• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2023.10a
• /
• pp.539-545
• /
• 2023

초거대 언어모델은 심화된 언어적 이해를 요구하는 여러 분야에 높은 영향력을 미치고 있으나, 그에 수반되는 편향성과 윤리성에 대한 우려 또한 함께 증대되었다. 특히 편향된 언어모델은 인종, 성적 지향 등과 같은 다양한 속성을 가진 개인들에 대한 편견을 강화시킬 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 편향성에 관한 연구는 대부분 영어 문화권에 한정적이며 한국어에 관한 연구 또한 한국에서 발생하는 지역 갈등, 젠더 갈등 등의 사회적 문제를 반영하지 못한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ChatGPT의 내재된 편향성을 도출하기 위해 의도적으로 다양한 페르소나를 부여하고 한국의 사회적 쟁점들을 기반으로 프롬프트 집합을 구성하여 생성된 문장의 독성을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 특정 페르소나 또는 프롬프트에 관해서는 지속적으로 유해한 문장을 생성하는 경향성이 나타났다. 또한 각 페르소나-쟁점에 대해 사회가 갖는 편향된 시각이 모델에 그대로 반영되어, 각 조합에 따라 생성된 문장의 독성 분포에 유의미한 차이를 보이는 것을 확인했다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.66 no.2
• /
• pp.127-157
• /
• 2014

The multicultural family support project provides support services to female marriage immigrants to promote their settlement in Korea and their adaptation to marital life. This study thus investigated whether utilization of such support services is indeed related to positive changes perceived among these female marriage immigrants, and these changes, in turn, contribute to less marital conflict, marital well-being, and hope. Data were drawn from a self-administered questionnaire study in which 558 female marriage immigrants participated through the 36 centers across the nation that provided multicultural family support services based on cultural relativism and a strengths perspective. Results of structural equation modeling analyses revealed that utilization of support services, as predicted, contributed to positive changes, and such changes, in turn, were directly related to less marital conflict, higher marital well-being, and hope. As expected, marital conflict was negatively associated with marital well-being, which, in turn, promoted hope. Thus, through these paths positive changes also contributed positively to both marital well-being and hope. However, when the effects of length of residence in Korea and an ability to command Korean language were controlled for, a positive significant relationship between service utilization and marital conflict was revealed. Therefore this paper discussed the ways in which positive functions of such service utilization can be strengthened while at the same time actively addressing the dysfunctional components of such support services.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.19-36
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was (a) to identify latent profiles among employed Korean mothers of third graders based on work-family conflict, work-family enrichment, work-parenting conflict, and work-parenting enrichment, (b) to examine the antecedents of profile membership at the individual, family, work, and community levels, and (c) to investigate the differences in the various psychological outcomes across the profiles. The sample of 451 married employed mothers was a subset of data from the 10th Wave of the Panel Study of Korean Children, which was collected in 2017 when the focal child was in the third grade. Our latent profile analysis suggested a three-profile model that comprised enriched (11.91%), moderate (47.85%), and mixed (40.24%) profiles. The significant antecedents of profile membership were subjective health status, the child's adjustment to school, working hours, the community's suitability for childrearing, and satisfaction with community service facilities. Regarding psychological outcomes, the levels of life satisfaction, marital satisfaction, and job satisfaction were higher in the following order: enriched, moderate, and mixed profiles. The levels of depressive symptoms were in the reverse order: mixed, moderate, and enriched profiles. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the literature on work-family interactions by considering various predictors and outcomes at multiple levels.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.59-81
• /
• 2017

This study examined the relationship of grit, goal perception and academic adjustment of adult female students in a distance university. We additionally investigated how academic work-family conflict and social support influenced the grit-adjustment relationship. Grit is defined as passion and perseverance for long-term goals and it has been known as one of the predictors of adjustment indicators including academic achievement. A total of 642 female students in a distance university were participated in the survey and a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized for data analysis. Results showed that our model fit data well, specifically, two components of grit (i.e. consistency of interest and perseverance of effort) positively predicted academic adjustment. Results from analyses of specific indirect effects revealed that consistency of interest was found to have a positive direct effect on academic adjustment while perseverance of effort had a positive indirect effect via goal perception, suggesting the discriminant predictability of grit's two components. Lastly, academic work-family conflict was found to negatively predict academic adjustment while social support predicted a positive academic adjustment via goal perception.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• no.37
• /
• pp.145-170
• /
• 2008

This qualitative study explores social workers' phenomenological experiences with battered women, including their struggles and needs for building and maintaining an empathic identification with their battered women clients. Twelve interviews were conducted with social workers who have provided services in the domestic violence field over the last two years. They identified their clients prejudices and unfamiliarity with counseling and social work profession in Korea as related to battered women clients' initial resistance to social workers' empathic engagement. The nature of victimization between intimate partners (i.e., emotional bounds, continuing risks of victimization) requires workers' enormous energy to maintain their need for an empathic identification with their clients. Social workers emphasized the importance of clinical supervision and supportive networks that enable them to maintain their professional energy and commitment as an empathic helper.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of social support on the role conflicts and marital satisfaction of dual-career commuting couples. Ninety-three dual-career commuting couples were participated in this study. The results were as follows: (1) Wives received more informational support than their husband. Wives also received more support from their family of origin. (2) For wives, instrumental support from their family of origin and friends reduced their role conflicts. (3) For both wives and husbands, wives family of origin played most important role among social network. (4) Social support from friends and colleagues had significant effects on role conflicts and marital satisfaction of dual-career commuting couples.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 2001

This study examines the impact of marital conflict and conflict-coping type on the marital satisfaction of rural married person. Data were obtained from 476 who married living in rural area. The major finding of this study are as follows. First, marital conflict were shown to be low, while in terms of degree of seriousness, envirnmental, interpersonal and intrapersonal are in descending order. Also, husband perceived marital conflict higher than wife. On the whole husband and wife used more reasoning coping type. And marital satisfaction was higher in husband's side. Second, living standard and conflict-coping types influence on marital satisfaction of rural men and women who married. That is, the higher husband perceived living standard and the less they used verbal aggression behavior and physical violence behavior and then the higher they perceived marital satisfaction. And the higher wives perceived living standard, they used more reasioning behavior and then the higher they perceived marital satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.251-252
• /
• 2017

핵 가족화, 고령화가 가속화되고 도시 독거노인 및 독신인구가 급증합에 따라, 외로움과 소외감을 극복하고 또 다른 형태의 가족적 유대감을 얻기 위하여 반려동물, 반려인들이 날로 증가하고 있다. 반려동물 문화는 급격히 발전하고 있는데 반해, 이를 지탱할 수 있는 사회나 문화적 의식과 공공 기반시설의 질적수준은 초기 단계수준이다. 반려견 소유자와 일반인들 사이에 갈등이 발생하여 관련 제도나 법에 대해 논란이 되고 있다. 갈등과 논란을 해소하며 반려동물 문화 발전에 기여하고자 본 연구는 도시 내 반려인 전용 주거 시설의 개념과 역할, 공동 주거 시설로서의 사회적 필요성을 고찰하고, 새로운 공동 집합 주거 공간의 방향을 제안한다.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.9-22
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 유치원에서의 훈육과정을 관찰하고, 이에 대한 담론을 분석함으로써 교사와 학생간의 관계 형성 과정 및 유형에 대해 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 미국에 위치한 대학부속 유치원에 재학중인 만 4세 학생 32명과 지도교사와의 대화 내용을 녹음하였으며, 지도교사와의 심층면접도 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 교사-아동간의 관계 형성 유형은 크게 친밀, 독립, 갈등적 관계의 세 유형으로 구분되었으며, 대부분의 아동들은 교사와 친밀 또는 독립적 관계를 보였다. 단지 3명의 학생이 교사와의 갈등적 관계를 보였는데, 이는 교사의 차별적 처사 때문이 아니라 교사가 긍정적인 상호작용을 시도했음에도 불구하고 학생들이 교사의 암시적인 단서를 놓치거나 무시함에 따라 부정적 상호작용이 반복되면서 발생되는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 즉 학생들의 미성숙한 사회적 기술로 인한 것이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 교사가 학생과의 갈등적 관계 형성 과정을 인지하고, 그들을 위해 명시적인 훈육방법을 제공해야할 필요성에 대해 제안하였다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.375-383
• /
• 2013

The aim of this study is to explore fathers' own expectations and experiences of fatherhood along with their views of what it meant to be a 'good' father. Qualitative methodologies were used; semi-structured in-depth interviews with 10 dual-earner fathers with young children. Interviewees overwhelmingly welcomed the opportunities offered to them by the new fatherhood model and supported a perceived cultural shift towards men and fathers being involved in, rather than detached from, family life. However tension and difficulty in living the ideal were also reported: gaps between perceptions and behaviors; struggle for traditional breadwinning role and caring; conflicts between selflessness and career and uninvolved in family decisions. Political and practical considerations are discussed, and the implications of this study for future research are identified.