, we suggest that pine mushroom harvest should be controlled until the resource stock of pine mushroom in the forests increases to the level of maximum sustainable production.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.132-142
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• 2018

This study attempts to identify the external and internal factors which affect collaboration motives and investigates their respective impacts from the perspective of foreign direct investment(FDI). Although there has been much research on collaboration motives, so far, few studies have associated collaboration motives with FDI. The findings suggest that while price competitiveness and cost structure uncertainty have a positive and significant impact on collaboration motives, the gross added value to property as well as plant and equipment have a significant negative impact. Furthermore, in the case of gross added value to both property and plant and equipment, managers tend to collaborate with others to enhance the value of these factors. For both FDI and non-FDI firms, internal factors such as price competitiveness and investment within three years are significant determinants for the decision to collaborate. The difference between FDI and non-FDI firms is that for the former, the gross added value to property, an internal factor, is a critical factor, while for the latter, the cost structure uncertainty, an external factor, is critical for collaboration. To summarize, this study suggests the following managerial implication: the enhancement of the internal competency of a firm broadens the window of opportunity for collaboration with others, and consequently provides a chance to boost management efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.6047-6052
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• 2013

A cosmetic manufacturing process requires a mold that is inevitable for mass production. Cosmetic containers are one of major factors affecting the customer's purchase decision. In addition, the manufacturing cost in cosmetic container comprises a large portion of the entire product cost. Therefore, a mold satisfying the economical feasibility, aesthetics and functionality is necessary. Among the cosmetic containers, square shape containers have a tendency of having a short shot defect product. The square shaped cosmetic containers are mostly produced as a side gate shape on the two-plate molds. On the other hand, there are two disadvantages, such as gate trace and post processing requirement. The overlap-gateproposed in this study has the characteristics of intaglio gate cutting and no need for post processing. The delivery system of the overlap gate was simulated and compared with the side gate via Moldflow. The improvement in flow, frozen rate, density, and Air trap was confirmed. Based on the simulation results, the mold and performed injection molding was fabricated. In this study, the possibility of the mass production of high aesthetic and functionality cosmetic containers was verified.