• Title/Summary/Keyword: 뿌리

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Control Efficacy of Ethaboxam on Chinese Cabbage Clubroot Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae (Ethaboxam의 배추 뿌리혹병 방제효과)

  • Choi, Gyung-Ja;Jang, Kyoung-Soo;Kim, Jin-Cheol;Lim, He-Kyoung;Chun, Sam-Jae;Kim, Dal-Soo;Cho, Kwang-Yun
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.81-87
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    • 2005
  • Ethaboxam[(RS)-N-(a-cyano-2-thenyl)-4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboximide] is a novel fungicide with high level of activity against Oomycetes fungi. The control effects of ethaboxam technical and various ethaboxam formulations were investigated against P. brassicae, the causal agent of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage. When ethaboxam was applied to infested soil, club formation caused by P. brassicae was strongly inhibited at 8.33 mg/L soil and $EC_{50}$ of ethaboxam was 2.65 mg/L soil. Five ethaboxam formulations [10% suspension concentrate (SC), 15% SC, 2% granule (GR), 5% GR, 25% wettable powder] and mixture formulation of ethaboxam and metalaxyl (3%+1% GR) exhibited good efficacy against the pathogen. 10% SC, 15% SC, and 2% GR formulations of ethaboxam showed better disease controlling efficacy on Chinese cabbage clubroot than the other formulations. The $EC_{50}$ values of 10% SC, 15% SC, and 2% GR formulations of ethaboxam were 3.72 mg AI/L soil, 1.1 mg AI/L soil, and 4.95 mg AI/L soil, respectively. Among them, soil drenching application by 15% SC formulation of ethaboxam exhibited the most in vivo antifungal activity on P. brassicae. These results indicate that ethaboxam has a high potential for the control of clubroot disease.

Free Radicals Scavenging Activity of Bulro Kugi (Lycium chinense Mill) Fruit, Leaf and Root (불로 구기 부위별 자유라디칼 소거효과에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Eun-Hae;Kim, Hyeon-Wee;Kim, Su-Dong;Lee, Bo-Hee;Lee, Cherl-Ho;Koh, Kyung-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.6-10
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    • 2005
  • Free radical-scavenging activities of Korean Bulro Kugi (Lycium chinense Mill) fruit, leaf, and root were evaluated. Total phenolic contents of fruit, leaf, and root were $1,078.4{\pm}61.0$, $939.9{\pm}19.8$, and $3,792.2{\pm}106.6mg/L$, and their flavonoids were $396.7{\pm}15.2$, $1,952.9{\pm}21.3$, and $425.3{\pm}13.5mg/L$, respectively (p<0.001). HPLC revealed main polyphenolic compounds in fruit were p-coumaric and syringic acids in fruit, p-coumaric, syringic, and procatechuic acids in leaf, and p-coumaric, syringic, caffeic, and procatechuic acids in root. Highest radical-scavenging activities of superoxide anion and hydroxyl were found in leaf and root, respectively (p<0.001).

한국산 장뇌산삼의 부위별 유용성분함량 및 추출용매조건의 영향

  • 김준한;문혜경;강우원;김종국
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.150.2-151
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    • 2003
  • 한국산 장뇌산삼의 열매, 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리를 -7$0^{\circ}C$ 동결건조 분말화시킨 시료에 대한 추출용매와 농도에 따른 유용성분의 함량을 비교, 분석하였다. 추출액의 당도는 잎과 줄기의 80% 에탄올추출액이 각각 22.58%와 22.53%로 가장 높았고, pH는 4.43-7.41 수준이었고, 갈변도는 흡광도가 잎과 뿌리 80% 에탄올추출액이 1.803과 1.085로 가장 높았다. 색도의 경우 L값는 줄기 100% 증류수추출액이 24.56, 열매 80% 메탄올추출액이 24.35로 가장 높았고, 뿌리와 잎 80% 에탄올추출액이 각각 17.47과 19.59로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. a값은 잎100% 증류수추출액이 0.41로 가장 높았고, 줄기 80%메탄올추출 액이 -0.49로 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. b값은 줄기 80% 메탄올추출액이 3.69로 가장 높았고, 열매 100% 증류수추출액 이 0.45로 가장 낮은 값이었다. 주요 유리당은 sucrose, glucose 및 fructose 이었고, 유리당 총함량은 열매와 줄기 100% 증류수추출액이 각각 6733 mg/100g과 6142 mg/100g으로 가장 많은 량을 함유하였고, sucrose는 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액 이 3673 mg/100g으로, glucose 및 fructose는 줄기 80% 에탄올추출액과 잎 80% 메탄올추출액에 각각 4283 mg/100g과 1897 mg/100g으로 높은 함유량을 나타내었다. 또한 잎과 줄기에는 xylose가 304-524 mg/100g 수준으로 함유되어 있었고, 뿌리에는 maltose가 소량 함유하고 있었다. 주요 유기산으로는 citric acid, tartaric acid 및 malic acid가 확인되었고, citric acid는 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액이 1849 mg/100g으로 가장 높은 함량이었고, tartaric acid는 잎 80% 메탄올추출액이 3263 mg/100g으로 가장 높은 함량이었고, malic acid는 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액이 1856 mg/100g으로 가장 높은 함량이었으며, 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액에는 succinic acid, malonic acid 및 oxalic acid 등이 확인되었다. 유리아미노산은 L-Arginine, ${\gamma}$-Amino-n-butyric acid, Ethanolamine, L-Proline, $\beta$-Alanine 및 L-sarcosine 등 총 35종이 확인되었고, L-Arginine은 251-7379 mg/100g 수준으로 특히, 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액에는 1319 mg/100g으로 총함유량의 79.13%로 매우 높은 함유량을 나타내었다. P, K, Na, Ca 및 Mg 등이 주된 무기질로 확인되었고, 그 중 P는 줄기 100% 증류수추출액에 15563 mg/100g으로 가장 높았고, K은 잎 80% 메탄을 추출액에 4952 mg/100g, Ca과 Na은 잎과 열매 100% 증류수추출액에 각각 3052 mg/100g과 1798 mg/100g, Mg은 잎 100% 증류수추출액에 950 mg/100g으로 매우 높은 함유량을 보였고, 또한 미량원소로는 Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Co, Mo, Fe 등이 함유되어 있었다.

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Antioxidative Activities of Syneilesis palmata Extracts (우산나물(Syneilesis palmata) 추출물의 항산화 활성)

  • Lee, Yang-Suk;Ahn, Dae-Sung;Joo, Eun-Young;Kim, Nam-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.38 no.11
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    • pp.1471-1477
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to examine the antioxidant activities of the extracts from aerial parts and roots of Syneilesis palmata. The ethanol extract of aerial parts showed the highest content of flavonoid compounds (31.72 mg/g), and the ethanol extract of roots has the highest content of total polyphenol compounds (68.11 mg/g). The water extract of S. palmata roots showed the highest xanthine oxidase inhibition of 99.29% and the ethanol extract of aerial parts showed 98.48% at 1.0 mg/mL. The ethanol extract of roots showed the highest value of nitrite scavenging ability of 70.89% at pH 1.2, SOD-like activity of 13.06% and electron donating ability of 98.58% at 1.0 mg/mL concentration. The effect of tyrosinase inhibition was found at only the ethanol extracts of roots (9.33%). We found that root extracts contain abundance polyphenol compounds and their antioxidant activities were greater than those of the extracts of aerial part.

Antioxidative Activities and Tyrosinase Inhibition of Water Extracts from Ailanthus altissima (가죽나무(Ailanthus altissima) 물 추출물의 항산화 활성과 Tyrosinase 저해)

  • Lee, Yang-Suk;Choi, Jin-Beom;Joo, Eun-Young;Kim, Nam-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.36 no.9
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    • pp.1113-1119
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    • 2007
  • Water extracts from root, stem and leaf of Ailanthus altissima were utilized to determine antioxidant properties such as electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging ability, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, and the inhibitory activities of xanthine oxidase (XO) and tyrosinase. The EDA of root extract was the highest as 77.33% at 0.5 mg/mL concentration and that of stem extract was 70.01% at 1.0 mg/mL. The nitrite scavenging ability of leaf extract revealed the highest effect as 95.18% at pH 1.2, 1.0 mg/mL while those of stem and root extracts were 55.17% and 33.33%, respectively. The leaf extract showed the highest SOD like activity as 26.77% at 1.0 mg/mL, the measurement of root extract was 3.82% and that of stem extract was not effective. All kinds of extracts had strong inhibitory activities on XO of over 92% at 1.0 mg/mL. The highest activity on tyrosinase inhibition was obtained from leaf extract of 16.33% at 2.0 mg/mL. The results indicated that among the three extracts, the leaf extract has a strong and extensive antioxidant activity.

The Effect of Oryzalin on Growth and Gravitropism in Arabidopsis Roots (Oryzalin이 애기장대 뿌리 생장과 굴중성 반응에 미치는 작용)

  • Go, Jin Gyu;Park, Sun Ill;Kim, Soon Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.109-114
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    • 2021
  • Oryzalin is a dinitroaniline herbicide that has been known to disrupt microtubules. Microtubules and microfilaments are components of cytoskeletons that are implicated in plant cell growth, which requires the synthesis of cellulose when cell walls elongate. In addition, microtubules are also involved in the sedimentation of statoliths, which regulate the perception of gravity in the columella cells of root tips. In this study, we investigated the effect of oryzalin on the growth and gravitropic response of Arabidopsis roots. The role of ethylene in oryzalin's effect was also examined using these roots. Treatment of oryzalin at a concentration of 10-4 M completely inhibited the roots' growth and gravitropic response. At a concentration of 10-6 M oryzalin, root growth was inhibited by 47% at 8 hr when compared to control. Gravitropic response was inhibited by about 38% compared to control in roots treated with 10-6 M oryzalin for 4 hr. To understand the role of oryzalin in the regulation of root growth and gravitropic response, we measured ethylene production in root segments treated with oryzalin. It was found that the addition of oryzalin stimulated ethylene production through the activation of ACC oxidase and ACC synthase genes, which are key components in the synthesis of ethylene. From these findings, it can be inferred that oryzalin inhibits the growth and gravitropic response of Arabidopsis roots by stimulating ethylene production. The increased ethylene alters the arrangement of the microtubules, which eventually interferes with the growth of the cell wall.

Root Starch Yield and Physio-Chemical Characteristics of Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn) according to Harvesting Time (고사리 뿌리의 채취시기에 따른 전분 추출수율과 이화학적 특성)

  • Jung-Seob Moon;Gue-Saeng, Yeom;Song-Hee Ahn;;Dong-Chun Cheong
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2020.12a
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    • pp.74-74
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    • 2020
  • 고사리(Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn)는 고사리 속(Pteridium spp.)에 속하는 양치식물의 총칭으로서 우리나라에는 22과 70속 272종이 분포되어 있는 것으로 보고되었다. 고사리의 어린 순에는 가식부 100g 당 칼슘 15.0mg, 칼륨 185.0mg 등이 함유되어 있으며 골다공증, 심혈관 질환 등에 효과가 있고 식이섬유로 인해 변비 예방에도 유용한 것으로 알려져 있다. 우리나라의 고사리 재배면적은 2019년 기준 5,349ha 수준을 보이고 있으며 전체 산채류 재배면적에서 26%의 비중을 차지하고 있으나 재배면적의 증가에 따라 고사리 재배의 부가가치를 높일수 있는 방안이 요구되고 있는 실정으로 그 중 고사리 뿌리에서 추출한 전분은 중국 및 일본 등지에서 면류나 제과용으로 이용되고 있어 고사리 재배의 부가가치를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안으로 기대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고사리 뿌리의 채취시기에 따른 뿌리 전분의 생산성과 이화학적 특성을 조사하기 위해 2020년 3월 26일부터 10월 28일 까지 5회에 걸쳐 뿌리를 수확하여 세척한 후 고무망치로 파쇄하고 수침 방법을 이용해 추출한 전분의 추출수율과 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 채취시기별 고사리 뿌리의 생산성은 7월 27일 수확에서 3,783.3kg/10a로 유의하게 높은 수량을 보였다. 파쇄한 고사리 뿌리를 24시간 sodium metabisulfite 0.4% V/W 용액에 수침하여 전분을 추출한 후 24시간 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 진탕, 침전과 세척의 과정을 거친 후 조사한 전분 추출 수율은 3월 26일 수확한 뿌리에서 7.6%로 가장 높았고 7월 27일과 9월 24일 채취한 경우에서는 전분이 검출되지 않았으며 10월 28일에는 4.9%의 유의하게 낮았다. 추출한 전분의 색도분석에서 L값은 채취시기가 늦어질수록 높아지는 경향을 보였고 a, b값은 낮아지는 경향을 보여 전분의 색도가 향상되는 경향을 보였으며, 신속점도측정기로 조사한 전분의 호화특성에서는 채취시기가 늦어질수록 전분의 최고점도는 높아졌으나 최저점도 및 최종점도는 낮아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 전분의 무기물 함량은 3월 26일과 5월 25일 채취하는 경우 Fe > Ca > Mg > K > P의 순으로 함량이 높았으나 10월 28일 채취한 경우에서는 Fe와 Ca이 감소되고 K 함량은 증가하여 Ca > Fe > Mg > K > P의 순으로 무기물 함량이 높게 나타났다.

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Control efficacy of two nematicides against southern root-knot nematode in a cucumber greenhouse during the fallow period in winter (동계 휴경기간 살선충제 처리에 따른 오이 시설재배지의 고구마뿌리혹선충 방제 효과)

  • Hyoung-Rai Ko;Sekeun Park;Natesan Karthi;Byeong-Yong Park
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.455-462
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    • 2023
  • Southern root-knot nematode (SRKN, Meloidogyne incognita) is known to be responsible for annual economic losses of 38.2 million USD in cucumber cultivation in Korea. Nematicides are frequently used to manage SRKN in plastic greenhouses. A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of a soil fumigant (dimethyl disulfide, DMDS) and a non-fumigant (fluopyram, FL) against SRKN during the winter fallow season in a greenhouse from October to December. Nematicidal efficacy was assessed at 43 days after treatment, and the root gall index was measured 4 months after transplanting cucumber seedlings. DMDS effectively reduced second-stage SRKN juvenile density with 91% control efficacy, while FL showed no control efficacy against SRKN. Root gall index values were significantly different(p=0.020) in DMDS treatment and controls at 1.0±0.00 and 4.3±0.58, respectively. This study showed that DMDS could be considered an effective nematicide for controlling SRKN in the fallow period in winter.

Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit II (COII) Sequence Analysis of Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne sp. HSC, Infesting Yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) (둥근마(Dioscorea bulbifera)를 가해하는 뿌리혹선충(Meloidogyne sp. HSC)의 Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit II (COII) 염기서열 분석)

  • Han, Sang-Chan;Kang, Sang-Jin;Kim, Yong-Gyun
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.46 no.1 s.145
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    • pp.169-173
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    • 2007
  • Root-knot nematode damage was found on yam, Dioscorea bulbifera in Andong Korea. From the root-knots, female nematodes were isolated and subjected to DNA sequence analysis. Sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) was analyzed from the genomic DNA of the isolate. COII locus size and sequence of the nematode isolate were similar to those of Meloidogyne javanica or M. incognita. However, an analysis of HinfI restriction site, a species-specific character between these two species, showed that the isolate did not match to either M. javanica or M. incognita.

참당귀 뿌리 배양에 있어서 root segmentation과 식물생장조절제가 뿌리 생장과 decursinol angelate 생산에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Ji-Yeon;Jo, Ji-Suk;Jo, Jong-Mun;Lee, Yong-Il;Kim, Ik-Hwan;Kim, Dong-Il
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2002.04a
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    • pp.305-308
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    • 2002
  • Decursinol angelate, a new anticancer agent, was produced by root cultures of Angelica gigas Nakai. In addition, difference of specific yields between primary and secondary root was investigated. It was found that specific yield of secondary root was much higher than that of primary root at various conditions, so that it was thought that the formation and growth of secondary root were feasible. From this point of view, effects of root segmentation and plant growth regulators (NAA, IBA) on root morphology and decursinol angelate production were examined. Root segmentation increased secondary root mass and product formation. On the other hand, addition of NAA or IBA at various concentrations promoted secondary root formation and production of decursinol angelate significantly. Five-fold increase of production was obtained at 4 mg/L of IBA compared to control without NAA and IBA.

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