• Title/Summary/Keyword: 삽입전위

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Treatment of Transverse Patella Fracture with Minimally Invasive Load-Sharing Patellar Tendon Suture and Cannulated Screws (최소 침습 기법 슬개건 부하 분산 봉합술과 유관 나사못을 이용한 슬개골 횡골절의 치료)

  • Lee, Beom-Seok;Park, Byeong-Mun;Yang, Bong-Seok;Kim, Kyu-Wan
    • Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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    • v.56 no.6
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    • pp.540-545
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    • 2021
  • A transverse fracture is the most common type of displaced patella fracture requiring surgery. These fractures are commonly fixed with parallel Kirschner wires or screws that cross the fracture line, often with an additional tension band. Nevertheless, conventional fixation methods of patella fractures have prevalent complications caused by the protrusion of wires or pins. These complications necessitate additional surgery for hardware removal, increase medical cost, and can limit the function of the knee joint. This paper reports cases treated with a minimally invasive load-sharing percutaneous suture of the patella tendon. The procedure provides reliable fixation for transverse patella fractures, minimizes soft tissue injuries, preserves blood flow, and reduces postoperative pain. In addition, the procedure also reduces the irritation and pain caused by the internal fixture, thereby reducing the risk of restricted knee joint movement.

Micromachined pH Sensor Using Open Well Structures (개방형 우물 구조를 이용한 마이크로머신형 pH 센서)

  • Kim, Heung-Rak;Kim, Young-Deog;Jeong, Woo-Cheol;Kim, Kwang-Il;Kim, Dong-Su
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.347-353
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    • 2002
  • A structure of a glass electrode-type pH sensor for measuring any concentration of $H^+$ in an aqueous solution was embodied with bulk micromachining technology. Two open well structures were formed, and a reference electrode was secured by the Ag/AgCl thin film in the sloped side of the etched structure. A sensitive membrane of an indicator electrode for generating a potential by an exchange reaction to $H^+$ was made with a glass containing Na 20% or more finely so that its thickness might be $100{\mu}m$ or so, and then it was bonded to one pyramidal structure. A liquid junction for a current path was formed by filling an agar in the anisotropically etched part of the Si wafer, which had a size of $50{\mu}m{\times}50{\mu}m$, and then bonded it to the other. After complete fabrication of each part, it was filled with a 2M KCl reference solution and encapsulated the sensor structure with a cold expoxy. The potential value of fabricated pH sensor was about 90mV/pH in the standard pH solutions.

Properties and Performance of Electroactive Acrylic Copolymer-Platinum Composite Modified with Sodium Montrnorillonite (Sodium Montrnorillonite로 개질한 아크릴계 IPMC의 물성과 전기 구동 특성)

  • Jeong, Han-Mo;Kim, Byung-Chon;La, Young-Soo
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.380-384
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    • 2005
  • Fluoroalkyl methacrylate and acrylic acid were bulk radical copolymerized in the presence of pure sodium montmorillonite or macromer intercalated sodium montmorilonite to get a fluorinated acrylic ionomer/sodium montmorillonite composite, and their physical properties, such as X-ray diffraction pattern, tensile properties, and water uptake, were examined. These composites were used to preparean ionic acrylic polymer-platinum composite (IPMC). The current and deformation responses of these IPMCs by external voltage applied across the platinum electrodes deposited on both sides of IPMC showed that the cation migration from anode to cathode was suppressed in the presence of sodium montmorillonite, causing reduced current and deformation.

Electrochemical Studies of Li Intercalation in Ni0.2V2O5 Aerogel (리튬전지용 Ni0.2V2O5 Aerogel 전극의 특성)

  • Park, Heai-Ku;Kim, Kwang-Hyun
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.491-495
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    • 1999
  • $Ni_{0.2}V_2O_5$ aerogel (ARG) was synthesized via the sol gel method and has been studied with an emphasis on the characterization of its electrochemical properties. ARG appear to be amorphous layered material. Electron micrograph revealed that entangled fibrous textures has been grown to form anisotropic corrugated sheets. Several sites for the Li ion intercalation exist between the layers of ARG and average cell potential was 3.1 V vs $Li/Li^+$ Th charge transfer resistance increases 3 to 4 times as lithium composition increases, but the interphase resistance remains almost constant regardless of the lithium composition in thc ARG.

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Cloning and Transcriptional Fusion with lacZ of a Gene (exo) Required for Exo-polysaccharide Synthesis in Rhizobium fredii USDA191 (Rhizobium fredii USDA191의 체외다당류 합성관련 유전자(exo)의 클로닝 및 lacZ와의 융합)

  • 정완석;고영환
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 1993
  • Rhizobium fredii USDA191 은 대기 중의 질소를 환원하여 식물체의 생육에 필요한 질소원을 공급해주는 세균으로 다량의 체외 다당류를 합성한다. 전위요소 Tn5의 삽입에 의한 돌연변이 유도로 다당류결핍 변이주 R. fredii YKL293 가 분리되었으며 이 변이주로부터 Tn5 에 인접한 DNA 단편이 pUC19 에 클로닝되었고(plyk5293),이 DNA 단편을 탐침으로 하여 .lambda.NM1149 에 구성되 USDA191 genomic library 로부터 야생형체외다당류 합성관련 유전자(exo) 를 함유한 클론 .lambda. NM1149 22E 를 plaque 혼성화에 의하여 분리하였다. 클론 NM1149.22E 에 들어있는 exo 유전자를 pBR322 에 옮겨서 pJW33을 만들고, 재조합체 pJW33 을 Escherichia coli POII734 에 도입시켜 lacZ 구조유전자를 함유한 MudI 1734 가 exo 유전자의 프러모토와 융합되어 lacZ 구조유전자의 전사가 이루어지도록 하였다. 위와 같이 만들어진 재조합체 플라스미드 pUM21을 함유한 E. coli JM83 은 .betha.-galactosidase 를 합성하였으며, 야생형 tacZ 유전자를 갖고 있는 E. coli LE392 에 비해서 14-25배 정도 낮은 역가를 보였다.

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Stress Patterns in the Reconstructed Double Bundles of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Response to an Anterior Tibial Load and Rotatory Load: an Analysis using a 3-Dimensional Finite Element Model (삼차원 유한 요소 모델을 이용한 전방십자인대 이중다발 재건술 후 전방 전위 및 회전 부하에 따른 이식건 응력 양상 분석)

  • Seo, Young-Jin;Song, Si Young;Ahn, Jung Tae;Kim, Yoon-Sang;Ko, Jun Ho;Jang, Seong-Wook;Yoo, Yon-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.160-166
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of the stress distribution within the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) double bundles in response to an anterior tibial load and rotatory load at $45^{\circ}$ flexed knee model by use of a 3-dimensional finite element analysis (FEM). Materials and Methods: The $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ flexed 3-D knee model were reconstructed based on the high resolution computed tomography (CT) images from the right knee of a healthy male subject. To simulate double bundle ACL reconstruction, in $0^{\circ}$ analytic model, four 7 mm diameter tunnels were created at the center of each anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) footprints on the femur and tibia. The grafts were inserted into the corresponding bone tunnels and then reconstructed knee model was flexed to $45^{\circ}$. As a next step, the 5 mm anterior tibial load and internal rotational load of $10^{\circ}$ were applied on the final Computer aided design (CAD) model. And then stress patterns of each bundle were assessed using a finite element analysis. Results: In response to the 5 mm of anterior tibial load, the AM bundle showed increased stresses around the tibial and femoral attachment sites; especially in the anterior aspect of the bundle. In the PL bundle, the highest stress concentration was also noticed on the anterior aspect of the bundle. Under $10^{\circ}$ internal rotational load, the stress concentration was predominant around the anterior aspect of the tibial attachment site within the AM bundle. The PL bundle also showed highest stress concentration on the anterior aspect of the bundle. Conclusion: Although the stress patterns were not identical among the AM and PL bundle, there were common trends in the stress distribution. The stress concentration was predominant on the anterior aspect of both bundles in response to the anterior tibial load and rotatory load.

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Thoracoscopic Diaphragmatic Plication Using Three 5 mm Ports (흉강경하 횡경막 주름성형술: 작업창없이 3개의 포트를 이용한 수술법)

  • Kim, Do-Hyung;Kim, Kil-Dong;Hwang, Jung-Joo;Choi, Jin-Ho;Lee, Jun-Wan
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.513-517
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    • 2010
  • Background: Diaphragmatic plication through a thoracoscopic approach has been an effective modality to treat diaphragmatic enventration. However, the conventional technique for thoracoscopic plication has some disadvantages. We have developed an improved and simplified technique with utilizing the head up position, $CO_2$ insufflation and figure-of-eight sutures. Material and Method: Between October 2005 and September 2009, 9 patients with diaphragmatic paralysis underwent repair using our modified technique. The mean patient age was $38.5{\pm}53.0$ years (range: 2~76 years). Result: The mean operation time was $46.7{\pm}15.9$ min (range: 30~85 min). None of the patients died due to this procedure, but there was one case of prolonged air leakage, and a case of re-expansion pulmonary edema, which required 3 days of ventilator support after the procedure. The mean hospital stay was $6.22{\pm}2.04$ days (range: 4~11 days). The mean follow-up duration was $27.2{\pm}11.6$ months (range: 2~43 months). All the patients had their symptoms relieved and there was no recurrence of eventration except for one patient who developed more than 2 cm elevation of the diaphragm compared to the immediate post-operation status. Conclusion: With our technique, thoracoscopic diaphragmatic plication was feasible via using only three 5 mm ports and without a working window and the midterm results were favorable. Therefore, we advocate thoracoscopic diaphragmatic plication as a preferred technique to the conventional open plication technique.

AC impedance study on the interface between organic electrolyte and amorphous $WO_3$ thin film relating to the electrochemical intercalation of lithium (비정질 $WO_3$ 박막과 전해질 계면에서의 리튬 층간 반응의 교류 임피던스 해석)

  • Kim Byoung-Chul;Ju Jeh-Beck;Sohn Tae-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 1998
  • To AC impedance study was performed in this study on the interfacial reaction between organic electrolyte and amorphous tungsten oxides thin film, cathodically coloring oxide, prepared by e-beam evaporation method in the 1 M $LiClO_4/PC$ organic solution. The electrochemical reactions at the interface were analyzed by the transient method and the complex impedance spectroscopy. The impedance spectrums showed that the electro-chemical intercalation of lithium cations was consisted of the following three steps; the first step, the charge transfer reaction of lithium cation at the interface between amorphous tungsten oxides thin film and the organic electrolyte, the second step, the adsorption of lithium atom on the surface of amorphous tungsten oxides thin film, and then the third step, the absorption and the diffusion of lithium atom into amorphous tungsten oxides thin layer. The bleaching and the coloring characteristics of amorphous tungsten oxides thin film were explained in terms of thermodynamic and kinetic variables, the simulated $R_{ct},\;C_{dl},\;D$ and $\sigma_{Li}$ by CNLS fitting method. Especially it was found that the limiting values of electrochromic reaction were the molar ratio of lithium, y=0.167 and the electrode potential, E=2.245 V (vs. Li).

Feasibility of Optoelectronic Neural Stimulation Shown in Sciatic Nerve of Rats (흰쥐의 좌골 신경 자극을 통한 광전 자극의 가능성에 대한 연구)

  • Kim Eui tae;Oh Seung jae;Baac Hyoung won;Kim Sung june
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.611-615
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    • 2004
  • A neural prostheses can be designed to permit stimulation of specific sites in the nervous system to restore their functions, lost due to disease or trauma. This study focuses on the feasibility of optoelecronic stimulation into nervous system. Optoelectronic stimulation supplies, power and signal into the implanted optical detector inside the body by optics. It can be effective strategy especially on the retinal prosthesis, because it enables the non-invasive connection between the external source and internal detector through natural optical window 'eye'. Therefore, we designed an effective neural stimulating setup by optically based stimulation. Stimulating on the sciatic nerve of a rat with proper depth probe through optical stimulation needs higher ratio of current spreading through the neural surface, because of high impedance of neural interface. To increase the insertion current spreading into the neuron, we used a parallel low resistance compared to load resistance organic interface and calculated the optimized outer parallel resistance for maximum insertion current with the assumption of limited current by photodiode. Optimized outer parallel resistance was at a range of 500Ω-700Ω and a current was at a level between 580uA and 650uA. Stimulating current efficiency from initial photodiode induced current was between 47.5 and 59.7%. Various amplitude and frequency of the optical stimulation on the sciatic nerve showed the reliable visual tremble, and the action potential was also recorded near the stimulating area. These result demonstrate that optoelectronic stimulation with no bias can be applied to the retinal prosthesis and other neuroprosthetic area.

Hybrid Palliation for Functionally Single Ventricle with Systemic Outflow Obstruction (단심증에서의 Hybrid 고식술)

  • Cho, Won-Chul;Song, Kwang-Jae;Jung, Sung-Ho;Kim, Young-Hwee;Yun, Tae-Jin
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.39 no.12 s.269
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    • pp.927-930
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    • 2006
  • Hybrid procedure was performed for a thirteen-day-old girl with a functionally single ventricle, who weighed 2.2 kg and had been prematurely born at $32^{+5}$ weeks of gestation. She underwent bilateral pulmonary artery banding using 3.5 mm Gore-Tex graft, ductal stenting using balloon expandable stent, and reverse Blalock-Taussig shunt with 3.5 mm Gore-Tex vascular graft. After discharge, she was followed up for 4 months, and underwent 2nd stage operation(extensive arch reconstruction with Damus-Kaye-Stansel anastomosis, atrial septectomy, bilateral pulmonary artery angioplasty, bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt). She has been followed up for 4 months after the 2nd operation with an excellent clinical condition.