The purpose of this study was to classify and analyze the body type of obese boys who are school year for 9 to 11 years. A total of 49 body measurements were collected for this study including both direct and indirect measurements (33 variables from the direct anthropometric data, 16 variables from the indirect anthropometric data). Data from anthropometric measurement were analyzed using descriptive, factor and cluster analysis. The obese boys investigated in this project were in the category of average height 146.31 cm, weight 52.17 kg. The values for the study were compared to values from the National Anthropometric Survey of Korea. As the result of factor analysis for the classification of body type, 6 factors were extracted from all items. The first was transverse size of upper body, also, the second was its longitudinal size. The third was thicknesses of front and back at side views. The fourth was shoulder shape. The fifth was upper body angle factor. The sixth was upper body length. The body form was classified with cluster analysis, using factor score. The shape of the body was classified in 3 types.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
/
v.19
no.6
/
pp.1027-1039
/
1995
Clothing fitness is strongly required in the apparel industry, and draping is an effective tool to increase fitness to the wearers. A more sophisticated and systematic information of the somatotype, accordingly, is necessary for better cress form design. This study was performed to provide fundamental data on middle aged women's upper torso for dress form designers and pattern makers by classifying the somatotype based on each individual's lateral view, and analyzing the characteristics of their somatotype. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, analysis of variance. Factor analysis was used to 23 items from photometric measurment and cluster analysis was applied for classification of upper torso forms. Through cluster analysis using 5 factor scores, 3 somatotypes were categorized from th lateral view 1) Type I was straight somatotype in which the plumb line passes throught the lobe of the ear, the shoulder joing and the mid abdominal region laterally. This type of woman was slender and shorter than average. 2) Type II was bending somatotype in which the upper portion of upper torso is bent forward. This type of woman was taller and fatter than average. 3) Type III was swayback somatotype in which the upper portion of protruding point on the back is bent forward but the lower portion of protruding point had characteristic of turning over somatotype. This type of woman had storter length on the front and longer lenght on the back, slender type and flat chest.
The purposes of this study were to classify somatotype was obtained from the factor scores of the upper half of body and analyze the somatometric characteristics. The sample group was drawn from boys at the ages 9 to 10 living in Pusan and Kyungsangnam-do. Data from each boy comprised 36 anthropometric measurements and 7 photographic measurements. The study reached following conclusions. 1. According to the analysis to draw somatometric factors, seven indicative factors were obtained from measurements of the upper half of body. The most significant factor "sectional size" and the second most significant factor "longitudinal size" characterized most aspects of body shape. 2. According to the analysis of somatometric characteristics by the upper half of body, they were categorized into four types; Boys in type 1 had high stature, broadest shoulders, average frame, flattest chest and quite protruded shoulder blades and belly; boys in type 2 had shortest stature, smallest frame, most sloping shoulders and flattest shoulder blades and belly; boys in type 3 had quite corpulent with average stature, rising shoulders, most protruded chest and shoulder blades and belly of protrusion close to the average; boys in type 4 had highest stature, biggest frame, broad shoulders and back, and most protruded shoulder blades and belly.
This study is done to classify the upper body shapes for late elementary schoolgirls. The sampling was done for 11~12 years-old-girls resident in Busan and Kyungnam. Based on the somatometric charateristics of them, 33 anthropometic and 7 photogrphic measurment data were acquired from every girl. These data are statistically analyzed with the following methods; Factor Analysis, Cluster Analysis, and Discriminant Analysis. Resulting from the factor analysis, it is shown that 79.95% of the whole variances can be explained with 8 factors. Through the cluster analysis, 3 types of upper body shapes can be categorized as follows: Type I has average horizontal size, big vertical size and lots of protruded chest ; Type III has big horizontal size, the mean vertical size, and big upper angle of the back ; Type II has small horizontal and vertical size and long surface length of the upper body. Through the discriminant analysis, the high discriminative items in discriminant function are follows: Upper chest circumference, arm length and waist front length of discriminant function I and waist depth, front length, back breadth, nipple to nipple breadth and upper chest circumference of discriminant function II have large coefficient values.
Fitness of clothes becomes a major concern in apparel industry. But male sports athletes had difficulties to buy ready-made clothes of good fit. Because ready-made clothes manufactured in companies are produced accordingly to the general person's body types. To solve this problem, it is necessary to classify athletes' upper body into several kinds of somatotypes. The purpose of this study was to classify upper body types of male sports athletes based on the analysis of their upper body types and to provide fundamental data on the development of ready-to-wear clothing appropriate for the upper body types. The subjects for anthropometric measurement were 189 male sports athletes of 20 to 29 year-old. The result of factor analysis indicated that 6 factors were extracted from anthropometric measurements through analysis and those factors comprise 73.807% of total variance. 3 clusters were categorized using 6 factor scores by cluster analysis. Type 1 was taller than other types, had average size in circumference, width and thickness and was bending somatotype. Type 2 exhibits a large circumference in the upper body and straight somatotype. Type 3 was characterized by short, exhibits a large circumference in waist, abdomen and hip and swayback somatotype.
This study is intended to find changing of upper body shape according to the increase of age of elderly women, to extract the factors which form the upper body shapes and to classify the upper body shapes and grasp the characteristics of each body type. The subject were 225 elderly women aged 55-79 years old. Data were analyzed by the multivariate method, especially factor and cluster analysis. The results are as follows: 1. The items of stature, weight and width and circumference of upper body decreased according to the increase of age. And, in the length items except the side neck point - the nipple point length decreased significantly. There were significant difference of upper body shape between age groups according to each group. 2. The shape of elderly women's upper body is determined the main 6 factors(the obesity of upper body, the shape of shoulder, the length of back side of upper body, the length of front side of upper body and the size of vertical direction between stature and arm and front neck width). 3. Elderly women have 4 types of upper body shapes, which are distributed evenly. The body type of Elderly woman changes from long and fat type to small and slim, type according to the increase of age.
Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
/
v.30
no.12
s.159
/
pp.1690-1696
/
2006
The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data useful in designing apparel patterns for aged abdominal obese women. The body measurements of 318 women were taken at random, whose ages were over 60 and fields of action were colleges, sports centers, or business sites in Seoul and the neighboring districts. A total of 33 features in the upper body and lower body were used fer the anthropometric measurement and analysis using anthropometry. The collected measurement data were processed statistically using the SPSS 12.0 program for technical statistical analysis, t-test, frequency analysis, correlation analysis. The results of the study are as follows. 1. Subjects were classified into two groups as a result of analysis for measurement data. It was revealed that 251(about 79 percent) women of total subjects(n=318) have a characteristic of abdominal obese body type and elderly women of these group usually had big abdomen rather than hip. The criteria of abdominal obesity based on waist-hip ratio, WHR(=0.85). 2. Aged abdominal obese women have shown much larger size in most body measurements except items of some vertical length, such as bust ponit-bust point, font interscye, back interscye with circumference and depth of armscye, bust, waist, abdomen and hip while showing no difference in height, biacrominal breadth, hip width, neck shoulder point to breast point, crotch length. 3. Vervaeck index(=100.1) and Rohrer index(=1.7) indicated that the abdominal obese women were fat in overall body. And aspect ratio of waist(=0.86), abdomen(=0.92) and hip(=0.75) also appeared high that the shape of cross sections in those regions was similar to a figure of circle 4. In view of the correlation coefficient between hip circumference and the rest measurement items, and between hip circumference inclusively of the abdomen protrusion and the rest measurement items, there were found some differences for each group. In case of Group (abdominal obese group), the former is smaller than the other. 5. In case of Abdominal obese women, hip circumference inclusively of the abdomen protrusion is more mutually related to the rest items related to make apparel pattern as waist circumference, depth of armscye and so on than what hip circumference is. This result indicated which must be considered hip circumference inclusively of the abdomen protrusion to make apparel patterns for abdominal obese women unlike women of common body types.
The purpose of this research is to understand the physiological characteristics of muscular men between the ages of 20 and 34 years who are distinct from the general population due to their muscular development, and to categorize them according to upper body somatotypes. This research was conducted in order to provide basic data necessary for developing clothing products for muscular men. The research method and results were as follows: the "Sheldon's" and "Heath-Carter" somatotype classification methods were carried out at sports centers, the Athletic College, and military bases in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Excluding the 32 subjects that did not have a balanced mesomorph, ectomorphic mesomorph or mesomorph-ectomorph, research on the remaining 168 subjects was used in the data analysis. 2. We used the following factor analysis: factor 1 for torso size; factor 2 for upper-arm, armpit, and chest breath size; and 3. The upper body was categorized into four (4) types, and their individual characteristics were as follows: Type 1 had the most developed arms, shoulders, chest muscles, and the shortest height. These subjects had an average of 191 somatotype points and could be classified as a balanced mesomorph. The heights and the lengths of Type 2 were short. They had slim physical structures, averaged 182 somatype points, and could be classified as an ectomorphic mesomorph. somatotype points and were classified as a balanced mesomorph. The heights and the lengths of Type 4 were long. They had slim physical structures, averaged 164 somatotype points, and were classified as a balanced mesomorph-ectomorph. 4. After carrying out a discriminant analysis to validate the categories of muscular men's upper bodies, we concluded that our model had an accuracy rating of 98.1%.
The aim of this study was to analyze the features of bodice patterns modeled using a dress form that represents Korean female fashion models' body features. A controlled experiment was carried out using an existing dress form that has been frequently used in South Korea. The purpose of the study was to suggest notable findings derived from understanding the development of bodice patterns for Korean female fashion models. The comparison of features of bodice patterns from the developed and existing dress forms was carried out with consideration of the upper body features of the developed dress form, such as body angles and body cross-sectional shapes. The following results were derived from the investigations. (1) The angles of the upper and lower breast cups of the developed dress form differed to those of the existing dress form, showing a 5.0cm smaller front shoulder dart and a 3.5 larger ㎝ ㎝ front waist dart within the bodice patterns. (2) The body angle features of the developed dress form included a straighter neck and shoulder blade and more concave center back than the existing dress form, with a 2.0 reduced back neck height and a 4.8 larger back waist dart for ㎝ ㎝ the bodice back panel. The more realistic body angles of the developed dress form anticipate the improvement of garment pattern-making. (3) The altered shoulder angles resulted in an increased size of the back shoulder dart and a decreased size of the front shoulder height within the bodice patterns. (4) The increased rate of curvature of cross-sectional shapes on the bust and waist circumferences of the developed dress form resulted in an increase in the sizes of the front and back waist darts.
Even though a Han-bok, or traditional Korean costume, should be inherited since it is invaluable part of our culture, research on Han-bok is scarce. Since the development of a Jeogori pattern, the upper garment of Korean traditional clothes, is done mostly based on the chest size, the design does not completely consider on wearer's body shape. Moreover, unless made by an expert, trial and error is almost always necessary to improve the fit of the clothes. In this research, a Jeogori pattern was suggested that improves the fit based on the shape of the upper back(straight or bent) of a female in her late 20s who often wears a Han-bok and is comfortable when moving. Using a 3D virtual clothing system, the optimum pattern was selected based on the body shape. The final selection was made, and each subjects tried the garment on to evaluate the comfort when moving, along with its appearance, based on a seven point Likert scale. As a result, for a straight body shape, the optimum ease for the front bust width was 2.5cm, and that for the back bust width was 2.0cm. The optimum center back dart was 1.0cm. The optimum Geodae width was 7.6cm, and the optimum back Geodae point was 2.0cm. For the bent body shape, the optimum ease for the front and back bust was 2.0cm. The optimum Geodae width was 8.4cm, and the optimum back Geodae point was 1.5cm. Furthermore, if the Hwajang slope was set at half of the vertical distance between the laterals of the neck and shoulder, a fitted silhouette appeared, which is preferred nowadays. In the appearance evaluation, the final pattern designed in this research received higher scores than the original design(straight; p<.001, bent; p<.05). The results of the evaluation of the comfort when moving also showed higher scores for the final pattern that was designed.
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