• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2010

One interesting parasitic forming fungus, being grown on the eggs of Phallus impudicus was collected from Mulchajoreum and on woods of Saryeoni in Jeju island. This taxon identified as a Podostroma solmsii (E. Fisch.) S. Imai f. octospora Yoshim. Doi (Hyporeaceae) based on morphological characteristics. According to the interpretation of Doi(1978), this taxon hsving the stipitate, genus Podostroma, family Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota was identified as Podostroma solmsi f. octospora and its korean common name designated by authors. This species is characterized in having the fusiforme to ellipsoidal, unicellular and warted ascospores without septate and with blunt apiculus at each end and mycoparasitic habitat. Although there is some mycologists suggest that this taxon having above characters needs to be derived from Hypomyces. But authors are primarily going to record this species as a named "Podostroma solmsii (E. Fisch.) S. Imai f. octospora Yoshim. Doi" for the fungus flora of Korea. In a future, it is need in detail to compare their DNA sequencing data on the type species and some related species. All collections cited here are deposited in the Herbarium Conservation Center of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.6 s.251
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• pp.415-420
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• 2005

Recently the cases of varicose veins are increasing because the patients with latent disease have come to realize that they want a positive treatment. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to compare and analyze two methods the conventional phlebectomy (CP) and transiliuminated powered phlebectomy (TIPP). Material and Method: From March 200f to December 2004, 114 patients (167 legs) with varicose vein were operated in Pusan National University Hospital. A retrospective review was performed on the clinical records. We analyzed age, sex, duration of illness, chief complaints, duplex doppler findings, number of skin incisions, operative time, length of hospitalization, complications, and remnant lesions. Result: Operative time was significantly shorter in the TIPP group than CP group (for one leg $108.4\pm27.6\;min\;vs\;83_4\pm24.4\;min,\;for\;both\;legs\;184.7\pm28.4\;min\;vs\; 137.8\pm24.4\;min)$. There was signifcant statistical difference in average number of skin incisions per leg between the CP group and the TIPP group $(5.9\pm2.2\;vs\;4.2\pm1.6)$. Mean duration of hospitalization was Significantly shorter in the TIPP group than CP group $(4.4\pm1.0\;days\;vs\;5.8\pm1.9\;days)$. Complications were pain $(15.9\%)$, remnant lesion $(9.5\%)$, and ecchymosis $(4.8\%)$ in the CP group and ecchymosis $(19.6\%),\;pain\;(7.8\%),\;and\;remnant\;lesion\;(7.8\%)$ in TIPP group. Sclerotherapy or reopertaion was done for the patients who had remnant lesions. Conclusion: Transilluminated powered phlebectomy in varicose vein could reduce operative time and number of skin incisions, and almost completely removed the multiple lesions. Although there were postoperative complications such as ecclymosis, they were absorbed within 2 months and patients were satisfied. Therefore, TIPP is a more effective operative technique than conventional phlebectomy in varicose veins.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.4 s.261
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• pp.298-303
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• 2006

Background: This study was performed to investigate the outcomes of vascular operations that were done in patients with atheroscerosis obliterans (ASO) of lower limb. Material and Method: Forty patients underwent vascular operations from December 1996 to June 2004. The patient's records were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age was $66{\pm}8$ years (range, $47{\sim}81$ years). Gender ratio was 37:3 (male:female). Result: The operations were done on 50 lower limbs of 40 patients. The names of operations were femoropopliteal bypass in 12 patients (30%), femorofemoral bypass in 12 (30%), femorofemoral bypass and femoropopliteal bypass in five (12.5%), aorta-lower limb artery bypass in five (12.5%), axillofemoral bypass in two (5%), iliopopliteal bypass in two (5%), and endarterectomy in two (5%). All bypass surgeries were done with prosthetic conduits. Mean follow up period was $33.2{\pm}23.2$ months (range, $3.8{\sim}90.2$ months). The cumulative patency rates of 1 and 5 years were 75.5 and 58.7% respectively. In six patients, amputation of the lower limb was done. In eight patients, 12 complications occurred. After the first operation, 10 patients underwent reoperations. Conclusion: Our lower limb arterial bypass surgery revealed acceptable patency rate, but not a few patients required reoperations. An epochal treatment modality that can inhibit the progress of ASO and improve long term patency should be established.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1248-1256
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• 1996

From June 1987 to December 1994, 372 patients underwent operation for resection of esophageal cancer, and 48 patients with metastasis to distant abdominal lymph nodes were analyzed.. The primary tumors were located predominantly in lower thoracic esophagus(n=29). The location of involved lymph nodes were celiac L/N(n=45), common hepatic L/N(n=4), paraaortic L/N(n=l), and retropancreatic L/N(n=l). Most tumors penetrated the esophageal wall(T3,T4, n=43), metastased to regional L/N(N1, n=41), but a few tumors were limited to the esophageal wall(T1,T2, n=5), metastased to distant abdominal L/N without metastasis to regional L/N(NO, n=7). Resectability rate was 87.5%(42/48), and complete resection was possible in 31 patients(64.6%). The most frequent cause of incomplete resection and unresectability was unresectable T4 lesions(n=8), extranodal invasion(n=7). Overall operative mortality and morbidity was 4.2%, 22.9%, and resection mortality was 4.8%. Adjuvant therapy was given to 27 patients, and postoperative follow-up was possible in all patients(median follow-up, 32 months). The 1 year and 3 year survival for resection group was 54.0%, 18.1%(median, 386 days) including operative deaths. Our results suggest that resection of the esophageal cancer with metastasis to distant abdominal lymph nodes(M1LYN) can be done with acceptable mortality and morbidity, and may playa role in long-term survival in carefully selected patients because prognosis is dismal in unresectable esophageal cancer. We recommend that lymph nodes around celiac axis be dissected thoroughly for exact staging and possible prolongation of survival, and multimodality therapy as necessary because most patients with M1(LYN) esophageal cancer do poorly with only primay surgical treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.744-748
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• 2009

Background: This study was designed to determine etiologic factors for iatrogenic pneumothorax in an era of in-creased use of invasive procedures and to evaluate its impact on morbidity. Material and Method: Subjects were 112 patients (65 men and 47 women ranging in age from 20 to 90 years) who were diagnosed with an iatrogenic pneumothorax between January 2005 and December 2008. We reviewed medical records retrospectively. Result: The leading causes of iatrogenic pneumothorax were percutaneous needle aspiration (50), central venous catheterization (29), acupuncture (14), thoracentesis (8) and positive pressure ventilation (7). The majority of the patients (60 of 114) were treated with chest tubes. The mean duration of hospital treatment was 5.8 $({\pm}4.0)$ days. Hospitalization was prolonged in 24 patients (21.1%). No patient died from iatrogenic pneumothorax. Conclusion: In our study, the most common cause of Iatrogenic pneumothorax was percutaneous needle aspiration. The mortality and morbidity from iatrogenic pneumothorax is not significant. The recognition of pneumothorax, depends on careful examination after completion of an invasive procedure, and should be followed by prompt and definitive therapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.617-623
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• 2007

Background: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, a frequent fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, is known to have a poor prognosis despite the use of antifungal therapy in leukemic patients. We studied the outcome of surgical resection of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis where bleeding tendency, localized recurrence of infection, and incidence could be reduced. Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed 14 patients with a hematological malignancy where invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed during the 10 years between 1998 and 2007. From the medical records, we reviewed the type and treatment of the hematological malignancy, including the diagnostic methods of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, the preoperative hematological conditions and their management, and the surgical methods and records. We also analyzed the development of postoperative complications and patient mortality, the recurrence of postoperative invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and if the patients had a bone marrow transplant. Result: Fourteen patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a hematological malignancy underwent a pulmonary lobectomy. One patient had a complication of bronchopleural fistula, but there were no other serious complications such as bleeding or wound infection, and none of the patients died postoperatively. Conclusion: We have shown that pulmonary lobectomy is a safe and effective therapy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies that allow further treatment of the hematological malignancy.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.177-184
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• 1994

Nine rabbits were fed with Clonorchis sinenis metacercariae (MC) and the blood samples chronologically obtained were analyzed biochemically. Rabbits Infected by less than 100 flukes were grouped into Group I, and by 100-250 flukes into Group II. The serum level of alanine amlnotransferase (ALT) was increased from 3 weeks after the Infection of the metacercariae (AIM) and showed a peak at 8 weeks, and decreased from 12 weeks ASM. The serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was raised to $92.3{\;}{\pm}{\;}65.4{\;}U/L$ at 3 weeks AIM and stayed high until 8 weeks, then lowered thereafter. The serum level of ${\gamma}-glutamyl$ transpeptidase (${\gamma}-GT$) was increased rapidly to the highest value ($18.9{\;}{\pm}{\;}14.6{\;}U/L$) at 16 weeks ASM, and decreased to the control level after 20 weeks. The serum level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was headed down from the early infection to 52 weeks AIM. The serum cholesterol level was increased from 8 weeks and reached at a peak 16 weeks AIM, and decreased thereafter to the control level. It is suggested that serum ALT, AST, ALP and ${\gamma}-GT$ tests be useful to diagnose the early infEction of C. sinensis.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 1999

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical manifestations and prognosis of the syndromic and nonsyndromic intrahepatic bile duct paucity (IHBDP). Methods: We studied histology of 42 infants with neonatal cholestasis. Fourteen patients were diagnosed as IHBDP. We evaluated the clinical manifestations, courses and prognosis retrospectively. Results: Underlying disease of the 42 infants with neonatal cholestasis were biliary atresia in 23, intrahepatic bile duct paucity in 14 (Alagille syndrome in 4 and nonsyndromic IHBDP in 10), neonatal hepatitis in 5 infants. The mean ratio of the bile ducts per portal tract was 0.087 (range: 0~0.5). The manifestations in 4 patients with Alagille syndrome demonstrated as follows: characteristic face in 3, chronic cholestasis in 4, posterior embryotoxon in 2, vertebral anomalies in 2, peripheral pulmonary stenosis in 2. One of 4 patients of Alagille syndrome improved cholestasis and the other 3 patients were remained their cholestasis and growth retardation. All patients of the nonsyndromic IHBDP were idiopathic. Seven out of 8 patients of nonsyndromic IHBDP showed improvement of cholestasis, and one patient received liver transplantation due to cirrhosis. Conclusion: This study suggested that IHBDP should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis. The outcome of idiopathic IHBDP was better than predicted.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2017

Purpose: The inappropriate prescription of antibiotics in children with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is common. This study evaluated the factors that influence antibiotics use in hospitalized children with viral URTI confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) assay. Methods: The medical records of admitted patients who performed RT-PCR assay for respiratory virus pathogens from January 2013 to November 2014 were examined. The demographic and clinical features were compared between patients who were administered antibiotics at admission and those who were not. We also investigated differences between children who continued antibiotics and those who stopped antibiotics after a viral pathogen was identified. Results: In the total 393 inpatients, the median age was 23 months (interquartile range, 13 to 41.3 months). Antimicrobial agents were prescribed in 79 patients (20.1%) at admission. Patients with acute otitis media (AOM) had higher rates of antibiotics prescription than those without AOM (48.1% vs. 2.2%, P<0.001), with an adjusted odds ratio of 91.1 (95% confidence interval, 30.5 to 271.7). Level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and the proportion of acute rhinosinusitis were also significantly associated with antibiotics use (P<0.001). Among the 44 patients with viruses identified using the RT-PCR method during hospitalization, antibiotic use was continued in 28 patients (63.6%). AOM was statistically associated with continued antibiotic use in the patients (P=0.002). Conclusions: Although the respiratory virus responsible for URTI etiology is identified, clinicians might not discontinue antibiotics if AOM is accompanying. Therefore, careful diagnosis and management of AOM could be a strategy to reduce unjustified antibiotic prescriptions for children with URTI.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2003

Purpose : This study was conducted to develop primary assessment tools to evaluate the relationship between symptom prevalence and symptom distress in cancer patients of Korea. Methods : A total of 196 patients diagnosed with cancer admitted in 5 general hospitals from January, 6 to January, 20 in 2003, were entered into the study. These patients were asked to complete the MSAS (Memorial symptom assessment scale). We classified these answers into prevalence and distress and then scored them according to grade and frequency. Results : The five most prevalent symptoms were lack of energy (82.1%), dry mouth (73.5%), pain (73.5%), itching (72.4%), and feeling drowsy (68.9%). Among 24 common prevalent symptoms, the ten most distress the symptoms were dry mouth (2.11), itching (2.07), pain (2.03), lack of energy (1.98), difficulty sleeping (1.96), worrying (1.94), "I don't look like myself" (1.91), constipation (1.88), and difficulty concentration (1.76). Conclusion : These 10 symptoms had high prevalence and distress in cancer patients of Korea. We suggest these symptoms to be applied in developing the primary assessment tool in cancer patients.