• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.23 no.11 s.170
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• pp.1929-1939
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• 1999

This paper presents a neural network approach, which was named PRONET, to 3D object recognition and pose calculation. 3D objects are represented using a set of centroidal profile patterns that describe the boundary of the 2D views taken from evenly distributed view points. PRONET consists of the training stage and the execution stage. In the training stage, a three-layer feed-forward neural network is trained with the centroidal profile patterns using an error back-propagation method. In the execution stage, by matching a centroidal profile pattern of the given image with the best fitting centroidal profile pattern using the neural network, the identity and approximate orientation of the real object, such as a workpiece in arbitrary pose, are obtained. In the matching procedure, line-to-line correspondence between image features and 3D CAD features are also obtained. An iterative model posing method then calculates the more exact pose of the object based on initial orientation and correspondence.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.423-431
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• 1995

Trigeminal spinal sensory nucleus is a main relay site in transmission of orofacial pain. Glutamate and aspartate playa role in transmission of primary afferents. This experiment was performed to study the role of capsaicin, KR-25018 and shogaol on the release of glutamate and aspartate from trigeminal spinal sensory nucleus. Release of excitatory amino acids(EAAs) was induced by electrical stimulation of oral mucosa with innocuous or noxious stimuli. Capsaicin($10{\mu}M$), KR-25018($10{\mu}M$), shogaol($10{\mu}M$), ruthenium red and capsazapine were added to perfusion solution to observe the changes in EAA release, and glutamate and aspartate were determined by HPLC. Release of glutamate and aspartate from trigeminal sensory nucleus was increased by noxious stimulation of oral mucosa, but innocuous stimulation did not affect on the release of EAA Capsaicin and KR-25018 increased the release of glutamate and aspartate, and effect of KR-25018 on release of EAA was more potent than capsaicin. But shogaol had a weak effect on release of EAA. Effect of capsaicin and KR-25018 was partially blocked by capsaicin antagonists, ruthenium red and capsazepine.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 1999

Intracranial involvement by adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is very rare and there is no report of intracranial extension from the palate ACC in Korea. Intracranial involvement can occur in one of three ways: direct extension, perineural spread, and hematogenous spread. A case report of a 35-year-old woman with intracranial ACC is presented. Initially she had ACC of the right palate and was treated by surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. Three years and 10 months later, the paresthesia in the distribution of ophthalmic and maxillary branch of right trigeminal none developed without evidence of recurrence in CT scan. Ptosis and total ophthalmoplegia developed sequentially and the second operation was peformed. It was suggested that the tumor was spread perineurally along the trigeminal news into the Gasserian ganglion and then cavernous sinus and orbit. Seven years and 6 months after the first operation, direct intracranial extension into the right temporal lobe developed via sphenoid bone, sphenoid sinus and temporal bone and the third operation was done. And then lung metastasis was diagnosed. She is alive for 9 years 5 months after first operation.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 1996

The projection from the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN) to three subdivisions of the cerebellar vermal lobule VI was studied in the rat by utilizing the retrograde transport of wheatgerm agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase. Labelled neurons were located bilaterally throughout the LRN, but with ipsilateral predominance. There seemed to be a dorsal4o-ventral transition in the ipsilateral magnocellular neurons projecting to the cerebellar vermal lobules VIa-to-Vic. In the contralateral side, cells projecting to vermal lobule Via were observed at more rostral sections, whereas those projecting to lobule Vic were located at caudal sections. There were relatively few labelled neurons in parvocellular or subtrigeminal divisions at either side. Computer-aided three dimensional reconstruction of LRN projections to lobules Via/Vib or lobules Vib/Vic exhibited extensive oberlap within each combination of injection cases.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.67-69
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• 2001

A 3 years-old male Tosa dog was referred to Seoul National University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with a history of difficulty in mastication. Clinical signs of dropped jaw, drooling, mild depression and dehydration were observed. According to history taking, physical examination, neurologic examination, complete blood count (CBC), serum chemical profile and radiography, the dog was diagnosed as idiopathic trigeminal nerve paralysis. Electroacupuncture treatment was applied to the dog on local and distal point at an interval of 7 days. Local points were GB-1 (Tong Zi Liao) of gall bladder meridian and ST-7 (Xia Guan) of stomach meridian. Distal points were PC-4 (Xi Men), PC-6 (Nei Guan) of pericardium meridian. Electrical stimulus was performed for 20 minutes at the frequency of 3 Hz, 3 Volts on ST-7. Ten days after the initial electroacupuncture treatment, clinical signs related to trigeminal nerve paralysis were almost disappeared.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 1989

Sturge - Weber Syndrome is a congenital disorder and characterized by facial hemangioma following one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve, epilepsy, mental retardation, contralateral hemiplegia, occlular involvement, gingival involvement. A 34 year old Korean man, a 25 year old Korean woman and a 48 year old Korean woman were found to have red - purple colored pigmentation on the hemifacial area and upper oral mucosal area.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.567-572
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• 2018

The sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is to provide tactile, proprioceptive, and nociceptive afference by chemical stimulation. Various physical responses of the trigeminal nerve to stimuli help to defend against harmful substances. Recently, many studies have been conducted on solitary chemoreceptor cells innervated by trigeminal nerve. Most volatile organic compounds stimulate both the olfactory and trigeminal nervous systems. In general, the trigeminal nervous system is less sensitive than the olfactory nervous system. Studies have shown that sensation of the trigeminal nerve by chemical stimulation results in inhibition of olfaction. This indicates that the olfactory and trigeminal nerves interact with each other in the central nervous system. It is important to study various noxious stimuli acting on the trigeminal nerve in modern society where environmental concerns are intensifying.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2023

In computer graphics and computer vision research and its applications, various representations of 3D objects, such as point clouds, voxels, or triangular meshes, are used depending on the purpose. The need for animating characters using these representations is also growing. In a typical animation pipeline called skeletal animation, "skinning weight painting" is required to determine how joints influence a vertex on the character's skin. In this paper, we introduce a neural network for automatically performing skinning weight painting for characters represented in various formats. We utilize signed distance fields (SDF) to handle different representations and employ graph neural networks and multi-layer perceptrons to predict the skinning weights for a given point.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.3 s.68
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• pp.441-452
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• 1998

The c-fos is known as neuronal marker of second neurons which is activated by noxious peripheral stimulation. To investigate the changes of c-fos el(pression in the trigeminal nucleus complex during tooth movement, immunohistochemical study was performed. Experimental rats(9 weeks old, 210 gm 21 rats) were divided into seven groups(normal, 1 hour group, 3 hour group, 6 hour group, 12 hour group, 1 day group,3 day group). Rats in the normal group were anesthesized without orthodontic force. Rats in the experimental groups were applied orthodontic force (approximately 30 gm) to upper right maxillary molar. Frozen sections of brain stem were immunostained using rabbit antisera. The changes of c-fos expression were observed with respect to rostrocaudal distribution, laminar organization, md duration of orthodontic force application. The study results were as follows $\cdot$The c-fos nuclei in the dorsal part were observed from ipsilateral transition zone of subnucleus interpolaris and subnucleus caudalis to $C_1$ cervical dorsal horn rostrocaudally. The maximal peak point was the rostral part of subnucleus caudalis. The greatest proportion of c-fos cells were located within lamina I and II. $\cdot$The c-fos nuclei in the dorsal Part were observed from the most caudal part of subnucleus interpolaris to the middle part of the subnucleus caudalis. $\cdot$The number of c-fos immunoreactive dot increased at 1 hour group, reached its maximum at the 3 and 6 hour groups, and showed a decreasing trend after 12 hours. These results imply that nociceptive stimulation caused by continuous orthodontic force might be modulated by transition zone of subnucleus interpolaris and subnucleus caudalis, subnucleus caudalis, $C_1$ spinal dorsal hem.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2009

Trigeminal neuralgia is defined "a sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing, recurrent pain in the distribution of one or more branches of the fifth cranial nerve". The initial treatment of choice for trigeminal neuralgia is medical therapy. In patients with medically intractable pain or intolerable medication side effects, invasive therapeutic approaches are often necessary. Based on the amount of evidence and estimated efficacy, carbamazepine is the drug of choice in the management of trigeminal neuralgia. In case of insufficient or no response to carbamazepine, second-line drugs can be added. In this study, the author tried to review and analyzed the cases of 90 patients whom had visited for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia at the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital from 2003 to 2008. The results were as follows: 1. Trigeminal neuralgia was significantly more common with advancing age, and nearly twice as common in women than men (ratio of 2.1:1) 2. The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve involved most often (51.1%), and the right side of the face is affected more commonly than the left (ratio of 2.9:1). 3. 85(94.4%) patients had experiences visiting medical or dental specialties before being referred to the Department of Oral Medicine. 4. 40(44.4%) patients with trigeminal neuralgia had systemic diseases. 5. Treatment with carbamazepine monotherapy was satisfactory initially in 69(76.7%) the patients, and the mean daily dose of carbamazepine was 402.9mg. On the other hand, 16(17.8%) patients expressed effectiveness after combination therapy of carbamazepine and other drugs. 6. Of the 69 patients who had a good initial response to carbamazepine monotherapy, 18 patients became resistant, so that combination therapy of carbamazepine and other drugs were necessary. 7. 54(60%) patients developed side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, blood dyscrasias, skin rash and constipation, and 11 of the patients decided to stop tmedicaion due to side effects.