• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.367-367
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• 2023

2022년 중부권은 집중호우에 의해 큰 피해를 입었다. 2022년 서울의 강수량은 1775.3mm로 30년(1993~2022년) 연평균 강수량(1429.6mm)을 상회하였고, 6월~9월에 1412.4mm로 약 80%의 강수량이 집중되었다. 또한, RCP(Representative concentrate pathways) 기후변화 시나리오에 따르면 2100년까지 강수량과 강우지속시간이 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 예측하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 도시화는 지속적으로 불투수면적을 넓히고 있어, 도시지역의 홍수피해는 점차 가중될 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 도시지역 불투수면적의 투수화를 통해 강수량을 지표하로 침투시켜 지표유출을 저감하는 방안을 연구하였다. 대상지는 부산광역시 신도시 개발지역으로 30년 강우자료를 이용하여 무강우 지속시간, 독립 강우사상의 구분, 강우사상의 지속시간 및 분포 등을 분석하여 빗물관리목표를 설정하였다. 해당 빗물관리목표를 만족시킬 수 있는 규모의 저영향개발 시설을 적용하였고, 도시지역의 개발 전, 개발 후, 저영향개발 기술 적용 후의 단계로 구분하여 모의분석을 수행하였다. 개발 전의 물순환 회복률을 100.0%로 기준을 설정하고, 모의분석 결과 개발 이후 38.1%로 물순환 회복률이 급감하였으나, 저영향개발 기술 적용을 통해 약 92.0%로 회복되는 것을 확인하였다. 이후 연별, 월별 물수지 분석을 통해 물순환 회복률과 지표유출 저감 정도를 비교 분석하였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 저영향개발의 적용으로 도시화와 집중호우로 인한 도시지역의 수해를 일부 저감시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되고, 대상지역 개발 전의 물수지 상태 회귀를 통해 지속가능한 발전이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.482-486
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• 2016

광주광역시 도심유역의 14개 단위유역(영본B02~영본B25)으로 면적 $501.19km^2$ 중 약 42%에 해당하는 $211.86km^2$을 대상유역으로 분산식 빗물관리에 의한 물순환 체계를 구축하였다. 지목별 저감대상 면적은 대지, 창고, 공장용지는 전체면적의 15%, 주유소, 학교, 잡종지, 종교용지, 주차장은 5%, 도로는 10%를 적용하여 저감대상 산출면적은 $9.1km^2$로 설정하였으며, 초기강우 10mm에 대한 초기강우유출량 $90,885m^2$이 발생하며 이는 각 단위유역의 토지이용별로 침투통, 침투측구, 침투화분, 침투도랑, 수목여과박스, 식생수로, 빗물저금통, 투수블럭의 8개 시설에 의해 침투 및 저류하는 것을 제안하였으며, 또한, 본 연구의 대상유역에서 발생하는 비점오염원 발생부하량은 8,439.16kg/일으로 그 중 2.4%에 해당하는 210.186kg/일이 본 연구에서 제안한 빗물 관리시설에 의해서 삭감되는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 빗물관리시설의 총 투자비용은 약 322억원이며, 효과 비용은 343억원으로 산정되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.129-143
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to evaluate flooding vulnerability considering spatial characteristics focused on Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. Assessment Factors are water cycle area ratio, surface runoff, and precipitation. And construction of assessment factors and vulnerability was analyzed by GIS program. Water cycle ratio and surface runoff were vulnerable in urban area. Precipitation was often distributed in agriculture of the northern region. Results of flooding vulnerability were low in agriculture and forest of the northern region. In contrast, urban area was high because there has covered impervious land cover. Analytical results of flooding vulnerability density using hotspot spatial cluster analysis were high in urban area. And these areas were situated in down stream so flooding were generated. Therefore, flooding vulnerability assessment of this study can help for selecting construction sites of pervious land cover and rainwater management facilities in urban and environmental planning.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.304-304
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• 2011

최근 도시화에 따른 인구증가와 더불어 도로포장 등 불투수면적의 증가로 인하여 우기시 빗물 침투가 차단되어 도심의 지하수위가 저하되며 토양의 건토화, 열섬현상 등의 문제가 발생하게 되었다. 이러한 문제점에 착안하여 본 연구에서는 투수효과를 최대한 고려할 수 있는 고강도의 친환경 콘크리트 블록(에크스톤 바이오 블록; ECOSTONE-BIO BLOCK)을 개발하였으며 기존 콘크리트 블록의 자연적 빗물침투 억제의 문제점을 일부 개선하였다. 본 블록은 캡슐공법을 사용하여, 공극률은 높이면서(투수성 향상), 강도와 내구성이 유지됨은 물론 캡슐안에 황토성분을 첨가하여, 바이오적인 기능 및 재생골재를 이용한 친환경적 제품으로 투수성, 내구성, 기능성을 극대화 시켰다. 또한 제품표면은 천연 백색돌맹이, 흑색돌맹이의 배합으로 자연석재 느낌을 구현하였으며, 쇼트블라스트 및 커링 표면공정으로 미끄럼저항지수를 조절할 수 있어, 기존 콘크리트 보도블록에 비해 투수율, 내구성, 기능성, 안전성이 우수하여, 안전한 보행환경이 가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로, 주변 환경과 잘 어울리도록 디자인된 바이오기능성 친환경 블록으로 도심지역 시공시 투수효과에 따른 지하수고갈방지 및 침수피해에 도움을 주리라 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.228-235
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• 2016

To investigate runoff losses of azoxystrobin from the field by rainfall, the influence of slope degree and length on runoff rate of azoxystrobin from the pepper field were measured. The SC type formulation was applied at the pepper field lysimeter in 2004 and 2005. The azoxystrobin washed down from plant were from 21% to 68% of what the applied. Concentrations of azoxystrobin in the first runoffs were less than $50{\mu}gL^{-1}$. Runoff losses were from 0.26% to 0.59% for 10% slope-plots, from 0.66% to 0.96% for 20% slope-plots, and from 0.84% to 1.78% for 30% slope-plots. Then they decreased with increasing slope-length. Runoff loss of azoxystrobin was closely related to volume of runoff, it was reduced by the ridge and the mulching effect.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.23-39
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• 2014

An artificial rainwater reservoir installed in urban areas for recycling rainwater is an eco-friendly facility for reducing storm water effluence. However, in order to recycle the rainwater directly, the artificial rainwater reservoir requires an auxiliary system that can remove non-point source pollutants included in the initial rainfall of urban area. Therefore, the conventional soil filtration technology is adopted to capture non-point source pollutants in an economical and efficient way in the purification system of artificial rainwater reservoirs. In order to satisfy such a demand, clogging characteristics of the sand filter layers with different grain-size distributions were studied with real non-point source pollutants. For this, a series of lab-scale chamber tests were conducted to make a prediction model for removal of non-point source pollutants, based on the clogging theory. The laboratory chamber experiments were carried out by permeating two types of artificially contaminated water through five different types of sand filter layers with different grain-size distributions. The two artificial contaminated waters were made by fine marine-clay particles and real non-point source pollutants collected from motorcar roads of Seoul, Korea. In the laboratory chamber experiments, the concentrations of the artificial contaminated water were measured in terms of TSS (Total Suspended Solids) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and compared with each other to evaluate the performance of sand filter layers. In addition, the accumulated weight of pollutant particles clogged in the sand filter layers was estimated. This paper suggests a prediction model for removal of non-point source pollutants with theoretical consideration of the physical characteristics such as the grain-size distribution and composition, and change in the hydraulic conductivity and porosity of sand filter layers. The lumped parameter ${\theta}$ related with the clogging property was estimated by comparing the accumulated weight of pollutant particles obtained from the laboratory chamber experiments and calculated from the prediction model based on the clogging theory. It is found that the lumped parameter ${\theta}$ has a significant influence on the amount of the pollutant particles clogged in the pores of sand filter layers. In conclusion, according to the clogging prediction model, a double-sand-filter layer consisting of two separate layers: the upper sand-filter layer with the effective particle size of 1.49 mm and the lower sand-filter layer with the effective particle size of 0.93 mm, is proposed as the optimum system for removing non-point source pollutants in the field-sized artificial rainwater reservoir.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.795-802
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• 2013

According to the increase of impervious area due to the town development, the rate of infiltration generally lessens and that of runoff rises during wet weather events. And it is concerned that its impacts on water quality for the downstream water bodies due to the change of rainfall runoff patterns may also increase. To cope with these issues, LID (Low Impact Development) techniques which try to maintain the characteristics of rainfall runoff regardless of the town development have been introduced actively. However, the behaviors of each LID technique for rainfall runoff and pollutant loads is not understood sufficiently. In this study, considering the applications of some LID techniques, several sets of simulations using a distributed rainfall runoff model, SWMM-LID, have been conducted for D town whose development is progressing. As the results of the simulations, the rates of infiltration/storage have been decreased from 78% in the case before the town development to 15% after the development and increased again by 24% with LID techniques such as porous pavement, rain barrel and rain garden. The rates of runoff have been increased more than three times from 20% in the case before the development to 74% after the development, and they have also been decreased to 66% by the adoption of LID techniques. It has been simulated that porous pavement is more effective than others in the view point of the reduction of runoff and rain barrel is more attractive for the management of pollutant loads (TSS, BOD, COD, T-N and T-P). Therefore, if some LID techniques should be selected for the a new town, it could be concluded that some techniques with better infiltration functions are recommendable for the control of runoff, and ones with larger storage functions for the management of pollutant loads.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.55-59
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a system for monitoring and controlling the level of the rainwater tank by installing an underground storage tank as one of ways to increase the utilization rate to solve the water shortage and imbalance. For this purpose, a microprocessor of ATMEL's Atmega 128 is used for the control module, and the sensor capable of measuring the water level uses a float type level sensor which is a kind of tactile sensor. In particular, the level sensor outputs the output in a industry standard dimension, so that the compatibility is improved so as to replace the existing sensor.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.256-263
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• 2013

The field lysimeter study was undertaken to investigate influence of agricultural practice and topography on runoff and erosion loss of fluazinam from the sloped land grown pepper. The WP type formulation was applied on July in 2003~2005. The wash-off rates were from 1.4% to 8.4% of the applied fluazinam. The runoff losses of fluazinam from a series of pepper grown-lysimeter plots were 0.14~0.90% in the first year, 0.01~0.04% in the second year and 0.16~0.37% in the third year for the mulched contour ridge plots, 0.47~1.59% for the mulched up-down direction ridge plots and 0.07~1.05% for the no-mulched contour ridge plots as the control, and they increased with slope degree. Concentrations of fluazinam in runoff water ranged mostly to 10 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$ at the first runoff event. Erosion rates from plots except the mulched up-down direction ridge plots was 0.00~0.21% for 10% and 20% slope-plots and 0.15~1.05% for 30% slope-plots with different slope degrees. Erosion rates from the mulched up-down direction ridge plots were 0.47~1.59% for 10% slope-plots and 0.75~1.05% for 20% slope-plots. Residues of fluazinam in soil at ten days after the application ranged from 0.007 mg $kg^{-1}$ to 0.059 mg $kg^{-1}$ except the soil under the mulch. After then the fluazinam residue in soil was dissipated at the rate of 20 days of half-life to below 0.01 mg $kg^{-1}$ at 60 days after the application.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.92-99
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• 2009

Deeply-driven ground rod in the rainy season may contact with rainwater and ground water. When surge voltages are applied to the submerged ground rods, the ionization around the ground rods are occurred. Ionization in soil and/or water is affected in dynamic performance of ground rod systems. This work aims at studying the transient performance of ground rod system under impulse voltage using scale model in an electrolytic tank. The potential reduction and energy dispersion caused by ionization were treasured and quantitatively analyzed using the Matlab Program. As a result, the peak voltage at the terminal of ground rod was varied with water resistivity and charging voltage of Marx generator. The potential at the terminal of the ground rod was approximately reduced to a half of the applied voltage just below breakdown voltage. Also the energy more than half of the applied energy was dispersed through the ground rod due to ionization just below breakdown voltage.