• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.205-213
• /
• 1996

본 연구에서는 남자대학생 80명을 대상으로 총 식이섬유 및 조섬유와 영양소 섭취상태를 비교 분석하였다. 남자대학생들의 평균 총 식이섬유 섭취량은 $20.54\pm5.82g으로$ 외국의 잠정적 권장량의 범위(20~30g)에는 들었으나 권장량의 하한치를 약간 상회하는데 그쳤다. 조섬유의 1일 평균 섭취량은 $8.43\pm5.56g으로$ 1일 식이섬유 섭취량의 약 41%에 해당하였으며 그 외 열량 및 다른 영양소의 평균 섭취량은 한국인 영양권장량과 비슷하거나 다소 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 총 식이섬유 섭취량과 에너지 및 단백질, 당질, 그리고 조섬유의 섭취량 간에는 유의적인 상관관계를 보였으며, 당질이 가장 높은 상관계수(r=0.7232, p<0.001)를 보였다. 또한 조사 대학생들의 총 식이섬유 섭취량과 식품군별 섭취량과의 상관관계수를 보인 것은 채소류 (r=0.6548, p<0.001)였으며 그 다음은 곡류(0.5913, p<0.001)였으며 그 다음은 곡류(0.5913, p<0.001), 해조류(0.3300, p<0.01)였다. 조사 대학생들의 식이섬유 섭취량 중 총식이섬유 급원으로 가장 많이 섭취한 식품은 쌀과 김치였으며, 각각 총 식이섬유 섭취량의 11.98%와 7.64%에 기여하였다. 그 외 학생들이 많이 섭취한 라면, 고춧가루, 냉면, 빵, 콩나물, 밀가루, 깍두기, 무 등이 주요한 식이섬유 급원으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 남자대학생들의 식이섬유 섭취량은 외국의 잠정적 권장량의 범위(20~30g)에 속하였으나 충분한 양을 섭취하고 있는 것은 아니었으며, 오히려 경제수준의 향상으로 인한 식습관의 변화에 민감하게 반응하는 젊은 세대들인 조사대학생들의 장래 식이섬유 소비량은 더욱 감소할 것으로 추정된다. 그러므로 식이섬유 급원식품의 섭취를 증가시키는 방안이 모색될 필요가 있다. 따라서 성인기에 식이섬유 부족으로 나타나는 각종 질병의 위험을 예방하기 위해 정백비 위주의 식사를 지양하고 총 식이섬유 함량이 높은 해조류의 섭취를 널리 교육시키는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 보다 광범위하고 체계적인 대상자 선정을 통하여 식이섭취조사가 이루어져 식이섬유 섭취패턴을 연구할 필요가 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 1999.07a
• /
• pp.228-233
• /
• 1999

소와 같은 반추위동물은 사료 중 섬유질의 양과 질이 적당하였을 때 건물섭취량과 에너지 섭취량이 최고에 달하고 반추위내의 발효가 정상이 되어 유지방율이 유지 또는 향상되고 분만 후의 각종 질병을 예방할 수 있게 된다. 따라서 양질의 조사료에 의한 충분한 섬유질의 공급은 낙농산업에서 매우 중요한 문제가 되고 있다. 하지만 국내의 조사료 급여비가 40%를 넘지 못하고 국내산 조사료의 생산이 부족하여 다량의 사료를 수입에 의존하는 상황에서 양질의 조사료 확보에 대한 축산 농가의 요구는 절대적이라 하겠다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.367-370
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 콜레스테롤을 제거한 우유에 미세캡슐 키토올리고당을 첨가한 랫트 사료의 섭취량에 따른 체중 증가량, 총 콜레스테롤의 함량과 중성지질, HDL-cholesterol의 함량 변화를 연구하였다. 이 미세캡슐 키토올리고당을 SD 랫트에 매일 섭취시킨 결과HDL-cholesterol의 증가가 높게 나타났다. 본 실험에서, 혈중콜레스테롤 저하 기능이 있는HDL-cholesterol 수치가 증가하는 결과를 나타내므로 혈중 콜레스테롤 저하 기능성 우유로서의 기능이 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.304-312
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of total neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and forage-derived NDF (fNDF) on nutrient intake and milk production in Holstein dairy cows. Thirty-six Holstein dairy cows at weeks 4 to 20 of lactation were included in this study. The cows were arranged in a randomized complete block design and assigned to one of six diets: 1) 38% NDF with 18% fNDF (HN-HF); 2) 38% NDF with 15% fNDF (HN-MF); 3) 38% with 12% fNDF (HN-LF); 4) 34% NDF with 18% fNDF (LN-HF); 5) 34% NDF with 15% fNDF (LN-MF); and 6) 34% with 12% fNDF (LN-LF). The cows were fed a total mixed ration twice daily (07:00 and 18:00 h) and given ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the experiment. Data on the intake of nutrients (DM, NEl, CP, NDF, fNDF, NFC), milk yield, composition, fat-corrected milk (FCM), fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM), and energy corrected milk (ECM) were analyzed. Lower dietary concentrations of total NDF or fNDF resulted in an increase in DM, NEl, and NFC intake (p<0.01), milk yield (p<0.05) and a lower milk fat concentration (p<0.01). The LN treatment showed no significant differences in milk fat concentration compared to the HN however, further reduction in fNDF decreased milk fat content (p<0.01). The lowest level of milk fat was observed in the LN-LF diet group. Changes in the dietary concentrations of NDF or fNDF did not affect the concentrations of milk protein or SNF (solid not fat), although the yield of milk protein and SNF increased with higher milk yield (p<0.01). The level of fNDF influenced the level of FCM (p=0.07), as well as FPCM and ECM yield (p<0.05). A highly positive correlation between fNDF intake and milk fat concentration was observed in animals with low NDF compared to those offered high NDF. A strong correlation was also observed between milk yield and low NDF intake compared to high NDF intake.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2002

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of nutrient level and feeding method of split diets for a.m. and p.m. on laying hen performance, feed cost and eggshell quality. In experiment 1, 384 ISA Brown layers of 30∼38wk of age were assigned to four treatments which comprise of three replicates each containing 32 birds. The control(C) was fed a conventional single diet throughout the day and split diet groups(T1, T2 and T3) were offered high energy/protein-low Ca diets, and low energy/protein-high Ca diets in a.m.(04:00∼15:00) and p.m.(15:00∼21:00), respectively. In the split diet groups, daily ME and CP consumption, and feed cost were significantly reduced(P<0.05) compared to the C, while the hen-day egg production, average egg weight and daily feed intake were not different among treatments. Due to the reduced daily ME and CP intakes and feed cost, the conversions of feed, ME, CP and feed cost required per day and per kg egg mass were also significantly improved(P<0.05) in the split diet groups. Eggshell qualities (egg specific gravity, egg breaking strength and eggshell thickness) were improved(P<0.05) by split diet feeding. As the Ca level of the p.m. diet increased. In Experiment 2, 384 ISA Brown layers of 50∼58 wk of age were used in three treatments and each treatment was represented by four replicates each containing 32 birds. The control(C) was fed a conventional single diet throughout the day and split diet group(T1) was offered high energy/protein-low Ca diets, and low energy/protein-high Ca diets in a.m.(04:00∼l5:00) and p.m.(15:00∼21:00), respectively. T2 group was fed the diet mixed (50:50) with the a.m. diets in mash and p.m. diet in pellet used T1 group. In T1 and T2 groups, daily feed intake and average egg weight were significantly reduced(P<0.05) compared to the C, while the hen-day egg production was not influenced by the feeding system. Daily ME and CP consumption, and feed cost were reduced(p.0.05), and the conversions of ME, CP and feed cost required per egg were also significantly improved(P<0.05) in T1 and T2, while the conversions of feed, ME, CP and feed cost required per kg egg mass were not different to the C. Eggshell qualities of T1 and T2 were improved(P<0.05) compared to the others. It was concluded the feed and nutrients consumption, feed cost per day or per kg egg mass could be reduced by introducing split diets for a.m. and p.m. and the feeding method of mixed diet of split diets were also convenient and effective for sparing feed cost and improvement of eggshell quality.

• Feed Journal
• /
• v.5 no.3 s.43
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2007

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.727-738
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of essential amino acid(EAA) deficient diets on short-term feeding response and the Fos expression in brain area when methionine deficiency diet fed, and thereby to know the mechanism of feed intake regulation. In all trials, experimental diets were formulated with pure amino acid mixture to level of 15% nitrogen. Rats were adapted to a 6-hr single-meal feeding per day(17:00${\sim}$21:00). Feed intake and body weight were monitored every hour after 7-day of feeding of individual EAA deficient diets in Exp. Ⅰ. In Exp. Ⅱ, Fos immuno- histochemistry was determined in various regions of brain to identify the regions that is related to suppressed feed intake following feeding methionine-deficient diet. Fos expression was examined to know the initial sensitive region in the brains of rats at 3h after feeding of the control and methionine deficient diet(-Met). Initial response to EAA deficiency diets was severely depressed in methionine deficiency diet, but the depression was low in threonine deficiency diet. However, the feed intake at 3rd day in rats was depressed in the order of His(71%), Leu(68%), Ile(66%), Thr(63%), Trp(61%), Val(55%), Phe(52%), Met(51%), Lys(44%) and Arg(24%). Fos immunoreaction in neural regions(PPC, amygdala and EPC) of pyrifrom cortex was increased in the -Met group more than in the control diet group, but those in LH, VMH and PVM were similar. Thus, based on these data, the PPC was identified as the initial response area in the -EAA diet.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1987

Three experiments were conducted to investigate effects of dietary energy and protein levels on performance of laying hens. A total of 360 hens each of 352-day old Manina Brown (Exp.1), 280-day old Brown Warren (Exp.2) or 3174ay old Brown Warren (Exp.3) was divided into 20 pens of 18 birds. Each pen was assigned to one of the four dietary treatments with 5 replications according to a 2${\times}$2 factorial design, consisting of all possible cominations of two levels of metabolizable energy (2,500 and 2,800 kcal/kg of diet) and two levels of crude Protein (13 and 16%). All hens were housed two birds per cage. Exp.1 and 2 were conducted for four weeks and hens were fed experimental diets ad libitum, and Exp.3 lasted two weeks and feed consumption was restricted to 130g/hen/day. In Exp.1 and 2, increasing either energy or protein level in the diet numberically improved egg production. However, in Exp. 3, where feed consumption was restricted, egg Production was affected significantly 〈0.05) by the energy levies and numerically by the protein levels. Neither protein nor energy level influenced egg weight in Exp. 1 and 2, but in Exp. 3 the higher level of energy improved egg weight numerically, In all three experiments increasing either protein or energy level increased egg mass. Higher levels of either protein and energy tended to decrease feed consumption and improve feed conversion rate numerically. It should also be noted that the higher level of energy improved egg mass produced per unit intake of protein and the higher level of Protein improved egg mass produced per unit intake of energy.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.260-266
• /
• 2020

Alcohol impacts many central nervous systems, such as dopamine, serotonin, opioids, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), leading to addiction. Many studies have investigated the relationship between GABA and alcoholism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GABA high and low rice intake on the alcohol intake behavior of mice. Black sticky rice with giant embryo (BSRGE), black sticky rice (BSR), giant embryo rice (GER), and rice (Rice) were germinated for 48 hr in brown rice. The embryos were then collected and used in the study. The diets were fed to respective C57BL/6 mouse groups ad libitum for 16 days and investigated for 2 hr alcohol intake, 22 hr water intake, 24 hr feed intake, and body weight. As a result of the repeated measure of ANOVA for the daily change of alcohol intake for 2 hr daily between the BSRGE and BSR groups, there was a significant difference in the number of days of intake (DF = 7, F = 4.812, p = 0.026). A significant daily decrease in alcohol intake was observed in the BSRGE group compared to the BSR group. This reduction was consistent from Day 10 to Day 16. Alcohol consumption also significantly decreased in the GER group compared to the Rice group. This decrease was observed from Day 12 to Day 16. In conclusion, BSRGE and GER resulted in decreased alcohol intake in C57BL/6 mice compared to BSR and rice. This suggests that BSRGE may prevent relapse in patients with alcohol use disorder.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2010

This experiment was carried out to estimate the nutritive value of mixed-sowing winter forage crop and whole crop barley by investigating the effects of feeding mixed-sowing winter forage crop and whole crop barley in KBG (Korean black goat) on feed intake, average daily body weight gain, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention. The 12 male KBG were divided into four experimental groups - i.e. T1: barley silage added group, T2: mixed-sowing hairy vetch silage added group, T3: mixed-sowing field peas added silage, T4: mixed-sowing Italian rye grass added silage group. Three KBG per each treatment were allotted into individual metabolic cages by Latin-square design. The results from this study are as follow. The DMI (dry matter intake) and organic matter intake in T4 were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in T1 and T3 and crude protein intake in T4 also recorded the highest among treatments (p<0.05). The highest values in intakes of ADF and NDF were observed in T4 followed by T2, T1 and T3 in order. The average daily body weight gains in T4 and T2 were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in TI and T3. The dry and organic matter digestibility in T2 and T4 were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in T1 and T3. The crude protein digestibility in T1 was significantly (p<0.05) lower than those in T2 and T4. The nitrogen intakes in T2 and T4 were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in T3. The results obtained from this study suggested that the feeds supplemented with whole crop barley with hairy vetch and Italian rye grass mixture silage increased KBG productivity resulted from increases in feed intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention.