• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.569-572
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• 1996

A sixty nine-year-old mate patient was admitted with a chief complaint of exertional dyspnea. Lung perfusion scan revealed total perfusion defect of the of left lung and CT anglography showed the ab- rupt cutoff left pulmonary artery. He denied of trauma history, previous lower leg symptom and sign, or any embolic history. With the impression of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism of unknown etiology, operation was done under the cardiopulmonary bypass through a median sternotomy. After main pulmonary artery clamping and pulmonary arteriotomy, thromboembolectomy was done. Postoperative lung perfusion scan and CT angiography showed near normal left pulmonary blood flow. The patient was discharged on the postoperative 9th day without any postoperative complication.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.858-861
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• 2003

The main cause of ischemic heart disease combined with aortic valve disease is the systemic atherosclerotic process. Coronary artery embolism by a particle from the calcified aortic valvular tissue is very rare. A 73-year-old female patient was admitted due to chest tightness of recent onset. Two dimensional echocardiogram showed severe calcific aortic valve stenosis. Preoperative coronary angiogram exhibited a stenotic lesion at the distal right coronary artery, which seemed to be embolic in origin. The coronary embolus was removed through the coronary arteriotomy and then the arteriotomy site was repaired by onlay patch angioplasty technique. Aortic valve was replaced by a bioprosthetic valve. The embolus was reported as a fibrocalcified particle of diseased valve.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.4
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• pp.852-862
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• 2020

Interventional radiology (IR) embolization requires image guidance to steer catheters to the site of bleeding, where embolic agents such as Gelfoam or coils are administered to stem blood flow. In addition to treating iatrogenic trauma, embolization is suitable for injuries precluding surgery such as blush-bleeding of the liver or kidney and for locating and treating intimal blood vessel tears. However, during hospital off-hours (such as nights and holidays), experienced IR personnel are not always available. In such situations, there is a dire need to build a coordinated IR team to treat seriously injured patients rapidly and reliably. This article reviews the current principles and techniques used in IR such as virtual fluoroscopy and their usefulness, and makes a convincing case for emergency IR.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 1999

Background : Massive and untreated hemoptysis is associated with a mortality of greater than 50 percent. Since the bleeding is from a bronchial arterial source in the vast majority of patients, embolization of the bronchial arteries(BAE) has become an accepted treatment in the management of massive hemoptysis because it achieves immediate control of bleeding in 75 to 90 percent of the patients. Methods: Between 1990 and 1996, we treated 146 patients with hemoptysis by bronchial artery embolization. Catheters(4, 5, or 7F) and gelfoam, ivalon, and/or microcoil were used for embolization. Results: Pulmonary tuberculosis and related disorders were the most common underlying disease of hemoptysis(72.6%). Immediate success rate to control bleeding within 24hours was 95%, and recurrence rate was 24.7%. The recurrence rate occured within 6 months after embolization was 63.9%. Initial angiographic findings such as bilaterality, systemic-pulmonary artery shunt, neovascularity, aneurysm were not statistically correlated with rebleeding tendency(P>0.05). Among Initial radiographic findings, only pleural lesions were significantly correlated with rebleeding tendency(P<0.05). At additional bronchial artery angiograpy done due to rebleeding, recanalization of previous embolized arteries were 63.9%, and the presence of new feeding arteries were 16.7%, and 19.4% of patients with rebleeding showed both The complications such as fever, chest pain, headache, nausea and vomiting, arrhythmia, paralylytic ileus, transient sensory loss (lower extremities), hypotension, urination difficulty were noticed at 40 patients(27.4%). Conclusion: We conclude that bronchial artery embolization is relatively safe method achieving immediate control of massive hemoptysis. At initial angiographic findings, we could not find any predictive factors for subsequent rebleeding. It may warrant further study whether patients with pleural disease have definetely increased rebleeding tendency.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.57-60
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• 2008

A fifty-seven year old female patient visited the emergency department with tachypnea and a decreased mental status. The patient had been receiving fluid therapy at home and a bolus of air was injected into the fluid bottle in order to increase the infusion speed. Chest computed tomography revealed air in the left brachiocephalic vein that was accompanied with pulmonary edema the diagnosis of venous air embolism was made. Venous air embolism can result from various procedures that are performed in almost all clinical specialties and they can be fatal in cases of massive air embolism. Therefore, it is important for all clinicians to be aware of this problem.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2016

Lemierre syndrome is a rare disease involving multiple organs affected by septic emboli following oropharyngeal infection. After the introduction of penicillin in the 1940s, it became a "forgotten" disease. However, due to the development of diagnostic image modalities including neck computed tomography (CT) scan, the number of published reports of Lemierre syndrome and diagnosis has been increasing since the 1990s. In this report, we describe a case of Lemierre syndrome, following oropharyngeal infection in a 16-year-old patient, who manifested with persistent fever and neck stiffness. Neck ultrasonography confirmed thrombus formation in the right internal jugular vein without definite evidence of septic emboli to other organs. After the three-week-long antibiotics therapy was completed, the thrombus in the right internal jugular vein finally disappeared.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2008

Multiple primary malignant neoplasm of the combination of the musculoskeletal system and the gastrointestinal system were very rare. A case of synchronous double primary malignant neoplasm consisted of myxofibrosarcoma of forearm and adenocarcinoma of rectum in a 52 year-old man was found. The patient had pain and swelling on forearm for 1 year. Histologically, the lesion on forearm showed myxofibrosarcoma. In systemic evaluation, the adenocarcinoma of rectum was found by the sigmoidoscopy, and metastasis on lung and intracardiac mass were found by the CT scan. We performed surgical excision and pre and postoperative chemotherapy after pathologic confirmation. He died of pulmonary thromboembolism after postoperative 2 months. We report this case of exceedingly rare combination of the musculoskeletal system and the gastrointestinal system.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.867-870
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• 2007

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined as venous and/or arterial thromboses, recurrent fetal losses, thrombocytopenia in combination with repeatedly positive tests for the lupus anticoagulant (LAC), and anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL). The pulmonary manifestation is APS are relatively rare. We report a rare case of antiphopholipid syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient who presented with pulmonary hypertension secondary to a chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. A bilateral thromboendarterectomy was performed satisfactorily and the incision was extended to the left intrapleural pulmonary artery.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.243-251
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• 2004

This study was to quantitative analysis compare to dynamic characteristic change of the regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) after development of cerebral fat embolism in cats using perfusion MR Imaging. Forty-four adult rats were used. Triolein (n = 15), oleic acid (n = 9) and linoleic acid (n = 11) were injected into the internal carotid artery using microcatheter through the transfemoral approach. Polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon) (n = 9) was injected as a control group. Perfusion MR images were obtained at 30 minutes and 2 hours after embolization, based on T2 and diffusion-weighted images. The data was time-to-signal intensity curve and ΔR$_2$＊ curve were obtained continuously with the aid of home-maid image proc in.leased significantly at 2 hours compared with those of 30 minutes (P＜0.005). In conclusion, cerebral blood flow decreased in cerebral fat embolism immediately after embolization and recovered remarkably in time course. It is thought that clinically informations to dynamic characteristic change of the cerebral hemodynamics to the early finding in cerebral infarction by DWI and PWI

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2009

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a rare pulmonary vascular anomaly due to an abnormal communication between the pulmonary artery and vein. The most common presenting symptom is a dyspnea on exertion related to this right-to-left shunt. If left untreated, PAVM has been known to result in serious complications. Incomplete pulmonary capillary network can be the cause of cerebral abscesses and other noninfectious neurological complications, such as stroke and transient ischemic attacks due to paradoxic embolism Transcatheter embolotherapy, using coils or balloons, has replaced surgical resection as the treatment of choice for PAVM. However, the risk of device embolization has limited the use of coil embolotherapy, while the size of PAVM is huge. Recently, Amplatzer$^{(R)}$ Vascular Plug has been proposed as an alternative endovascular occlusion device for arteriovenous malformation. We report a case of 81-year-old male patient with a giant PAVM, which was successfully treated by transcatheter embolotherapy using the Amplatzer$^{(R)}$ Vascular Plug.