• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.347-348
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• 2009

멀티미디어 컨텐츠에 가시적 혹은 비 가시적으로 정보를 삽입하는 기술을 워터마킹이라고 한다. 워터마크를 삽입한 컨텐츠는 일련의 공격에 강인하도록 설계되어야 하는데, 본 기법은 기하학적 공격에 강인하도록 설계하였다. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT)을 이용하여 특징점을 찾고, 특징점 주변에 원형의 워터마크를 삽입하였다. SIFT에서 구해지는 방향벡터를 사용하여, 워터마크를 삽입할 원형 반구를 설정하였으며, 기존의 원형 기반의 워터마킹 삽입기법보다 강인한 워터마크를 구성할 수 있는 장점을 가진다.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.174-178
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• 2009

Purpose: We introduce arthroscopic assisted core decompression for humeral head osteonecrosis. Operative technique: After diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy is performed using posterior and anterior portal, we make a 2 cm lateral skin incision approximately 3 cm distal to 1/3 of lateral margin of the acromion and place short gray cannula to prevent adjacent soft tissue injury when insert guide pin. Under C-arm fluoroscopic and arthroscopic guidance, 3 to 4 guide pins are inserted toward the necrotic area. Then we perform drilling using 7.0 mm reamer. Conclusion: We believe this technique is a less invasive approach and avoids the complications comparing to deltopectoral approach. Arthroscopic assisted core decompression is an effective procedure in management of early stage of the humeral head osteonecoris.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2010

Purpose: To compare the obliquity of femoral tunnels prepared with transtibial (TT) versus anteromedial portal technique (AM) using x-ray in single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Materials and Methods: Among one-hundred thirty two patients who were undergoing ACL reconstruction from January 2007 to December 2009, thirty patients using TT and twenty patients using AM, those who had single-bundle ACL reconstruction, were evaluated with plain radiographs including anteroposterior, intercondylar notch and lateral view to compare the obliquity of bone tunnels. Results: The mean coronal obliquity of femoral tunnel for TT was $71^{\circ}$ (range; $65^{\circ}{\sim}77^{\circ}$), while for AM was $51^{\circ}$ (range; $39^{\circ}{\sim}60^{\circ}$) and the mean sagittal obliquity of femoral tunnel for TT was $22.7^{\circ}{\pm}7.8$, while for AM was $30.2^{\circ}{\pm}6.9$, their differences between them were statistically significant (P<0.05). However, there were no differences between two techniques on the tibial tunnel obliquity in coronal and sagittal plane. Conclusion: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using AM portal technique allows more horizontally oriented and divergent femoral tunnel compared to that of transtibial technique. This seems to enable the graft placement into the femoral footprint and preserve the posterior cortical wall.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.5C
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• pp.706-715
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• 2004

In this paper, to decide the watermark embedding positions and embed the watermark we use the subband tee structure which is presented in the wavelet domain and the edge information in the spatial domain. The significant frequency region is estimated by the subband searching from the higher frequency subband to the lower frequency subband. LH1 subband which has the higher frequency in tree structure of the wavelet domain is divided into 4${\times}$4 submatrices, and the threshold which is used in the watermark embedding is obtained by the blockmatrix which is consists by the average of 4${\times}$4 submatrices. Also the watermark embedding position, Keymap is generated by the blockmatrix for the energy distribution in the frequency domain and the edge information in the spatial domain. The watermark is embedded into the wavelet coefficients using the Keymap and the random sequence generated by LFSR(Linear feedback shift register). Finally after the inverse wavelet transform the watermark embedded image is obtained. the proposed watermarking algorithm showed PSNR over 2㏈ and had the higher results from 2％ to 8％ in the comparison with the previous research for the attack such as the JPEG compression and the general image processing just like blurring, sharpening and gaussian noise.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.222-224
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.2-2
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.381-384
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• 2006

센서 네트워크 환경에서 스트림 데이터를 모니터링 하기 위해서는 스트림 데이터에 대한 연속적인 질의들을 효과적으로 처리하는 것이 필요하다. 이러한 연속적인 질의를 빠르게 검색하고 처리하기 위하여 낮은 저장 비용과 빠른 탐색 성능을 가진 질의 색인 기법이 많이 활용되고 있다. 기존 연구들은 사전에 삽입될 Interval 을 알고 트리를 구성하므로 동적인 삽입, 삭제가 불가능하거나 삽입된 Interval 수와 Interval 의 범위에 따라 높은 저장 비용이나 상대적으로 느린 탐색 속도를 보인다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 연속적인 질의 처리를 효율적으로 하기 위하여 Hashed Multiple Lists 를 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 빠른 선형 탐색 성능과 낮은 저장 비용을 요구하며 삽입, 삭제가 용이하고 다양한 범위를 표현할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 제안된 색인 기법은 센서 네트워크를 응용한 시스템과 상황 인식 시스템 등에서 연속적인 질의를 처리하는데 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.73-82
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• 2003

In this paper, a simultaneous buffer insertion and routing method is proposed under the constraints of wire and buffer locations by macro or IP blocks. A new grid graph is proposed to describe the regions in which buffers(or both wires and buffers) are not available. Under this grid we describe a method of constructing a buffeted tree that minimize the maximum source to sink delay. The method is based on the dynamic programming with pruning unnecessary partial solutions. The proposed method improved the slack time of the delay by 19% on the average while using less buffers and similar wire length.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.176-180
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• 2003

We describe in this report the accurate reduction of a transverse displaced glenoid fracture through arthroscopic control . We used the lateral and superior (Neviaser portal) portal of the arthroscopic surgery in the shoulder joint for the U 4.0-mm titanium cannulated cancellous screw fixation. The advantages of this treatment are excellent intra-articular visualiBation, decreased soft tissue dissection ,less blood loss, shortened postoperative recovery and early ROM exercise. There(ore, we report the method of operation and the cases .

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2020.10a
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• pp.353-356
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• 2020

관용구는 둘 이상의 단어가 결합하여 특정한 뜻을 생성한 어구로 기계번역 시 종종 오역이 발생한다. 이는 관용구가 지닌 함축적인 의미를 정확하게 번역할 수 없는 기계번역의 한계를 드러낸다. 따라서 신경망 기계 번역(Neural Machine Translation)에서 관용구를 효과적으로 학습하려면 관용구에 특화된 번역 쌍 데이터셋과 학습 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 한-영 관용구 기계번역에 특화된 데이터셋을 이용하여 신경망 기계번역 모델에 관용구를 효과적으로 학습시키기 위해 특정 토큰을 삽입하여 문장에 포함된 관용구의 위치를 나타내는 방법을 제안한다. 실험 결과, 제안한 방법을 이용하여 학습하였을 때 대부분의 신경망 기계 번역 모델에서 관용구 번역 품질의 향상이 있음을 보였다.