• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1125-1131
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between quadriceps composition and its functional contractility in obese and nonobese elderly individuals. Thirty-four ($70{\pm}2yr$) individuals (obese, n=21; nonobese, n=13) participated in the study. The thigh composition was assessed with a CT scan, and its functional contractility was measured with an isotonic dynamometer. Variables were analyzed with a $2{\times}2$ two-way ANOVA and a contrast test (p<0.05). There were no between-group differences in the subjects' ages and heights, but individuals in the obese group were approximately 23% heavier and had 18% more fat than those in the nonobese group, regardless of gender. The total thigh volume of the obese elderly was greater (~29%) than that of the nonobese elderly, regardless of gender, and the fat volume (~39%) of the obese elderly was greater than that of the nonobese elderly, regardless of gender (p<0.05). Interestingly, the obese elderly tended to have a greater thigh muscle volume (~17% for males [p<0.05] and ~10% for females) than the nonobese. Despite the greater muscle volume, the peak knee extensor torque of the two groups was comparable or slightly greater in the obese individuals. However, when this was normalized by the total thigh volume, the nonobese males showed significantly greater peak torque (~26% for right and ~20% for left; p<0.05) compared to the obese males. The nonobese females also showed greater peak torque (~8% for both legs) than the obese females after normalization, but the result was not statistically significant. In conclusion, although the obese elderly individuals had greater quadriceps muscle mass than the nonobese, the normalized peak torque of the obese was significantly lower than that of the nonobese, implying a lower degree of muscle contractility.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.698-703
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of wine and different meat bones added in brown sauce. Four kinds of brown sauce were prepared to find the changes of physiochemical characteristics, such as pH, $\alpha$-amylase activity, color, viscosity and microorganisms in brown sauce during storage at 4$\^{C}$. The pH of 4 kinds of brown sauce ranged from 5.0 to 5.6, and these pH ranges were stable during storage period. The activity of $\alpha$-amylase was the highest in the brown sauce made with wine and some of chicken bones and the sauces stored for 2 ∼ 6 days. The brown sauce made with wine and some of chicken bones had 35.5% of reducing sugar, which was the highest among 4 kinds of brown sauce, and had the darkest color. Also the brown sauce with wine and some of chicken bones shooed low values of L, a, b after storage and the lowest viscosity among 4 kinds of brown sauce. But they all tended to have higher viscosity during storage, especially two days after. The sauce made with wine and some of chicken bones showed the least change of viscosity and the addition of wine in the sauce appeared to inhibit the microbial growth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.425-429
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• 2006

본 연구는 VGIS(Virtual Geographic Information System)을 이용, 환경친화적인 도로건설을 위해 실제 좌표를 사용하므로 3차원 도로의 선형과 구조물을 설계하였다. 그리고 시공 중에 발생 할 수 있는 민원문제 및 설계변경 시 효율적인 의사결정 할 수 있도록 하였다. 대상지역은 전라남도 장흥군의 최대 역점사업인 관광을 테마로 한 정남진 가는 길을 컨셉으로 한 '가고 싶은 길', '보고싶은 다리', 기억하고픈 터널'을 주제로 설계하였으며 명실공히 남도의 새로운 관광명소가 될 자연관광도로가 될 것으로 기대된다. 기존의 3차원 설계에서는 평면적인 선형과 구조물의 형상을 이해하는데 상당한 시간이 소요되었지만, 구조물을 3차원으로 설계함으로써, 비전문가라도 구조물을 쉽게 파악 할 수 있었다. 그리고 3차원 설계는 기존 구조물과 신설될 구조물 사이에 공사 중 발생할 수 있는 환경 및 민원문제를 사전에 파악할 수 있었다. 또한, 실제와 같이 구현된 도로와 구조물의 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기존의 각종 의사 결정에 있어 보다 시각적 효과를 증진시켜 효율적인 의사결정을 가능하게 하였다. 본 연구에서는 실제 평면 설계에 쓰이는 좌표값을 3차원설계에 적용하였다. 도로 노선 및 경관분석에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 보이며 VGIS를 이용하므로 도시계획, 식물, 토양. 수로 또는 도로형태, 홍수계획 등 많은 일들이 평가에 사용된다. 여기서는 구조물 3차원 설계에 관한 기초적인 연구를 시행하였으며, 3차원설계를 통해 의사결정시 효율적인 판단을 할 수 있었고, 환경 친화적 시공 및 설계에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 될 것으로 판단된다.안전관리를 위해 채석장에 안전표지판을 설치하여야 하며, 실내가공 작업장의 자동이동시스템을 작업별로 채색하여 식별을 용이하게 하여야 하겠다. 또한 이 연구 결과를 영세사업장의 산업간호프로그램인 'Clean 3D'사업에서 적용하여 우리나라 채석사업장 근로자 건강관리를 발전시켜야 하겠다. 확장기 혈압에서 RZS와 DAD의 일치도와 평균을 중심으로 더 넓게 퍼져있어 낮은 일치도를 보였으며 또 DAD와 RMS의 혈압치는 숫자 선호도를 볼 수 있는데 특히 RMS는 더 뚜렷하게 나타났는데 확장기 혈압의 최빈치(30.6)는 100mmHg이었다. 혈압치들이 가장 가까이 "0"점으로 치우쳐져 있었다. RZS의 Central tendency는 DAD와 RMS보다 뚜렷하였다. 결론적으로 RZS는 이 연구목적으로 가장 적절함을 보여준다.청소년들의 학교급식에 대한 만족도를 높이기 위해서 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 먼저, 학교급식에 대한 식단 작성 시 학생들이 학교에서 제공되기 원하는 식단에 대한 의견을 받고 그 의견에 대한 결과를 게시하여 학생들이 제공되기 원하는 식단을 급식 시 제공하여 학생들이 식단선택에 동참할 수 있는 기회를 주는 것이 바람직하겠다. 또한 영양사는 학급의 반대표와의 정기적인 모임을 가짐으로서 학생들의 불만사항 및 개선 요구사항에대해 서로 의견을 교환하여 설문지조사가 아닌 직접적인 대화를 하여 문제점을 파악하고자 하는 적극적인 자세가 필요하겠다. 특히 아침식사의 결식 빈도가 높았고 이는 급식성과에 부정적인 영향을 줄 뿐 아니라 학교에서 제공하는 음식의 섭취정도에도 영향을 주고 있으므로 학생들에게 학부모와 전담교사 및 학교영양사는 학생들

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.721-738
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to create landslide vulnerability using frequency ratio (FR) and evidential belief functions (EBF) model which are two methods of probability model and to select appropriate model for each region through comparison of results in Sacheon-myeon and Jumunjin-eup of Gangneung. 762 locations in Sacheon-myeon and 548 landscapes in Jeonju-eup were constructed based on the interpretation of aerial photographs. Half of each landslide point was randomly selected for modeling and remaining landslides were used for verification purposes. Twenty landslide-inducing factors classified into five categories such as topographic elements, hydrological elements, soil maps (1:5,000), forest maps (1:5,000), and geological maps (1:25,000) were considered for the preparation of landslide vulnerability in the study. The relationship between landslide occurrence and landslide inducing factors was analyzed using FR and EBF models. The two models were then verified using the AUC (curve under area) method. According to the results of verification, the FR model (AUC = 81.2%) was more accurate than the EBF model (AUC = 78.9%) at Jeonjun-eup. In the Sacheon-myeon, the EBF model (AUC = 83.6%) was more accurate than the FR model (AUC = 81.6%). Verification results show that FR model and EBF model have high accuracy with accuracy of around 80%.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.381-392
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• 2002

This study attempted to indentify changeability of the factorial structure of kinematic analysis in bowling. Subjects of group composed of three groups : Higher bowers who are national representative bowers with 200 average point and one pro-bowler. Middle bowlers who are three common persons with 170 average points. Lower bowler who are three common persons with 150 average points. Motion analysis on throw motion in three groups respectively has been made through three-dimension cinematography using DLT method. Two high-speed video camera at operating 180 and 60 frame per secondary. T-test factorial structure analysis has been used to define variable relations. It was concluded that : 1. The difference of x1, x2, x4, x8, x9, x11, x12, x13 where significant between two group. 2. The difference of number of spin and angle of the back-hand where statistically significant between two group(p<.001, p<.05) 3. The correlation over r=.5 between the kinematic data x1, x2, x3, x9, x10, x11. In the rotation loading matrix Factor 1 was x1, x2, x9, x10 and Factor 2 relates to x3, x11. 4. In order to obtain the factor score as follow as ; Factor 1 = (0.248)X1 + (0.265)X2 + (-0.074)X3 + (0.259)X9 + (0.259)X10 + (-0.025)X11 Factor 2=(-0.016)X1 + (-0.055)X2 + (0.84)X3 + (-0.013)X9 + (-0.007)X10 + (0.553)X11.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 1992

It is ideal thing to compensate tissue deficit without skin contamination in curvatured irradiation field of high energy photon beam. The 3-dimensional compensating technique utilizing tissue equivalent materials to ensure an adequate dose distribution and skin sparing effect was described. This compensator was made of paraffin ($70\%$) and stearin wax ($30\%$) compound. The parameters for evaluation of the effect on skin dose in application of compensator were considered in the size of the field, the thickness of the compensator and the source-to-axis distance. The results are as follows; the skin doses were not changed even though application of the compensator, but depended on the field size and the source-to-axis distance, and the skin doses were only slightly changed within $1\%$ relative errors as increasing the thickness of the compensator in these experiments.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.439-449
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• 2005

Distributed main memory database management systems (DMM-DBMSs) store the database in main memories of the participating sites. They provide high performance through fast access to the local databases and high speed communication among the sites. Recently, a lot of research results on DMM- DBMSs has been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no known research result on the performance of the catalog management schemes for DMM-DBMSs. In this work, we evaluated the performance of the partitioned catalog management schemes through experimental analysis. First, we classified the partitioned catalog management schemes into three categories : Partitioned Catalogs Without Caching (PCWC), Partitioned Catalogs With Incremental Caching (PCWIC), and Partitioned Catalogs With Full Caching (PCWFC). Experiments were conducted by varying the number of sites, the number of terminals per site, buffer size, write query ratio, and local query ratio. Experiments show that PCWFC outperforms the other two schemes in all cases. It also means that the performance of PCWIC gradually increases as time goes by. It should be noted that PCWFC does not guarantee high performance for disk-based distributed DBMSs in cases when the workload of individual site is high, catalog write ratio is high, or remote data objects are accessed very frequently. Main reason that PCWFC outperforms for DMM-DBMSs is that query compilation and remote catalog access can be done in a very high speed, even when the catalogs of the remote data objects are frequently updated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.237-247
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• 2011

As of 2011, 72 Permanent GPS Stations are installed to control DGPS reference points by the National Geographic Information Institute in South Korea. As the center of the Earth's mass continues to move, the coordinates of the permanent GPS stations become inconsistent over time. Thus, a reference frame using a set of coordinates and their velocities of a global network of stations at a specific period has been used to solve the inconsistency. However, the relative movement of the permanent GPS stations can lower the accuracy of GPS relative positioning. In this research, we first analyzed the data collected daily during the past 30 months at the 40 permanent GPS stations within South Korea and the 5 IGS permanent GPS stations around the Korean Peninsula using a global network adjustment. We then calculated the absolute and relative amount of movement of the GPS permanent stations. We also identified the optimum renewal period of the permanent GPS stations considering the accuracy of relative GPS surveying. Finally, we developed a Korean a Korean crustal movement model that can be used to improvement of accuracy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3538-3547
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• 2010

As Telepresence has emerged as a key collaboration tool for supporting trade business, the need for using Telepresence has also been increased in the foreign countries. In this context, we has studied an exploratory research to analyze how staffs-in-charges of trade support authority, exhibition & convention center and SME(Small and Medium-Size Enterprise) perceive the general concept of Telepresence, the necessity, feasibility, business values and expected problems of Telepresence's adoption and use. The finding indicated that there seemed to be significant differences between the necessity and the feasibility of Telepresence adoption and use. In addition, they were anticipating some problems when building Telepresence. Major reasons are incompatibility between Telepresence systems, lack of usability and difficulties of fixing a rental fee. The results of the perception analysis also showed that Telepresence would positively influence on creating business value. The analysis revealed that the core factors of the successful adoption and use of Telepresence are stable network environment, awareness and accessability, and education and promotion. Through the perception analysis, I came up with the core factors to implement Telepresence successfully and use it properly. And the fact that I presented the guideline to build Telepresence for SME makes this study meaningful.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.247-257
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• 1996

This is a preliminary report on the first segment of a continuing and prospective teaming disorder study project in Korea. Study subjects were 197 children, aged between 6 and 15 referred for psychiatric evaluation of scholastic problems. Demographic data, psychiatric diagnoses and intelligence and achievement test results were reviewed and analyzed. Analyses of data lead to the following conclusions : (1) About 20.8% of children referred for scholastic problems were diagnosed of teaming disorder(LD). The most prevalent diagnosis among these children with scholastic problem was emotional disorder, especially depressive disorder(33%), (2) The comorbid rate of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) of 41 children with LD was 44%, (3) Male/female ratio was 5.8:1 among all of the LD children, 17:1 among children with LD and ADHD and 3.6:l among children with LD but without ADHD, (4) 83% of children with LD scored above middle level on socioeconomic status(SES), (5) Age, SES, IQ, family psychiatric history, past history of medical and psychiatric illness, onset of age, pattern of peer relationship, number of friends, presence of adaptation problem and academic achievements of children with LD and ADHD compared to those of children with LD but without ADHD. No significant differences between two groups were found on age, SES, IQ, family psychiatric history, past history of medical and psychiatric illness, pattern of peer relationship, number of friends and presence of adaptation problem. However, there were significant differences in academic achievements of Korean language total, speaking and listening score, arithmetic score, social science score and music score of children with LD and ADHD compared to those of children with LD but without ADHD. Also there was an ealier onset of age in LD and ADHD group when compared to LD but without ADHD group.