• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.785-791
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• 2014

The antioxidative activities of beverages with water or ethanol extracts from Maegmundong (Liriope platyphylla) were investigated with free amino acid and mineral analysis, as well as saponin, total phenolics and flavonoid determination. Antioxidative activity was evaluated by electron donating ability and ABTS radical scavenging activity. There was only a small difference between water extract beverages and ethanol-extract beverages with respect to their electron donating ability and ABTS radical scavenging activity, although the total saponin, total phenolics and flavonoid were found to be greater in the ethanol extract beverages than in the water extract beverages. Three major free amino acids of the Magemundong beverages with water- or ethanol extract were asparagine (58.30, 60.68 mg%), methionine (15.10, 13.95 mg%, respectively) and proline (12.31, 14.00 mg%, respectively). The most abundant mineral in the Maegmundong beverage with water and ethanol extract was potassium (238.68, 244.32 mg%, respectively).

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 1998

To investigate the role of oviductal environment in early mammalian development, we examined the effects of bovine oviductal fluid (bOF) on the development of mouse 2-cell embryos in vitro. All of the embryos cultured in medium containing 5% or more of bOF underwent degeneration after 48 hr, whereas only 5% of embryos cultured in the absence of bOF degenerated. When bOF was heated at 65 \circ C for 30 min and then added to the culture medium, the embryotoxic effect of bOF was not removed at all such that none of the embryos remained alive after 48 hr. However, when bOF heated at 90 \circ C for 30 min was added to the culture, nearly most (95%) of embryos was alive. Similarly, pretreatment of bOF with 0.1% chymotrypsin for 1 hr or overnight following heating at 65 \circ C resulted in the development of 95.5% of mouse 2-cell embryos to early blastula after 48 hr culture in the presence of treated bOF. Interestingly addition of an anti-oxidant removed the evbryotoxic effect of bOF so that 91.0% of 2-cell embryos developed to morulae or blastulae in the presence of both 5% bOF and 10 mM of glutathione (GSH) after 48 hr culture. Neither oxidized form of GSH (GSSG) nor other antioxidants, however, could support the embryonic development in the presence of bOF. From these results, it is suggested that bOF contains a protein-like factor(s) which becomes embryotoxic by exposing in vitro, probably via oxidation reaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.112-112
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• 2016

인체접촉시 니켈도금의 알러지 반응을 억제하기 위한 대체 도금기술인 비 시안계 Cu-Sn 합금도금을 개발함에 있어서, 황산구리5수화물과 황산제일주석을 금속염으로 하여 황산 및 계면활성제, 유화제 등을 포함한 각종 유기첨가제를 포함하였고 특히 은백색조의 외관 색상과 안정적인 Cu-Sn 합금전착을 위해 2종의 착화제인 EDTP($C_{14}H_{32}N_2O_4$)와 TEA(Triethanolamine)를 첨가한 비 시안계 Cu-Sn 합금 도금액을 도출하였다. Cu-Sn 합금도금 피막 조성의 균일화를 도모하기 위해서는 합금 도금액중의 Cu와 Sn 금속이온 농도를 일정하게 유지하는 것이 필요하다. 그러나 합금 도금액중 2가 주석이온($Sn^{2+}$)은 수용액중에서 4가 주석이온($Sn^{4+}$)으로 산화됨으로써 도금액 색상이 백탁이 되고 Stannic Hydroxide($Sn(OH)_4$, $SnO_2{\cdot}2H_2O$)이 생성되어 대량의 침전물이 침강하는 문제점이 발생되는 등 시간 경과에 따른 도금액의 경시 변화가 발생되었다. 상기 침전물은 연속여과에 의해 제거 가능하나 합금 도금액중 $Sn^{2+}$ 농도가 지속적으로 감소하게 된다. 이는 합금 도금액중 금속이온 비율이 변동함으로써 합금도금 피막의 조성비를 일정하게 유지하는 것이 곤란해진다. 이에 $Sn^{4+}$ 침전물 생성을 방지하기 위한 산화방지제를 개발하고 또한 산화방지제의 첨가에 따른 도금 피막 외관에 미치는 영향을 평가하여 외관 개선을 위한 광택제를 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 니켈도금과 동등 이상의 기능 특성을 갖는 비시안계 Cu-Sn 합금도금액을 개발하여 실용화하는 것을 목적으로 하였다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.770-774
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• 2002

Effect of surfactant micelles on lipid oxidation was determined in soybean oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. The concentration of ferric irons to continuous phase in the O/W emulsions was measured as a function of various Brij type and concentrations. The concentration of ferric iron in the continuous phase increased with increasing surfactant micelles concentration $(0.5{\sim}2.0%)$ and storage time $(1{\sim}7\;days)$. At pH 3.0, the concentration of continuous phase iron was higher than at pH 7.0. Lipid oxidation rates, as determined by the formation of lipid hydroperoxides and headspace hexanal, in the O/W emulsions containing ferric iron decreased with increasing surfactant micelle concentration $(0.5{\sim}2.0%)$. These results indicate that surfactant micelles concentration could alter the physical location and prooxidant activity of iron in soybean O/W emulsions.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.394-399
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• 2006

The polishing performance and the relationships of electrochemistry depending upon oxidizers and additives in the tungsten CMP slurry used in semiconductor industry were investigated. Hydrogen peroxide, ferric nitrate and potassium iodate were used as oxidizers and they showed different oxidation reactions on tungsten film depending on the kind of oxidizers and pH of slurry. The differences influenced the polishing performance. Etching reaction was predominated in the hydrogen peroxide. However, passivation reaction was prevailed in ferric nitrate and potassium iodate. TMAH and KOH raised the potential energy and removal rate of tungsten, and improved a dispersion characteristic of slurry by increasing absolute value of zeta potential. Addition of 100 ppm of poly(acrylic acid) of M.W. 250,000 improved dispersion ability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.668-674
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• 2014

The objective of the present study was to investigate the protective and free radical scavenging effects of conventionally and organically cultivated kale juices against oxidative damage in $LLC-PK_1$ cells. The DPPH, NO, $O_2{^-}$, and ${\cdot}OH$ radical scavenging activities of organically cultivated kale were higher than those of conventionally cultivated kale juice. Oxidative damage induced by AAPH (2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride), SNP (sodium nitroprusside), pyrogallol, and SIN-1 (3-morpholinosydnonimine) led to loss of cell viability and increased lipid peroxidation in LLC-PK1 cells, whereas treatment with vegetable juices, especially organically cultivated kale juices, significantly increased cell viability and inhibited lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). These results suggest that organically cultivated kale juices have protective roles against oxidative stress induced by free radicals.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.23-36
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• 2011

목적 : 이 연구는 관절 및 심혈관계 질환 치료에 사용되는 송절(松節)(Pinus densiflora Gnarl)을 약침용 시료로 조제하여 본 약물의 항산화 효능을 규명하고자 하였으며 이를 다양한 시스템에서 검토하였다. 방법 : $FeCl_2$-ascorbic acid system에서 흰쥐 간조직의 지질과산화 반응을 관찰하였고, Fenton reaction system에서 자유기에 의한 plasmid DNA 분절을 유도하였다. 또한 deoxyribose assay를 통해 hydroxyl radical 소거능을 관찰하였고, NBT reduction assay로 superoxide radical 소거능을 검토하였다. 또한 human low-density lipoprotein(LDL)의 산화를 유도하기 위해 $CuSO_4$와 AAPH를 사용하였으며 relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) assay로 LDL 산화 억제 효능을 대조 항산화물질과 비교 검토하였다. 결과 : 송절 약침액은 자유기에 의한 간조직의 지질과산화(p < 0.01)및 DNA 분절을 현저하게 억제하였으며, hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical (p < 0.01), nitric oxide 및 peroxynitrite를 강하게 소거하였다. 또한 $CuSO_4$ ($IC_{50}=9.2{\pm}0.2\;{\mu}g/ml$)와 AAPH ($IC_{50}=34.8{\pm}5.1\;{\mu}g/ml$)에 의해 유도된 human LDL의 산화를 억제하였고, REM assay에서도 산화 억제 효능을 재확인할 수 있었다. 결론 : 송절 약침액은 활성산소종 및 활성질소종를 소거하였고, 지질과산화를 억제하였으며, 특히 human LDL의 산화적 손상을 방어하였다. 이에 본 약물은 자유기에 의한 심혈관의 산화적 손상을 효과적으로 보호할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.131-139
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• 2011

This study was carried out to examine the stability of $Na_2CO_3-H_2O_2$ carbonate solution with aging time in the dissolving solution after oxidative dissolution of U by a carbonate solution, the Cs/Re filtrate after selective precipitation of Cs and Re (as a surrogate for Tc), and the acidification filtrate after precipitation of U by acidification, respectively. The compositions of dissolving solution were not changed with ageing time, and the selective precipitation of Re and Cs was also not affected without regard to the aging time of dissolving solution. The successive removal of Cs and Re from a carbonate dissolving solution was possible. However, the recovery yield of U by acidification was decreased with increasing the aging time of the dissolving solution and the Cs/Re-filtrate, respectively, because U was converted from the uranyl peroxocarbonato complex to the uranyltricarbonate in the solution aged for a long time. Accordingly, it is effective that a dissolving solution and a Cs/Re filtrate are treated within the aging of 7 days, respectively, in order to recover U more than 99%. On the other hand, the recovery of U was carried out in order of the oxidative dissolution of U selective precipitation of Re and Cs precipitation of U by acidification. Almost all of U and a part of FP were co-dissolved in oxidative dissolution step. Over 99% of Re and Cs from the FP co-dissolved with U could be removed by a TPPCl (tetraphenylphosphonium chloride) and a NaTPB (sodium tetraphenylborate), respectively. U was precipitated nearly 100% by acidification to pH 4. Therefore, it was confirmed that the validity of recovery of U by precipitation methods from a SF (spent fuel) in the $Na_2CO_3-H_2O_2$ solution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.144-144
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• 2016

플라즈마 전해 산화법(Plasma electrolytic oxidation)에 의해 형성된 코팅층은 특유의 기공구조로 인해 부식 환경에 노출 시 부식액의 침투가 급속히 이루어지는 단점이 있다. 이를 극복하기 위한 방법으로 유기코팅, sol-gel법, 폴리머 코팅 등에 의해 기공을 봉공(sealing)하는 방법이 제안되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Al 합금의 플라즈마 전해 산화 처리 후 질산 세륨 수용액(Cerium nitrate solution)에 의한 봉공 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. PEO 코팅을 위한 전해액은 2g/L의 KOH와 $2g/L\;Na_2SiO_3$를 증류수에 용해시켜 준비하였다. PEO 코팅층은 Al 시편을 전해액 내에 위치시켜 양극으로 하고 STS를 음극으로 하여 $0.1A/cm^2$의 펄스 정전류밀도(주파수: 100Hz, 듀티비: 20%)를 15분 동안 인가하여 형성시켰다. 봉공을 위한 실링액은 증류수에 $0.3g/L\;H_2O_2$와 $1g/L\;H_3BO_3$를 첨가하고, $Ce(NO_3)_3$를 농도 변수로 첨가하여 준비하였으며, PEO 코팅 처리된 시편을 실링액에 침지하여 실링액의 농도와 침지시간을 달리하여 봉공을 실시하였다. 제작된 PEO 코팅층에 대해 SEM, EDS, XRD를 이용한 표면분석을 실시하였으며, 내식성을 확인하고자 동전위분극시험을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 세륨 실링 처리된 PEO 코팅 층에서 미량의 세륨 성분이 검출되었으나, 세륨계 화합물 생성에 의한 마이크로 크기의 기공의 폐쇄는 관찰되지 않았다. 또한, 전기화학적 특성 평가 결과 실링 처리된 PEO 코팅층의 경우 Al 모재에 비해 2차수 정도 감소된 부식전류밀도를 나타내었다. 이 같은 내식성의 향상은 세륨 성분에 의한 부식 억제 효과 때문으로 판단된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.156-161
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the antioxidative activity on oxidation of human low density lipoprotein(LDL) of band 2 fractionated from culture broth of Streptomyces sp. BH-405. Antioxidative activity of band 2 obtained from fractionation of BH-405 culture purification was measured against $Cu^{2+}$ mediated human LDL oxidation by thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. $CuSO_4$ mediated oxidation of LDL was degraded at a much higher rate than native LDL. Band 2 at a concentration of 100 or 200 !lg/mL inhibited the oxidation of LDL induced by $CuSO_4$, The formation of conjugated dienes induced in the presence of 5 !1M CuS04 of the mouse macrophage and J744. The electrophoretic mobility of the LDL in addition of $200\mu\textrm{g}$ band 2 in the presence of $5\mu\textrm{m}$ $CuSO_4$ was lower than that of native LDL. LDL modified by copper mediated or cell mediated uptake was degraded by macrophage at much greater than native LDL, and band 2 was found as potential inhibitor of modification of 125I-labelled LDL by macrophage. phage.