• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.325-331
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• 2009

Three beneficial bacterial agents, Lactobacillus strain KLF01, Lactococcus strain KLC02 and Paenibacillus strain KPB3 were showed clear zone against plated Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) soft rot pathogen. In greenhouse test, bio-control efficacy was more significantly effective in the treatments by KLC02 and KPB3 as 64%, 50%, 56% and 66%, 57%, 58% according to date of evaluation, respectively. In case of KLF01 control effect was relatively lower than treatments of KLC02 and KPB3 but its efficacy was still significantly observed when compared to control (only water treatment). Furthermore, KLF01, KLC02 and KPB3 showed 55%, 60% and 62% bio-control efficacy, respectively in field test from early March to late July of 2009. Thus, we suggest that these strains can be useful as bio-control agents against soft rot caused by Pcc.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.138-153
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• 2015

For preventing the biological damage domestically, insect damage control method using chemical medicine has been applied. However, it is trend to avoid existing chemical medicine such as Methyl bromide because of the problem of being harmful to human body and environment. Therefore, the research for new medicine to replace this has been done and the interest to the physical treatment such as temperature(high & low) treatment, hypoxic treatment, carbon dioxide treatment, and radiation treatment has increased. However the systematic application standard and way has not been established. Therefore, in this research, we are going to organize present condition of domestic cultural asset preventing biological damage after the 1980's. It will also consider the direction through the characteristic of technology, limit, and replacement medicine by examining the past research.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.455-462
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• 2023

Southern root-knot nematode (SRKN, Meloidogyne incognita) is known to be responsible for annual economic losses of 38.2 million USD in cucumber cultivation in Korea. Nematicides are frequently used to manage SRKN in plastic greenhouses. A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of a soil fumigant (dimethyl disulfide, DMDS) and a non-fumigant (fluopyram, FL) against SRKN during the winter fallow season in a greenhouse from October to December. Nematicidal efficacy was assessed at 43 days after treatment, and the root gall index was measured 4 months after transplanting cucumber seedlings. DMDS effectively reduced second-stage SRKN juvenile density with 91% control efficacy, while FL showed no control efficacy against SRKN. Root gall index values were significantly different(p=0.020) in DMDS treatment and controls at 1.0±0.00 and 4.3±0.58, respectively. This study showed that DMDS could be considered an effective nematicide for controlling SRKN in the fallow period in winter.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.122-130
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• 2013

The object of this study is to review the current states of the characteristics and strategies to control annual bluegrass to apply information to the circumstance of South Korea. Annual bluegrass is one of the most widespread turfgrass species which has great ability to produce seedhead and shoot growth. It also has ability to tolerate low mowing height and to form uniformity of turfgrass when it is established. Annual bluegrass is well-known as weak turfgrass for high and low temperature. High rate of nitrogen and phosphorus improves growth of annual bluegrass. To control annual bluegrass, deep and infrequent irrigation is more effective than light and frequent irrigation. Clipping removal is more effective than clipping return to control annual bluegrass. Prodiamine, bensulide, and dithiopyr are applied as pre-emergence herbicide, and ethofumesate and bisbyribac-sodium are used as post-emergence herbicide. Paclobutrazol and flurprimidol are used as plant growth regulator. Trinexapac which is one of the most popular plant growth regulators (PGRs) in South Korea is not proper to control annual bluegrass because it accelerates improve growth of annual bluegrass in summer. Although chemical control is mainly used in South Korea, combination of cultural and chemical control may be the strategy to maximize effectiveness to control annual bluegrass.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.649-660
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• 2018

To control the pepper anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum, antifungal bacterium strains which was selected among bacterium from natural soil, was tested the antimicrobial activity against various pathogens and its control efficacy on anthracnose disease in the fields. We confirmed that antagonistic activity of CAB13001 strain to pathogens such as Sclerotinia cepivorum, Sclerotinia sclerotium and Botrytis cinerea including Colletotrichum acutatum was remarkable superior with the dual culture method in the artificial medium. In vitro bioassay using the green pepper fruit, CAB13001 strain suppressed the lesion development of Anthracnose disease, and its control value compared to the untreated one was 82.4% on pepper fruit in field test. These results suggested that CAB13001 strain could be a very useful biological control agents to anthracnose disease caused by air born plant pathogens of pepper. By the way, analysis of nucleotide sequence of the gene 16S rDNA, antagonistic bacterium CAB13001 strain used in this study was identified as Burkholderia lata.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2016

Earthworm cast is a harmful factor which reduces the uniformity of management of turfgrass and play quality in golf courses and playground. This research was conducted to carry out the efficacy of some pesticide (bifenthrin GR + clothianidin GR, ethoprophos GR, imidacloprid SC, picoxystrobin WG, thiophanate-methyl WP) and tee tree (Camellia oliefera) extracts against reducing earthworm cast in golf courses. All tested materials were acted reducing earthworm cast, thiophanate-methyl among them showed the highest effect reducing earthworm casts in golf courses. Tea tree extracts was occurred similar efficacy among tested chemical pesticides. However, pellet type byproduct of tea seed extract and liquid formulation of tea tree extract were better than granule formulation of them. Byproduct of tea seed and tea tree extract can be used for alternative biological management material for reducing earthworm cast in heavily casting occurrence area.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2007

The study was carried out to establish buffer zone for the protection of the non-target organisms by aerial pesticide application. The two pesticide combination of 3-way tank-mixing of three pesticides for aerial application, ferimzone tricyclazole SC + BPMC EC + validamycin-A SL and hexaconzole EC + isoprothiolane EC+phenthoate EC were selected for the simultaneous control of key pests on paddy rice as blast, sheath blight, brown planthopper and moth. Aquatic organisms including killifish and loach in the paddy field and nearby water reservoirs were not affected by aerial application of the pesticides. However, all the water flea were killed, when they were exposed 10 m from the aerially sprayed site, while the water flea exposed in 30 m away from the site were not affected. Honeybees within 50 m in the wind direction and 20 m in the opposite wind direction showed a mortality of $7{\sim}100%$. Residues concentration of the pesticides in paddy water were not detectable level after six days from aerial application. Drifting distance of aerially sprayed droplet from the target area was within 30 m in the wind direction and 20 m in the opposite direction. Consequently, it was the buffer zones in the aerial pesticides application for the protection of the non-target organisms should be at least 50 m for aquatic organisms and 100 m for honeybees.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.193-205
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• 2023

Botanical insecticides derived from plant extracts exhibit repellent, antifeedant and enzyme-inhibiting activities against insect pests. Among such pests, phytophagous mites are major threats to horticultural crops. Botanical extracts derived from neem, chrysanthemum, and shrubby sophora are employed as field acaricides. These botanical extracts have low toxicities against natural enemies of the insect pests and, thus, are valuable in pest management. This review focuses on the potential for botanical extracts in the controls of mites, with comparisons of the spectrum of activity, the lethal dose and times and their mode of action. This information will enable better formulation of botanical extracts in integrated mite control.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.272-279
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• 1994

In order to compare the biological properties of benfuresate and cinosulfuron as herbicides for the chemical control of Eleocharis kuroguwai, some experiments were conducted at greenhouse and field conditions in 1993. Benfuresate and cinosufuron moved to 2cm and 6cm deep in paddy soil and inhibited the growth of E. kuroguwai. Benfuresate was absorbed into the roots of E. kuroguwai. whereas cinosulfuron was absorbed into not only the roots and shoots but also the mesocotyls. After the emergence was inhibited by the soil application of herbicides, the percentage of regrowing numbers was higher at cinosulfuron than at benfuresate, whereas the growth rate was higher at benfuresate on the contrary. Benfuresate brought about complete death of buds as a killing type, but cinosulfuron produced lots of abnormal shoots as an inhibiting type. Benfuresate was able to apply on soil surface from the preemergence to the early stage of 2cm high, but cinosulfuron was able to use from the preemergence to the stage of 15cm high. The foliar application of cinosulfuron showed a good control effect, but it induced a severe phytotoxicity to rice. A good control effect of Benfuresate/bensulfuron GR lowered at the late stage, but that of cinosulfuron/mefenacet/dymron GR at the early stage maintained until the late stage of 65 days after transplanting.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.33-39
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• 2001

An isolate of the indigenous fungus Pythium myriotylum was isolated from Monochoria vaginalis in Yusung, Korea in year 2000 and evaluated potential as a biocontrol agent in laboratory and greenhouse. P. myriotylum MD2 grew in a wide range of temperature regimes and the optimal growth temperature was $35^{\circ}C$. The fungus was highly pathogenic to Monochoria vaginalis at 30 to $35^{\circ}C$. Several weeds such as Rotala, indica, Lindernia procumbens, Ludwigia prostrata, Cyperus difformis, Scirpus juncoides, Aneilema keisak were also susceptible to the fungus, but Echinochloa crus-galli was not. The fungus affected the growth of rice seed germinated, but not to rice seedlings of 1- to 3-leaf stage. A total of 12 rice cultivars (3- to 4-leaf stage) tested showed no disease symptoms when inoculated with the fungus. Eleven crops, including Chinese cabbage, corn, soybean except wheat were immune to the infection of the fungi. These data suggest that P. myriotylum MD2 has a potential as a mycoherbicide to control weeds in paddy fields.