• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.528-536
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a weekly teriparatide on the change in vertebral compression ratio, back pain, and vertebral fracture healing in osteoporosis patients with vertebral compression fractured induced by low energy trauma. Materials and Methods: From January 2016 to December 2017, 57 patients with severe osteoporotic vertebral fractures with a T score of -3.5 or less were included in this study. The changes in the vertebral compression ratio, visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) for at least 6 months were examined. The morphology of bone marrow edema and the presence of intervertebral cleft, osteocalcin, and N-terminal telopeptide (NTx) were also investigated. Results: The mean compression ratio was 20% in the experimental group (teripratide group) at 3 months, and 38% in the control group. A significant difference in the compression ratio of the vertebral body over time was observed (p<0.05; t-test). A comparison of the compression ratio of the vertebral body with the follow-up duration in each group showed no significant increase in the, compression (p=0.063) in the experimental group and a significant increase in the control group (p<0.05). The mean time to reach the plateau of the compression rate was one month in the experimental group and three months in the control group. The VAS score in the experimental and control group was 0.39 and 1.07 points, respectively. The ODI score in the experimental and control group was 33.72 and 39.52, respectively. At the last follow-up radiographs, there were no cases with an intervertebral cleft (0%) in the experimental group and 1 case (2.2%) in the control group. A significant difference in the osteocalcin level was observed between the injury and 6 months after the injury (p=0.003). In addition, there was no significant difference in the NTx level between the injury and 6 months after injury (p=0.960). Conclusion: In vertebral compression fractures patients with severe osteoporosis, a weekly teriparatide can promote the union of fractures, prevent further collapse of the vertebral body, and reduce the back pain faster.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2004

Purpose: Several panoramic indices have been suggested to assess bone quality from the morphology and width of mandibular cortex on panoramic radiography. The purpose of this study was to compare dental implant failure group with control group in panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and gonion index (GI) and to determine the effect of these panoramic indices on dental implant failure. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was designed. Test group (n=42) consisted of the patients who had their implants extracted because of peri-implantitis. Control group (n=139) consisted of the patients who retained their implants over one year without any pathologic changes and had been followed up periodically. They had dental implants installed in their mandibles without bone augmentation surgery from 1991 to 2001. The following measures were collected for each patients: 1) PMI, MCI, and GI were measured twice at one-week interval on preoperative panoramic views; and 2) age, sex, implant length, implant type, installed location, occluding dentition state, and complication were investigated from the chart record. Results: The PMI showed moderate level of repeatability. The intra-observer agreement of MCI and GI were good. There was statistically significant difference in PMI between two groups. There were significant different patterns of distribution of MCI and GI between two groups. Among the panoramic indices, PMI and MCI showed significant correlation with dental implant failure. Conclusion: Panoramic indices can be used as reference data in estimating bone quality of edentulous patients who are to have implants installed in their mandibles.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

Purpose : To compare cephalometric measurement between measuring methods in digital and conventional lateral cephalometric radiograph. Materials and Methods : Twenty digital and conventional lateral cephalometric radiographs were selected. In digital group, cephalometric measurements were performed manually using hardcopies and automatically using $V-Ceph^{TM}$ program on the monitor. In conventional group, the same measurements were performed manually on conventional films, and for automatic measurement conventional films were digitized by scanner. All measurements were performed twice by 4 observers, and 24 cephalometric variables were calculated and the time spent for each measurement was recorded. The differences in measurements data and the time spent for each measurement were compared within each group. Intra-observer and inter-observer comparisons were performed. Results : In both groups, no statistically significant difference between manual and automatic measurements was observed and most of the variables didn't show statistically significant differences between methods. The observer with less experience tended to show statistically significant differences of measurements between methods, and differences from other observers. The differences of measurements between methods in digital group were lesser than those of conventional group with statistical significance in 8 variables out of 24. With automatic method and in digital group, the spent time was shorter. Conclusion : With direct digital radiograph, automatic method using manually idenitified landmarks can be preferable in cephalometric analysis. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2005; 35 : 15-23)

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2006

Purpose : To investigate the validity of digital image processing on panoramic radiographs in estimating bone quality before endosseous dental implant installation by correlating bone quality in radiographic images with clinical bone quality classification. Materials and Methods : An experienced surgeon assessed and classified bone quality for implant sites with tactile sensation at the time of implant placement. Including fractal dimension eighteen morphologic features of trabecular pattern were examined In each anatomical sites on panoramic radiographs. Finally bone quality of 67 implant sites were evaluated in 42 patients. Results : Pearson correlation analysis showed that three morphologic parameters had weak linear negative correlation with clinical bone quality classification showing correlation coefficients of -0.276, -0.280, and - 0.289, respectively (p<0.05). And other three morphologic parameters had obvious linear negative correlation with clinical bone quality classification showing correlation coefficients of -0.346, -0.488, and -0.343 respectively (p<0.05). Fractal dimension also had a linear correlation with clinical bone quality classification with correlation coefficients -0.506 significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion : This study suggests that fractal and morphometric analysis using digital panoramic radiographs can be used to evaluate bone quality for implant recipient sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

Commercial analog x-ray detectors based on film cassettes have been showing problems such as with image storage and image transmission. Recently direct conversion material, photoconductor whit flat panel have been researched which generate the electron hole-pair (EHP). In this paper, we researched the electrical properties of the PbO and Lead(II) oxide PbO. film which fabricated by Particle-In-Binder(PIB) method. We compared tetragonal ${\alpha}$-PbO with orthorhombic ${\beta}$-PbO physical property. Tetragonal material was more than orthorhombic material in other paper. The solution was Poly Vinyl Butyral(PVB) in the PIB. We discussed about the sample of x-ray sensitivity, leakage current, Signal to Noise Rate and investigated SEM for the physical property of sample. We need to think more research ${\alpha}$-PbO material fabrication.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.41-50
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• 2001

Recently our nature of environment has destroyed by a large scaled forest fire. In order to manage these forest fires, forecasting of it is considered as the most important thing. In this paper the database related to forest fire was first built and the efficient forest fire information management system was implemented by using GIS. The main goal of this system is that forest fire managers have GUI(graphic user interface) to analyze data of forest fire effectively and update and retrieve information in database. For the efficient GUI, this system is built in Visual Basic 6.0 and Map Object 2.0. Map Object 2.0 is combined to have various and powerful functionality of GIS analysis as component ware. The Oracle 8.0 is used as DBMS in this study to manage all the spatial and attributed information in database effectively. In the future, this system will play a critical role as making a decision supporting system for scientific forest fire protection and help real time forest fire hazard information offers service for public welfare administration business management.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare prostate size using ultrasound and computed tomography (CT). The prostate gland was evaluated in eight normal Beagle dogs. Length, depth, and width of the prostate gland were measured by ultrasound and volume of the prostate was obtained from the two ellipsoid formula (US1, US2). Height, length, width, area, and volume of the prostate gland were measured by CT. Ratios of prostatic height, length, and width to the sixth lumbar vertebral body length were calculated. There was no significant difference between the US1 and US2 method, and between US2 and CT method, respectively. The prostatic volume calculated by US1 method was significantly lower than those with CT (p=0.029). The Upper limits of ratios of prostate length, height, and width to the length of the sixth lumbar vertebra were 1.3, 1.1, and 1.7, respectively. Among these prostate dimensions, prostate length and height could be a useful index in estimating prostate size regardless of body weight.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.145-154
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• 1988

Ixodes signatus nymphs were subjected to the scanning electron microscopy for the observation of the major physiological sense organs including the Hailer's organ. Finger prints and variable sensory setae were found on the body surface, and especially well developed setae were identified on the article IV and on the anal lobes. A central button-like organelle and numerous small holes were found in the spiracular plate. The Haller's organ was identified at the distal point of the tarsus I and regarded as the major sensory organ, chemoreceptor. Tow types of sensory setae were observed, the shorter ones in front of the organ and the longer ones in distal front as well as near behind of the organ. The fully opened organ was ellipsoidal and a total of seven basiconic sensory pegs rooted deeply and shaped as well arranged hook-like was found inside the organ.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.587-596
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• 2012

Verifying about eligibility of targeted site is necessary for execute Afforestation and Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism (A/R CDM) project which is followed by system of Kyoto protocol. The site have to be identified by which could not be in conformity with definition of forest. This study tried to propose a technology of classify for site selection of A/R CDM. We chose several parts of Yangpyeng as study area and applied LiDAR data and remotely sensed imagery for considering about tree height, degree of crown closure, and land area which 3 factors for identify forest. LiDAR data was used for offset the shortage of remotely sensed imagery that cannot perfectly determine the forest definition due to absence of 3-dimentional information, but can be obtained from LiDAR. Considering tree height, degree of crown closure, and land area simultaneously by moving window, classified fields to forest and non forest based on pixel size. As a result, 124.06 ha for suitable to doing plantation and approximately 357.02 ha are in negative. Technology that applied for analyzing will provide fundamental methodology not only site selection for A/R CDM, but will be utilized in other Kyoto protocol.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

AT(Aerial Triangulation) is the essential procedure for creating orthophoto and transforming coordinates on the photographs into the real world coordinates utilizing GCPs (Ground Control Point) which is obtained by field survey and the external orientation factors from GPS/INS as a reference coordinates. In this procedure, all of the GCPs can be collected from field survey using GPS and Total Station, or obtained from digital maps. Collecting GCPs by field survey is accurate than GCPs from digital maps; however, lots of manpower should be put into the collecting procedure, and time and cost as well. On the other hand, in the case of obtaining GCPs from digital maps, it is very difficult to secure the required accuracy because almost things at each stage in the collecting procedure should rely on the subjective judgement of the performer. In this study, the results from three methods have been compared for the accuracy assessment in order to know if the results of each case is within the allowance error: for the perceivable objects such as road boarder, speed bumps, constructions etc., 1) GCPs selection utilizing the unique LiDAR intensity value reflected from such objects, 2) using LiDAR DSM and 3) GCPs from field survey. And also, AT and error analysis have been carried out w ith GCPs obtained by each case.