• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.273-282
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• 2012

This study has estimated Gyeongju National Park's natural environment and cultural relic value in the same way and then been performed to compare the size of the value. Representative method to measure environmental property is contingent valuation methods, CVM. The variables and estimated models adopted for the calculation were same and the respondents were asked by distinguishing between the amount which they would pay to preserve the natural environment and that which they were willing to pay to preserve the cultural relics. As the result, WTP(Willing to pay), the amount that they were willing to pay to preserve the natural environment of Gyeongju National Park was 17,838 won per person and that to preserve the cultural relics appeared to be 316,248 won per person. Based on this, it was estimated that the value of the natural environment with which Gyeongju National Park provided annual visitors was 47 billion won and that the annual value of the cultural relics was 845.7 billion. If the natural environment and the cultural relics value elements are united, it can be estimated that the natural environment and cultural relic value got at the time of people's first visit to Gyeongju National Park is 334,086 won and that the annual value is 893.4 billion won. In this study, the value of the cultural relics has been estimated 18 times higher than that of the natural environment. This reason was that visitors judged that a total of 66 cultural properties including 11 national treasures, 23 treasures, 13 historic places, one historic sites and scenic spot and 18 local cultural properties, etc. which were distributed in Gyeongju National Park were worth far more than the natural environment. Based on the result of this study, the operating management plan of Gyeongju National Park should include a differentiated operation strategy through consultation with relevant experts by taking into account characteristics of the physical components.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.39-57
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• 2012

Analysis of the economic impact on Korean bioindustry companies was approached after Korea access to the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (hereinafter 'the Protocol') enters into force. Cost analysis of the economic impact is based on the size of bioindustry market, dependency ratio on genetic resources abroad, ABS (Access and Benefit Sharing) ratio for royalty ratio. Korean bioindustry companies would have had to pay extra ABS cost around 1.3-6.0 billion won for using genetic resources abroad, if the Protocol had entered into force in 2009. And this cost is estimated to be around 13.6 - 63.9 billion won in 2015. All ABS costs account only about less than 0.01% of total Korean bioindustry volume of target years. These show us that joining the Protocol will not significantly impact the bioindustry market in Korea. If the Protocol enters into force, genetic resources users have to pay PIC (Prior Informed Consent) and MAT (Mutually Agreed Terms) cost before accessing the genetic resources outside of their country, regardless of the accession status of the country. This ABS costs and terms on provided genetic resources will be determined by compliance between genetic resources users and providers. As a genetic resources provider, Korean bioindustry companies will have advantage over technology transfer agreements, royalties, licensing agreements, and taxes on profits from patents including traditional knowledge. Also, Korean bioindustry companies are expected to get various socio-economic benefits such as patent litigation and regulatory proceedings as a genetic resources provider. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of the Protocol that Korean bioindustry companies will face together, the socio-economic impact of the Nagoya Protocol on Korean bioindustry companies is negligible regardless of the accession status of Korea to the Nagoya Protocol.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.704-713
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• 2016

Recently, the value and the status of the body that are due to the mobile wearable device have attracted attention globally confusing in media convergence age. The mobile wearable device connect worldwide that are networked to overcome the limitations of space and time, also it provide a great opportunity to be able to us to open a new cultural experience and value to the populace. In this study, spatial information acquired by the virtual reality 360 degrees camera around the Gangnam station. Also, extended spatial experience performed by use of virtual reality headset, smart phone connected to the Youtube platform. Sense of body can also lose its value due to voyeurism, it is facing the transformational period in civilization. In conclusion, through deep research into the intersections of technology and a human being for the future, maintaining the proper balance is the key. Therefore, this study identified the need for interdisciplinary research.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.464-469
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• 2007

환경개선용수의 비용 부담방법과 부담주체를 결정하는 것은 환경개선용수의 효율적 이용과 관리의 핵심적인 요소이다. 환경개선용수의 비용부담 방법은 공공부담, 수익자부담 및 원인자부담이 있다. 그런데, 비용부담 방법은 환경개선용수의 공급에 대한 댓가를 어떠한 형태로 지불받을 것인가? 환경개선용수의 수익자는 누구인가? 그리고 환경개선용수를 어떤 시각에서 바라 볼 것인지에 따라 달라지게 된다. 즉, 환경개선용수가 순수한 공공재로서 당연히 국가가 제공하여야 하는 기본 서비스인지 아니면 일반 재화나 서비스와 같이 수익자 부담원칙에 의거 수요자가 부담해야 하는지, 또는 공공재와 사적재의 양면성을 고려해 공공부담과 수익자부담을 같이 고려하는 형태가 바람직한 지에 대한 검토를 필요로 한다. 아울러, 환경개선용수의 수익자를 설정하는 문제에 있어서는 수요자가 특정한 목적을 위해 물을 사용하는 특정 사업자인지, 아니면 공익적인 측면에서 불특정 다수를 대신하여 환경개선용수를 수요하는 수요자인지에 따라 수익자가 달라지기 때문에 이에 대한 구분도 필요하다. 환경개선용수의 부담방법을 정할 때 수원(水源)을 기준으로 판단하여야 한다. 환경개선용수의 수원으로는 다목적댐, 하수처리장, 빗물, 농업용 저수지, 지하수 및 기타 하천수로 구분할 수 있다. 아울러 비용부담 범위가 물에 대한 부담에 한정하는지 아니면 환경개선용수를 수익지까지 공급하기 위한 공급시설에 대한 부담인지도 명확히 할 필요가 있다. 환경개선용수는 생활 공업용수 등과 같이 하천수를 특정 용도에 사용하는 것이기 때문에 특정 이용자가 국가에 하천수 사용허가를 얻어 이용하는 것으로 수익자가 비용을 부담하는 것을 원칙으로 하는 것이 가장 바람직하다. 왜냐하면 환경개선용수의 확보가 하천관리청의 의무가 되는 경우에는 하천의 물이 공유재산화 됨으로써 나타나는 '공유재산의 비극'(Tragedy of the Commons)을 초래하기 때문이다. 다만, 비용부담의 정도에 있어서는 다른 요인이 고려될 필요가 있다. 원칙적으로 하천의 자연적 기능을 유지하는데 필요한 유량은 하천관리청의 의무이므로 공공부담으로 하고 인위적 기능을 유지하는데 필요한 유량은 수익자 또는 원인자부담이 바람직하다. 이러한 기본 원칙에 따르면, 환경개선용수는 수익자부담 또는 원인자부담이 주(主)원칙이고 공공부담은 부(副)원칙이다. 본 연구는 환경개선용수의 확보 및 공급에 따른 비용부담 원칙에 대한 기준을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.59-66
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• 2012

In daily life if a condoler receive a notice of a person's death who he/she know, he/she generally have the deepest regret and offer condolence money. Also an enterpriser or private chairman send a floral tribute. But it has some problem to occur a abuse according in reuse and an environmental pollution in process of trash. In this paper it is suggested an business model for the condolence service using images, floral tributes and letters of condolence made of images, in the funeral place which is an alternation to reduce the problem. And it is structured and implemented a service model that displays floral tributes made of dynamic images to a large monitor installed on wall in condoler room of funeral place. As a result it is showed that a service of floral tributes made of images may be realized to be given web site of servicing images for the condolence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.446-456
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• 2010

Environmental sculptures not only play a part as various cultural facilities but also symbolize local unique culture beyond the limit of functional role. Therefore subway environmental sculptures not only should be approached in terms of public installations and beauty but also should be designed to meet the needs of subway users appropriately. In order to find out what subway users think about environment sculptures installed in subway stations, the factors that can evaluate awareness and preference for environment sculptures and visual image of environment sculptures were examined and analyzed. Positive elements have been shown with regard to environment sculptures but it was judged that visual quality of subway environment can be improved more if environment sculptures keep in harmony with the characteristics of stations.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.205-214
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• 2019

In Korea, the first-price sealed bid auction and the constrained mean-price sealed bid auction(buchal-je in Korean) have been used alternatively as procurement auctions. In this paper, we characterize the constrained mean-price sealed bid auction in the context of mechanism design. We consider the general ?-bidder case in which each bidder has private information. Under the assumptions of uniformly distributed valuations and linear strategies, we derive the equilibrium of the constrained mean-price sealed bid auction. Furthermore, we analyze the efficiency and the expected revenue of this auction mechanism in comparison with the first-price sealed bid auction. Finally, we conclude with the critical remarks on the practical intention of the government which uses this auction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.356-366
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• 2014

The purpose of this research was to identify the relationships between attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention and safer sexual behavior in experienced university students of sexual intercourse. The research participants were 388 students of university in Seoul. Considering the extremely private and sensitive topic of this research, data collection was performed through online and mobile media from April 1 to 14, 2013. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 Programs. As a results, safer sexual behavior had a meaningful relationship with subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention of safer sexual behavior. Based on these results, it is suggested that the results the of this research are used to develop nursing intervention strategies for the promotion of sexual health, such as sex education programs or sex counseling programs targeting university students.

• School Mathematics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.523-533
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• 2007

This article focused the meaning of Pythagoras' and Euclid's proof about the Pythagorean theorem in a historical and mathematical perspective. Pythagoras' proof using similarity is based on the arithmetic assumption about commensurability. However, Euclid proved the Pythagorean theorem again only using the concept of dissection-rearrangement that is purely geometric so that it does not need commensurability. Pythagoras' and Euclid's different approaches to geometry have to do with Birkhoff's axiom system and Hilbert's axiom system in the school geometry Birkhoff proposed the new axioms for plane geometry accepting real number that is strictly defined. Thus Birkhoff's metrical approach can be defined as a Pythagorean approach that developed geometry based on number. On the other hand, Hilbert succeeded Euclid who had pursued pure geometry that did not depend on number. The difference between the proof using similarity and dissection-rearrangement is related to the unsolved problem in the geometry curriculum that is conflict of Euclid's conventional synthetical approach and modern mathematical approach to geometry.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.317-326
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• 2010

Recently, in contemporary society, because of the international economic crisis and the increase of unemployment, there are dangerous crime elements that threaten the safety of citizen. The Safety from the crime is important as much as existence of need. Therefore, in order to make the safety of community, the government needs to make the best effort. In everyday life, crime is the fear of the target. Therefore, if the government can not solve the crime problem, the quality of citizen's life can not improve. In order to safety of community, this study is the one of the crime prevention diagnosis about shopping district and shopping mall. Also, this study can apply to the policy. If this study can apply to the policy, the safety of citizen's life will be protecting. The content of this study consist of introduction in chapter 1, theoretical consideration in chapter 2, foreign crime prevention diagnosis evaluation in chapter 3, crime prevention diagnosis in chapter 4 and conclusion in chapter 5.