• The monthly packaging world
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• s.151
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• pp.125-146
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• 2005

세정제, 접착제 등 각종 화학생활용품은 음용하거나 흡입할 경우 중독 등의 위해가 우려되며, 특히 어린이의 안전 확보가 요구되고 있다. 2002년 국민건강보험 심사평가원 자료에 따르면 중독사고로 인한 병원 진료건수는 연간 8,300여건인 것으로 조사됐으며 사망자수도 연간 8.8명에 이른 것으로 나타났다. 소비자보호원에 따르면 서울 등 5대 도시에 거주하는 629가구에 대한 실태조사 결과 13.2%가 중독사고 경험, 91%가 "어린이보호포장" 도입을 희망하고 있는 바, 지난 달 22일부터 어린이보호포장이 의무도입됐다. 본고에서는 어린이보호포장의 올바른 정착을 위해 법안에 대해 살펴본다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 1997

최근에 이르러 자동차의 대수는 급격히 증가해 왔다. 이런 경향성의 결과로 나타난 교통사고의 인적 및 물질적인 손실이 최악의 상태에 이르른 것이 사실상 오늘날 우리들의 불행한 현실이다. 대다수의 교통사고가 운전자의 교통법규 위반에 기인되고 있다는 전제하 에 본 논문은 심리학적인 관점에서 그와같은 위반적인 운전자 행동의 이론적 배경을 비판적으로 분석하고자 시도한다. 아울러 이 논문에서는 운전자의 법규 위반적 행동에 대해 취할 수 있는 기본적이 대책을 마련 하는데 있어 특별히 기여할 수 있을 "인간-환경-경험" 모델을 구축하는 기초를 마련하고자 노력하고 있다.자 노력하고 있다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.921-929
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• 2015

Road conditions which obstruct the driver from seeing road markings, such as in the evening or in the rain, due to the lack of a light source gives way to increasing the risk of traffic accidents. In order to increase road safety, the Korea Expressway Corporation set up a pilot project which used high-quality materials along a section of the Gyeongbu Expressway between Daejeon and Pangyo. There is little research on high-quality materials in the field of pavement marking. This study introduces high-quality materials used in pavement materials, presents the results of a survey conducted to examine the effect of the pilot project and analyzes traffic accident data from before and after the implementation of the pilot project. The survey results show that 87% of the respondents were highly satisfied with the pilot project. With the goal of evaluating the effect of the pilot project, this study used traffic accident data provided by the Korea Expressway Corporation accident data and performed a before-after study of the number of traffic. The results of data analysis show that there were 62 and 48 traffic accidents before and after the implementation of the pilot project. In addition, the result of Emperical Bayes Method indicates that there is an 41.7% decrease in the number of traffic accidents as an effect of High-quality Pavement Marking Materials.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.85-102
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to present the direction of the safety manual in the food service industry kitchen. The accident rate in food industry kitchens is around 87.2%, it meaning nearly 9 workers have accident among 10, considered to be very high. The most common accident is a knife cut wound (84.7%). And burns caused by hot water and oil (74.4%), then shown slip and falls (28.1%). The degree of fulfillment of kitchen safety awareness and safe environment varied based on gender, in which male are considered more likely to suffer from accidents than women. The level of safety perception varies between workers at different career points. Workers with 1~3 years of experience suffer the highest rate of accident, while workers with 7~10 years and more of experience are believed to be at lower risk of accident. Restaurant type did not exhibit a significant influence on accidents cases, although differences in the adoption of personal safety, even partially, were discovered, at significance of 0.01 < 0.027 < $0.05^*$. Based on these results, this paper has suggested preventive safety management validation model the food service industry based on kitchen management and incident management, and presented steps necessary.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.68-85
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to understand science teaching experiences of elementary school teachers who taught the system thinking-based science inquiry class. The phenomenological methods were applied to analyze four elementary teachers' meaningful experiences. The four step methods of phenomenological experience research proposed by Giorgi (1985) and interview questions developed by Seidman (1998) and Schuman (1982) were used in order to collect qualitative data. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, teachers intentionally tried to ask divergent thinking questions which promoted the system thinking in classes. The teachers used divergent thinking questions to promote their students' thinking activities and to induce students' system thinking. In addition, the receptive mood created by teachers and interactive environments had a positive effect on promoting system thinking skills. Second, teachers remarked lack of teaching and learning materials and difficulties in selecting themes of their classes in order to teach the system thinking-based science inquiry class effectively. In addition, it was very difficult for teachers to evaluate the contents and processes of students' learning correctly because there were little evaluative tools and methods readily available. The findings indicated that there were some limitations in maximizing the effects of system thinking-based science inquiry instruction due to elementary students' inappropriate process skills of inquiry activities. Findings of this study revealed significant insights about elementary school teachers' experiences regarding the system thinking-based science class.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 1994

A SGTR accident postulated at Kori unit 1 is simulated with Mihama unit experience, which occurred on February 1991, to evaluate the capability of plant to cope with the transient. The system design and plant conditions of Kori Unit 1 are much similar with those of Mihama Unit 2. Therefore, special concern has been given to evaluate the sequence and the resulting consequence of the postulated SGTR accident at the Kori unit 1 An analysis is peformed as realistically as possible, with following the EOP of Kori unit 1. The result indicates that the leak through tube break terminates within about forty minutes, and the Kori unit 1 may be sufficient to cope with SGTR accident with same type of sequence. However, the reconsideration may be required for the design of Kori unit 1 which disconnects non-safety AC power from off-site power on SI signal generation. It may be pointed out that the content of EOP for SGTR accident is not enough to require operator's proper judgements. An analysis of SGTR accident tested in the LSTF which simulated the SGTR accident at the Mihama Unit 2 is peformed using the RELAP5/MOD3. The results indicates that the code yields in general good agreement with the test, except the break flowrate at the early stage of the event.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.215-237
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• 2017

Most research on medical accidents is related to medical disputes and malpractice of relief system. Therefore, there is a lack of research which explores the psychological experiences of patients injured by medical accidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) of patients harmed by medical accidents and to examine the moderating role of social support on the relationship between clinicians' explanation and attitude and PTSD symptoms. A total of 180 patients were drawn from a medical accident organization and online communities related to medical accidents. Results showed that 171 (95%) of the subjects experienced full PTSD symptoms and their severity of the PTSD Symptoms was as high as those who experienced other severe traumatic events. Though the main effect of clinician's explanation and attitude on PTSD symptoms was not significant, the moderating effect of social support was significant in the relationship between clinicians' explanation and attitude and PTSD symptoms. In other words, when the level of social support was low, the poorer the explanation and attitude of clinicians, the more severe the symptoms of PTSD. Drawing from these results, psychological, social, and institutional strategies were suggested to alleviate and prevent PTSD symptoms of patients injured by medical accidents. Finally, limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2001

Objectives: The experience of traffic accident is a kind of the psychosocial stressors to person. The traffic accident-related patients may show the psychophysiologic hyperarousal. So we examined the differences of psychophysiologic response between patients with and without the memory of experienceing a traffic accident. Methods: Twenty-four traffic accident-related patients were divided into two groups according to ther memory of a traffic accident. In psychological assessment, levels of anxiety and depression were evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck's Depression Inventory, and Hamilton Rating Scales For Anxiety and Depression. Heart rate, electrodermal response (EDR), and electromyographic activity (EMG) were measured by biofeedback system, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure by automated vital sign monitor during baseline, task, and rest periods. We utilized script-driven imagery technique as a stressful task. The patients listened to the script describing their own traffic accident experience and were instructed to imagine the event during the task period. Statistically analytic data were obtained from the differences of psychological and psychophysiologic data between two groups. Results: The memory group did not show significantly higher EDR than the none memory group, but showed higher tendency during baseline, imagery, and rest periods. The memory group showed significantly lower EMG than the none memory group during rest period. However, there were no differences in other psychophysiologic reponses between the two groups. Conclusion: Our results showed that the memory group had higher tendency in autonomic arousal level such as electrodermal response than the none memory group. We suggest that physicians need to minimize repetitive imagery of traffic accident (reexperience), and decrease the autonomic hyperarousal in the treatment of traffic accident-related patients.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.217-244
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• 2007

The purpose of the research is to understand the life of persons with disabilities caused by an accident by reconstructing their post-accident experiences. As a research tool, Fritz $Sch{\ddot{u}}tze's$ narrative interview was used, and three cases were analyzed in terms of a 'process structure of life'. After the researcher reconstructed each case, she sorted the cases comprehensively both according to the common features as well as to the differences among them. In doing so, the researcher came up with three characteristics of persons with disabilities caused by an accident. First, rather than identifying with their present life, the interviewees identified themselves with their life before the accident happened. Such identification problem is connected with their problem of accepting their handicap. And the interviewees identified themselves with disability groups. It showed that they feel more comfortable and secure among other people with disabilities than with families or friends. This makes them stay in the group of the disabled, in which they can understand and respect each other, rather than staying in a group in which people discriminate the disabled from able bodied and do not accept the disabled as equal members. Second, in their narration the interviewees told stories emphasizing their life after the accident happened. This feature can be compared with the experiences of those persons who underwent a trauma. Finally, it was found that our country's welfare policy for persons with disabilities caused by an accident is designed without differentiating people according to gender or educational background. Through these findings, the researcher intends to reflect on our country's current social welfare services and to look for new methods in order to implement proper social welfare practices.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.30-34
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• 2016

인간은 소리를 통해 많은 정보를 얻을 수 있다. 누가 어떤 말을 하는지 뿐만 아니라, 상황에 따라서는 소리가 발화된 환경 또한 시각적인 정보 없이 유추할 수 있다. 이러한 판단을 내리기까지, 인간은 경험을 통해 스스로 학습하는 과정을 거친다. 이와 같은 학습 과정에 생물의 사고과정을 모방하여 복잡한 상관관계를 추론하는 인공지능형 알고리즘을 적용하면, 인간의 두뇌가 경험을 통해 학습하고 판단하던 역할을 기계적으로도 모방할 수 있게 된다. 본고에서는 음향이 발화된 환경의 정보를 나타낼 수 있는 파라미터들에 대해 알아보고, 그 파라미터들을 지능형 알고리즘을 이용해 도출해내는 과정과 기법들을 소개한다.